• 한국안전학회지
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• 제30권6호
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• pp.132-138
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• 2015

This study examined the relative effects of feedback frequency and specificity of Eco-IVIS(eco in-vehicle information system) on the fuel-efficiency and workload. Eighty participants randomly assigned into four experimental groups (high frequency/specific, high frequency/global, low frequency/specific, and low frequency/global feedback) and they drove 16.4Km motorway under the each feedback condition. The dependent variable were fuel efficiency and Drive Activity Load Index which measured participants' subjective ratings of driving workload. The results showed that high frequent feedback was more effective for increasing fuel-efficiency than low frequent feedback, however, there was no significant difference of fuel-efficiency between specific and global feedback. Although, overall DALI score was comparable among four experimental conditions, visual demand score was significant higher under the high frequent feedback condition than low frequent feedback.

• 한국정보과학회논문지:소프트웨어및응용
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• 제33권7호
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• pp.636-645
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• 2006

어떤 용어가 전문적인 개념을 많이 내포하고 있을 때 전문성이 높다고 말한다. 본 논문에서는 용어의 내부 구성정보와 외부 문맥정보를 이용하여 정보이론에 기반한 방법으로 전문용어가 내포하는 전문성을 정량적으로 계산하는 방법을 제안한다. 용어의 전문성은 용어간 상하위어 관계 설정에서 중요한 필요조건으로 사용될 수 있다. 제안한 방법은 전문용어의 내부 구성정보를 이용하는 방법, 문맥정보를 이용하는 방법 그리고 두 정보를 모두 이용하는 방법으로 나눈다. 구성정보를 이용하는 방법에서는 전문용어를 구성하는 단어의 빈도수, 가중치, 바이그램, 내부 수식구조 둥을 이용하고, 문맥정보를 이용하는 방법에서는 전문용어를 수식하는 단어들의 분포를 이용한다. 본 논문에서 제안한 방법은 분야에 독립적으로 적용될 수 있고, 전문용어 생성 절차에 대한 특정을 잘 반영할 수 있는 장점이 있다. MeSH 트리에 포함된 질병 이름의 전문성 값을 계산한 뒤 상위어의 전문성 값과 비교한 결과 82.0%의 정확률을 보였다.

• Journal of Community Nutrition
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.143-150
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• 2002

The objective of this study is to establish outcome validity for three instruments that assess whether subjects met recommendations for daily servings of fruits and vegetables for“Stage of Change”research. A convenience sample of 294 college students was recruited from introductory nutrition classes at Michigan State University in the United States. To measure servings of fruits and vegetables, separately, three types of methods (self-rated intake, 24-hour recall and food frequency) were used in comparison to the servings from a three-day food record, the criterion used. The outcome validity was assessed based on whether or not at least two servings of fruits and three servings of vegetables were reported. Validity was assessed by sensitivity, to measure the ability to detect low intakes, and by specificity, to measure ability to detect adequate intakes. Cohen's kappa was used as well to examine the agreement between the three methods and a three-day food record. The results showed, for fruits, the 24-hour recall had the best agreement (recall 0.54, self-rated : 0.31, food frequency : 0.29) with a three-day food record for servings consumed by people in pre-action or post-action stages. Sensitivity for fruit was also best using a recall (0.81). For vegetables, however, all three methods had low agreement (food frequency : 0.27, recall : 0.21, self-rated : 0.17) with the results of the three-day food record. Self-rated intakes for vegetables had the best sensitivity (0.66) and the food frequency had the best specificity (0.73). Therefore, researcher can use the 24-hour recall method to identify people who consume inadequate servings of fruit. To detect adequate vegetable intake, the food frequency was best of the three methods. Accuracy may be improved by probing for vegetables in mixed dishes and on sandwiches. (J Community Nutrition 4(3)： 143∼150, 2002)

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정밀공학회 2013년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.977-978
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• 2013

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.105-112
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• 1982

Using electronic cochlear implant system, we studied in cats the difference in the response of the brain stem evoked response (BER) during the stimulation with the acoustic signals and the electric signals. These brain stem electric responses were analyzed using the integral pulse frequency modulation method of the auditory nervous system. Animal experimental results and the analysis show that the carrier wave hasimprored the frequency specificity. of the electronic auditory prosthesis.

• 대한전자공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전자공학회 2000년도 하계종합학술대회 논문집(5)
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• pp.163-166
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• 2000

This paper describes the principle of humidity sensor using high frequency resistance method for Hopper-Scale that is used in RPC(Rice processing Complex) which is spreaded out in domestic, and we also understand the principle and specificity of controller and humidity sensor. After artworking the humidity sensor and controller circuit, we measure the humidity of the designed system. In this progress, we suggested substitute parts which are easy to get in domestic and also we could propose correct method of humidity detection.

• 응용통계연구
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.15-22
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• 2013

임상연구나 역학조사에서 $2{\times}2$ 분할표는 요약통계를 표현하는데 매우 유용하게 활용된다. 이때 $2{\times}2$ 분할표의 셀값들은 위험비, 상대위험비, 또는 승산비 등과 같은 척도를 계산하는데 이용된다. 본 논문에서는 민감도, 특이도, 예측도, 우도비와 같은 진단 측도들 간의 관계를 쉽게 이해할 수 있도록 MS-office 액셀을 이용한 방사형 그래프를 통해 시각화하는 개선된 방법을 제안하였다. 몇 가지 수치적 예제를 활용하여 제안된 방법의 활용성을 제시하였다.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제42권4호
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• pp.223-230
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• 2009

Objectives : This study was conducted to validate self-reported smoking among high school students using urinary cotinine. Methods : A self report of smoking behavior was collected together with urine sample for cotinine analysis from 130 male and female students in two vocational high school students in November, 2007. Validity and agreement between self-reported smoking and urinary cotinine was analyzed with STATA 9.0 for different definitions of current smokers, and frequent and daily smokers. Urinary cotinine concentration was measured by the DRI Cotinine Assay for urine (Microgenics Corp., Fremont, CA) on Toshiba 200FR. The cut-off point of urinary cotinine was 50 ng/dl. Results : The concentrations of urinary cotinine were significantly different according to the frequency and amount of smoking. Sensitivity and specificity was 90.9% and 91.8% respectively, and the Cohen s kappa value was 0.787 among the current smokers who smoked at least one day during one month preceding the survey. The comparable high sensitivity, specificity, and kappa value were shown also among the other definitions of current smokers, that is, subjective smokers, and weekly smokers. Conclusions : The results showed the high validity of self-reported smoking among high school students. However, due to the small sample size and limitation of the participants, it is cautious to generalize the results to overall high school students.

• 보건교육건강증진학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.59-67
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• 1991

Cerebrovascular disease have been replaced by neoplasm as first cause of death on 1980's. So, many epidemiological studies on cancer have been reported. However, most of them were performed on beses of biopy data or of histological examination. We had reported that valuable results could be obtained from surgical data for cancer patients, previously. In this paper, 5,103 surgically treated cancer patients in Daegu-Kyungbuk area during 1985-1989 were analyzed in terms of sex, age and organ. Mean age on male cancer patients was increased, but in the case of female, the trend of age distribution is inverse to other reports. It is considered as regional specificity to cancer incidence and it is due to higher frequency of breast and uterine cervical cancer than other areas. Especially, in the case of breast cancer, the mean age of patients was 30's and be considered as most dangerous cancer to famale.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.117-123
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• 2012

The starry flounder Platichthys stellatus, like all flatfish, exhibits conspicuous lateral asymmetry in numerous traits, most obvious of which is the migration of one eye to the other side of the head during metamorphosis. Additional changes related to eye migration include asymmetrical pigmentation, and a behavioral shift from larvae that exhibit upright, open-water swimming to juveniles and adults that lie on the ocean floor, eye side up. However, the morphology of these juveniles has been quite plastic in recent years, a phenomenon which is thought to be related to a diverse suite of semi-intensive and intensive larviculture methods. The cause of morphological abnormalities in the farmed flatfish is poorly understood. In the present study, we observe the features of morphological specificity and abnormality of immature fish (mean total length 23 cm) and survey the occurrence frequency of the specificity and abnormality of juvenile (mean total length 6.70 cm) in artificial culture facility. We find 2 types of abnormality (e.g., albino in ocular side and hypermelanosis in blind side) and 1 type of specificity (e.g., lateral polymorphism). These considerably differ from normal individuals (has sinistral eye and pigmented on only one side) by several characteristics (dextral eye, ocular side albinism, blind side hypermelanosis). The incidences of albinism, hypermelanosis, and body reversal are $10.1{\pm}2.56%$, $91.7{\pm}1.7%$, and $13.1{\pm}1.1%$, respectively. These suggest that these morphometric and morphological differences occur more in artificial environment during and just after metamorphosis.