• Title/Summary/Keyword: Frequency-domain scheduling

Search Result 11, Processing Time 0.04 seconds

Delay Determination of Cyclic Delay Diversity for Multi-user Scheduling in OFDMA Systems (OFDMA 시스템의 다중 사용자 스케줄링을 위한 순환지연 다이버시티의 지연값 결정)

  • Rim, Min-Joong;Hur, Seong-Ho;Song, Hyun-Joo;Lim, Dae-Woon;Jeong, Byung-Jang;Noh, Tae-Gyun
    • The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
    • /
    • v.33 no.3A
    • /
    • pp.248-255
    • /
    • 2008
  • In an OFDMA system the performance of multi-user scheduling in the frequency domain is affected by the frequency selectivity of the channel. If the channel is too flat in the frequency domain, the multi-user scheduling gain might be degraded. On the contrary, if the frequency selectivity is too high and the magnitude of the frequency response severely fluctuates on the allocation bandwidth, it is also hard to get sufficient scheduling gain. For maximizing the multi-user scheduling gain, a cyclic delay diversity technique can be used to adjust the frequency selectivity of the channel. This paper proposes a method to determine the optimal delay value of cyclic delay diversity according to the allocation bandwidth and the channel characteristics.

Scheduling for Virtual MIMO in Single Carrier FDMA (SC-FDMA) System

  • Kim, Jinwoo;Hwang, In Seok;Kang, Chung Gu
    • Journal of Communications and Networks
    • /
    • v.17 no.1
    • /
    • pp.27-33
    • /
    • 2015
  • In this paper, we consider a joint frequency-domain scheduling and user-pairing problem for virtual MIMO in the single carrier frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA) system, e.g., the uplink transmission for third generation partnership project-long term evolution (3GPP-LTE) standard. Due to the subcarrier adjacency constraint inherent to SC-FDMA, its complexity becomes unmanageable. We propose a greedy heuristic algorithm for PF scheduling so as to deal with the complexity issue in this joint problem. It has been shown that its performance can reach up to 90% of its upper bound.

Development of Agent-based Platform for Coordinated Scheduling in Global Supply Chain (글로벌 공급사슬에서 경쟁협력 스케줄링을 위한 에이전트 기반 플랫폼 구축)

  • Lee, Jung-Seung;Choi, Seong-Woo
    • Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
    • /
    • v.17 no.4
    • /
    • pp.213-226
    • /
    • 2011
  • In global supply chain, the scheduling problems of large products such as ships, airplanes, space shuttles, assembled constructions, and/or automobiles are complicated by nature. New scheduling systems are often developed in order to reduce inherent computational complexity. As a result, a problem can be decomposed into small sub-problems, problems that contain independently small scheduling systems integrating into the initial problem. As one of the authors experienced, DAS (Daewoo Shipbuilding Scheduling System) has adopted a two-layered hierarchical architecture. In the hierarchical architecture, individual scheduling systems composed of a high-level dock scheduler, DAS-ERECT and low-level assembly plant schedulers, DAS-PBS, DAS-3DS, DAS-NPS, and DAS-A7 try to search the best schedules under their own constraints. Moreover, the steep growth of communication technology and logistics enables it to introduce distributed multi-nation production plants by which different parts are produced by designated plants. Therefore vertical and lateral coordination among decomposed scheduling systems is necessary. No standard coordination mechanism of multiple scheduling systems exists, even though there are various scheduling systems existing in the area of scheduling research. Previous research regarding the coordination mechanism has mainly focused on external conversation without capacity model. Prior research has heavily focuses on agent-based coordination in the area of agent research. Yet, no scheduling domain has been developed. Previous research regarding the agent-based scheduling has paid its ample attention to internal coordination of scheduling process, a process that has not been efficient. In this study, we suggest a general framework for agent-based coordination of multiple scheduling systems in global supply chain. The purpose of this study was to design a standard coordination mechanism. To do so, we first define an individual scheduling agent responsible for their own plants and a meta-level coordination agent involved with each individual scheduling agent. We then suggest variables and values describing the individual scheduling agent and meta-level coordination agent. These variables and values are represented by Backus-Naur Form. Second, we suggest scheduling agent communication protocols for each scheduling agent topology classified into the system architectures, existence or nonexistence of coordinator, and directions of coordination. If there was a coordinating agent, an individual scheduling agent could communicate with another individual agent indirectly through the coordinator. On the other hand, if there was not any coordinating agent existing, an individual scheduling agent should communicate with another individual agent directly. To apply agent communication language specifically to the scheduling coordination domain, we had to additionally define an inner language, a language that suitably expresses scheduling coordination. A scheduling agent communication language is devised for the communication among agents independent of domain. We adopt three message layers which are ACL layer, scheduling coordination layer, and industry-specific layer. The ACL layer is a domain independent outer language layer. The scheduling coordination layer has terms necessary for scheduling coordination. The industry-specific layer expresses the industry specification. Third, in order to improve the efficiency of communication among scheduling agents and avoid possible infinite loops, we suggest a look-ahead load balancing model which supports to monitor participating agents and to analyze the status of the agents. To build the look-ahead load balancing model, the status of participating agents should be monitored. Most of all, the amount of sharing information should be considered. If complete information is collected, updating and maintenance cost of sharing information will be increasing although the frequency of communication will be decreasing. Therefore the level of detail and updating period of sharing information should be decided contingently. By means of this standard coordination mechanism, we can easily model coordination processes of multiple scheduling systems into supply chain. Finally, we apply this mechanism to shipbuilding domain and develop a prototype system which consists of a dock-scheduling agent, four assembly- plant-scheduling agents, and a meta-level coordination agent. A series of experiments using the real world data are used to empirically examine this mechanism. The results of this study show that the effect of agent-based platform on coordinated scheduling is evident in terms of the number of tardy jobs, tardiness, and makespan.

Improved Scheduling Approach IN SC-FDMA

  • Elshakwi, Saleh.Y.;Abdulrahman, Tarek
    • IEIE Transactions on Smart Processing and Computing
    • /
    • v.2 no.6
    • /
    • pp.350-356
    • /
    • 2013
  • Single Carrier Frequency Domain Multiple Access (SC-FDMA) has proven to be the best long term evolution for uplink multiple access because of its low Peak to Average Power Ratio (PAPR), a feature that leads to low power consumption. This is achievable only if the resource allocation is performed in a contiguous manner. This paper proposes a new approach with an improvement in the global resources allocation. The new approach presented utilizes the gain function, which adopts some of the procedures deduced from the older Recursive Maximum Expansion (RME) algorithm. The experiment proved that the new approach is better than the original RME algorithms and in most cases, is closer to the optimal solution.

  • PDF

Analysis and design of two types of digital repetitive control systems (두가지 이산 반복제어 시스템의 해석 및 설계)

  • 장우석;김군진;김준동;서일홍
    • 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
    • /
    • 1992.10a
    • /
    • pp.1051-1059
    • /
    • 1992
  • Two types of digital repetitive control systems are analyzed and designed to reduce the error spectrum including not only harmonic but also non-harmonic components. First, a novel gain scheduling algorithm is suggested for conventional and modified repetitive controller is scheduled to reduce the infinite norm of error in frequency domain. For this, the relative error transfer function is mewly defined as the ratio of the error spectrum for the system with a repetitive controller to the error spectrum for the system with a repetitive controller to the error spectrum for the system without a repetitive controller. Secondly, as an alternative of a repetitive control system with the gain scheduling, a repetitive control system with higher order repetitve function is analyzed and designed, where instead of equal weightings, weightings of the higher order repetitive function is determined in such a way that the infinite norm of relative error transfer function is minimized. To show the validities of proposed methods, computer simulation results are illustrated for a typical disk drive head positioning servo system.

  • PDF

Scheduling Non-drainage Irrigation in Coir Substrate Hydroponics with Different Percentages of Chips and Dust for Tomato Cultivation using a Frequency Domain Reflectometry Sensor (토마토 수경재배에서 FDR(Frequency Domain Reflectometry) 센서를 활용한 무배액 시스템에 적합한 코이어 배지의 Chip과 Dust 비율 구명)

  • Choi, Eun-Young;Choi, Ki-Young;Lee, Yong-Beom
    • Journal of Bio-Environment Control
    • /
    • v.22 no.3
    • /
    • pp.248-255
    • /
    • 2013
  • This study examined an automated irrigation technique by a frequency domain reflectometry (FDR) sensor for scheduling irrigation for tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L. 'Starbuck F1') cultivation aimed at avoiding effluent from an open hydroponic system with coir substrate containing different ratios of chip-to-dust (v/v) content. Specifically, the objectives were to undertake preliminary measurements of irrigation volumes, leachate volume, volumetric water content and electrical conductivity (EC) in the substrate, plant growth, fruit yield, and water use efficiency resulting from variation in chip content as an initial experiment. Commercial coir substrates containing different percentages of chips and dust (0 and 100%, 30 and 70%, 50 and 50%, or 70 and 30%), two-story coir substrates with different percentages of chips in the lower layer and dust in the upper layer (15 and 85%, 25 and 75%, or 35 and 65%), or rockwool slabs were used. The results showed that a negligible or no leachate was found for all treatments when plants were grown under a technique for scheduling non-drainage irrigation using a frequency domain reflectometry (FDR) sensor. Daily irrigation volume was affected by chip content in both commercial and two-story slabs. The highest plant growth, marketable fruit weight, and water-use efficiency were observed in the plants grown in the commercial coir slab containing 0% chips and 100% dust, indicating that the FDR sensor-auto-mated irrigation may be more useful for tomato cultivation in coir substrate containing 0% chips and 100% dust using water efficiently and minimizing or avoiding leachate and thus increasing yield and reducing pollution. Detailed experiment is necessary to closely focus on determining appropriate irrigation volume at each of irrigation as well as duration of each individual irrigation cycle depending on different physical properties of substrates using an automated irrigation system operated by the FDR sensor.

State Feedback Controller Design For Electro-magnetic Suspension System (상전도 방식의 자기부상 제어기 설계(II))

  • Jang, Seok-Myeong;Sung, So-Young;Jung, Sang-Sup;Jo, Hong-Jea;Sung, Ho-Kyung
    • Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
    • /
    • 1999.07a
    • /
    • pp.101-104
    • /
    • 1999
  • This paper presents the design of state feedback controller with state observer(dynamic filter) for Electro-Magnetic Suspension System. Also, the gain scheduling technique using state observer is analyzed in the time domain and frequency domain.

  • PDF

frequency Domain processor nor ADSL G.LITE Modem (ADSL G.LITE모뎀을 위한 주파수 영역 프로세서의 설계)

  • 고우석;기준석;고태호;윤대희
    • The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
    • /
    • v.26 no.12C
    • /
    • pp.233-239
    • /
    • 2001
  • Among the operations in frequency domain for ADSL G.LITE Modem to perform, FFT and FEQ are most computation-intensive part, of which many researches have been focused on the efficient implementation. Previous papers suggested hardwares suitable for ADSL G.DMT system, which is not feasible for simple G.LITE system. The analysis of frequency domain operations and computational efficiency according to the allocation of hardware resources is performed in this paper. The suggested processor has the structure of one real multiplier and two real adders connected in parallel, which can perform the operations efficiently through the pipeline- and/or parallel-type job scheduling. The suggested processor uses less hardware resources than Kiss\`s ALU structure or FFT/IFFT processor suggested by Wang, so the suggested one is more suitable for G.LITE system than previous works.

  • PDF

MIMO Techniques for Green Radio Guaranteeing QoS

  • Nicolaou, Marios;Han, Congzheng;Beh, Kian Chung;Armour, Simon;Doufexi, Angela
    • Journal of Communications and Networks
    • /
    • v.12 no.2
    • /
    • pp.130-139
    • /
    • 2010
  • Environmental issues and the need to reduce energy consumption for lowering operating costs have pushed power efficiency to become one of the major issues of current research in the field of wireless networks. This paper addresses a number of multiple input multiple output (MIMO) precoding and scheduling techniques across the PHY and MAC layers that can operate under a reduced link budget and collectively improve the transmit power efficiency of a base station, while maintaining the same levels of service. Different MIMO transmission and precoding schemes proposed for LTE, achieving varying degrees of multiuser diversity in both the time, frequency as well as the space domain, are examined. Several fairness-aware resource allocation algorithms are applied to the considered MIMO schemes and a detailed analysis of the tradeoffs between power efficiency and quality of service is presented. This paper explicitly examines the performance of a system serving real-time, VoIP traffic under different traffic loading conditions and transmit power levels. It is demonstrated that by use of efficient scheduling and resource allocation techniques significant savings in terms of consumed energy can be achieved, without compromising QoS.

Control System Modeling and Optimal Bending Filter Design for KSR-III First Stage (KSR-III 1단 자세제어 시스템 모델링 및 벤딩필터 최적 설계)

  • Ahn, Jae-Myung;Roh, Woong-Rae;Cho, Hyun-Chul;Park, Jeong-Joo
    • Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences
    • /
    • v.30 no.7
    • /
    • pp.113-122
    • /
    • 2002
  • Control system modeling and optimal bending filter design for KSR-III (Korea Sounding Rocket III) are performed. Rigid rocket dynamics, aerodynamics, sloshing, structural bending, actuator dynamics, sensor dynamics and on-board computer characteristics are considered for control system modeling. Compensation for time-varying control system parameters is conducted by gain-scheduling. A filter to stabilize bending mode is designed using parameter optimization technique. Resultant attitude control system can satisfy required frequency domain stability margin.