• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.249-256
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• 2006

Purpose: This study was to identify the state of recognition and experience of love, sex knowledge and self-esteem targeting girls who attended middle and high schools. Method: Data was collected from 391 girls of middle and high schools from Aug. 2004 to Nov. 2004. The collected data was analysed through t-test, and ANOVA. Result: The average age of the girls of this study was 16.9 years, and 31.6% of them discussed sex with their parents. The girls' experiences with love were hand-holding(80.8%) the most, and shoulder to shoulder(68.5%), arm in arm(67.8%), hugging(57.0%) and kissing(37.9%) in sequence, while coitus and pregnancy appeared in 0.8% of the cases. The score of sex knowledge was 68.8 and self-esteem was 74.4. Self-esteem was related to age and discussing sex with their parents. Conclusion: As the results above show, the majority of girl-students were mostly knowledgable about friendship and love expressions. At school and home, society's support and encouragement are required so that sex education at a young age and a positive self-concept may be formed.

• Journal of Korean language education
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.47-75
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• 2012

Korean Studies in China is centered on Korean language program and is very successful, creating and instilling positive images of Korea. In China, Korean Studies means both North Korea and South Korea and is called "Korean Studies," "Chosun Studies," "Peninsula Studies" or "Chosun Peninsula Studies." Korean Studies includes international economics, South Korea-North Korea relations, Korea-China relations, centering on international relations as well as domestic issues of South Korea and North Korea. It has continued to develop despite limitations due to South and North Koreas' domestic political situations. However, changing in Korea-China relations is an important factor in expansion of Korean Studies. According to the time period, subjects and the areas of studies vary, significantly affecting the results. Despite the fact that Korean Studies in China has experienced identity crisis, it continues to maintain Chinese perspective, endeavoring to form Chinese Studies School. It is developing to promote friendship and cooperation between the two countries as well as to enhance economic ties. Presently researching on Korean Studies and Korean language education in China is influenced by practical motives and needs, rather than pure academic purposes. This study analyzes what Korean Studies in China means and how it has progressed. After examining Chinese scholars' identities and differences in their approaches, I plan to propose the direction for Korean Studies in China.

• Journal of Korea Society of Digital Industry and Information Management
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.177-187
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to investigate the influence of learning flow, learning interest, and academic achievement by dividing the time when class was taught by Havruta. The Havruta teaching method is a traditional Jewish method of learning, with a one-on-one discussion with a partner that has a positive impact on each other. Havruta teaches learners through various perspectives and perspectives, helping them to improve their learning ability by attracting new ideas and solutions. In the computer lab, there is a big difference between the students according to the learner's abilities. Therefore, it is thought that the Havruta teaching method will help the learners who have lost interest in learning and improve the learning ability in the conventional way which does not consider personal abilities. do. In this paper, based on the friendship teaching model of the Havruta teaching style, the experimental group was taught through the Havruta practice and the play. Through the pre- and post-test, the students who taught the class with the help of the verbal method improved the learning flow, the learning interest and the academic achievement.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.17 no.7
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• pp.109-114
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to analyze the phenomenon studies related to athletic continuity and school life satisfaction of the intellectually disabled students. According to the analysis, the integrated sports volleyball program has acquired athletic skills in the satisfaction of school life and maintained close friendship through cooperation. The participants of intellectually disabled students have been more flexible with the improvement of the physical education volleyball program, and they are affiliated with the school's cooperation, through a cooperative study. Therefore, through the integrated sports volleyball program, students with disabilities can overcome limitations and dissatisfaction with the athletic continuity and satisfaction of school life and achieve the integration they seek in the integrated education.

• Asian Journal for Public Opinion Research
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.106-141
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• 2021

This study was conducted for the purpose of empirically analyzing the effects of adolescents' relationships with major adults as protective factors for smartphone addiction. Specifically, the study compared the discriminatory effects of adolescents' relationships with their parents, school teachers, and educational institute teachers on smartphone addiction among elementary, middle, and high school students in Korea. Analyzing the data of the 2019 Korean Children & Youth Happiness Index (N=7,454), it was found that relationships with adults were significant factors in explaining the level of smartphone addiction even after controlling for the influences of adolescents' demographics, usage time, and friendship factors. For elementary school students, good relationships with their mothers and school teachers decreased the risk of smartphone addiction. On the other hand, in the case of middle school students, only a good relationship with father functioned as a protective factor. Good relationships with their fathers and institute teachers decreased the level of high school students' smartphone addiction. Based on these findings, this study discussed on the development of programs and policies for prevention and intervention of adolescents' smartphone addiction and provided suggestions for follow-up research in the future.

• Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.145-162
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• 2022

Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine the differences in parental involvement and parenting stress according to the father's personality type. Methods: The subjects of this study were 302 fathers with children aged three to five living in Seoul, and a survey was conducted on their Big Five personality types, parental involvement, and parenting stress.The collected data were analyzed using K-means cluster analysis and covariance analysis. Results: In this study, fathers' personality types were classified into four types: 'sincerity, friendship, openness'(21.5%), 'neuroticism'(27.8%), 'sincerity'(29.4%), and 'low sincerity'(21.1%). These are the exact same Fathers in the 'sincere, friendly, open' group showed higher parental involvement and lower parental stress, while fathers in the 'neurotic' group showed lower parenting involvement and higher parenting stress. Conclusion/Implications: There was a difference in parental involvement and parenting stress according to the father's personality type.Based on these results, it is expected that the understanding of the father's personality will be come clearer and the foundation for constructing a program related to parenting which considers personality types will be established.

• Journal of Applied and Pure Mathematics
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• v.4 no.3_4
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• pp.85-97
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• 2022

Let a graph G = (V, E) be a (p, q) graph. Define $${\rho}\;=\;\{\array{{\frac{p}{2}}&p\text{ is even}\\{\frac{p-1}{2}}\;&p\text{ is odd,}}$$ and M = {±1, ±2, ⋯ ± 𝜌} called the set of labels. Consider a mapping λ : V → M by assigning different labels in M to the different elements of V when p is even and different labels in M to p - 1 elements of V and repeating a label for the remaining one vertex when p is odd. The labeling as defined above is said to be a pair mean cordial labeling if for each edge uv of G, there exists a labeling $\frac{{\lambda}(u)+{\lambda}(v)}{2}$ if λ(u) + λ(v) is even and $\frac{{\lambda}(u)+{\lambda}(v)+1}{2}$ if λ(u) + λ(v) is odd such that ${\mid}\bar{\mathbb{S}}_{{\lambda}_1}-\bar{\mathbb{S}}_{{\lambda}^c_1}{\mid}{\leq}1$ where $\bar{\mathbb{S}}_{{\lambda}_1}$ and $\bar{\mathbb{S}}_{{\lambda}^c_1}$ respectively denote the number of edges labeled with 1 and the number of edges not labeled with 1. A graph G for which there exists a pair mean cordial labeling is called a pair mean cordial graph. In this paper, we investigate the pair mean cordial labeling of graphs which are obtained from path and cycle.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.25 no.5
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• pp.703-720
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• 2022

Based on the love styles theory used in psychology, this paper classifies users(Passionate Love, Game-playing Love, Friendship Love, Practical Love, Possessive Love, Altruistic Love) and investigates satisfaction with the motivation for using TikTok love videos(Entertainment, Social Relationship, Love skills-learning, Self-verification, Problem-solving) according to the theory of use and satisfaction. First, 414 users were selected to conduct TikTok surveys to collect data. Then, through the analysis of the research results, among the six love types, game-playing type and possessive type have a positive (+) impact on entertainment motivation and love skill-learning motivation. Game-playing type also have a positive (+) impact on social relationship motivation and self-verification motivation. In addition, altruistic type and possessive type are also factors to strengthen the motivation of self-verification. The altruistic type, possessive type and practical type will improve the problem-solving motivation. Finally, through hierarchial multiple regression analysis, it is confirmed that game-playing love type, entertainment motivation, love skill-learning motivation and self-verification motivation can improve user satisfaction. The above results enrich the research of user classification as well as providing inspiration for improving the quality and communication efficiency of TikTok's video and enhancing user experience.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.261-272
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• 2022

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the influence of ethical leadership in determining the organizations' individual-type ethical climate (self-interest, friendship, and personal morality ethical climate) in reducing employee turnover intention. It seeks to identify the role of individual-type climate in mediating the association between ethical leadership and employee turnover intention. Moreover, the moderation effect of emotional exhaustion among employees on the relationship between ethical leadership and turnover intention has been researched to establish the ethical degree of leadership. Using a sample of 260 questionnaires from employees working full-time in the banking sector, the results were analyzed in PLS-SEM. The results of the social exchange theory indicated that ethical leadership is vital in shaping the workplace's individual-type ethical climate and reducing employees' turnover intention. The findings demonstrate that the relationship between ethical leadership and turnover intention is mediated by an individual-type ethical climate, which means that employees in a positive ethical climate do not wish to leave immediately. Furthermore, emotional exhaustion was found to moderate the association between ethical leadership and employees' turnover intention under high emotional exhaustion, where low ethical leadership is experienced, reporting higher levels of turnover intention.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• v.48 no.2
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• pp.191-206
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• 2023

The present research investigates how micromechanical models affect the behavior of Functionally Graded (FG) plates under different boundary conditions. The study employs diverse micromechanical models to assess the effective material properties of a two-phase particle composite featuring a volume fraction of particles that continuously varies throughout the thickness of the plate. Specifically, the research examines the vibrational response of the plate on a Winkler-Pasternak elastic foundation, considering different boundary conditions. To achieve this, the governing differential equations and boundary conditions are derived using Hamilton's principle, which is based on a four-variable shear deformation refined plate theory. Additionally, the Galerkin method is utilized to compute the plate's natural frequencies. The study explores how the plate's natural frequencies are influenced by various micromechanical models, such as Voigt, Reuss, Hashin-Shtrikman bounds, and Tamura, as well as factors such as boundary conditions, elastic foundation parameters, length-to-thickness ratio, and aspect ratio. The research results can provide valuable insights for future analyses of FG plates with different boundaries, utilizing different micromechanical models.