• The Journal of Information Systems
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.139-159
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• 2014

Recently, theoretical interests in automatic uses, which can be activated without conscious intention, have been increased. According to previous studies, automatic uses are known to be determined by the strength of habit, the frequency of past uses, and emotional experiences such as cognitive absorption. Concerned on the influences of the above three factors on automatic uses, this paper suggested the following research questions: 'Which effect of cognitive absorption on automatic considering habit?' and 'Does the frequency of past uses always influence habit?'. In order to answer the research questions, this study suggested a research model which would explain the relationship among cognitive absorption, habit, and uses. Especially, cognitive absorption is formed as a moderating variable of the relationship between past use and habit, and the relationships among variables are longitudinally expanded. The suggested research model was empirically tested by surveying 175 'Facebook' users and analysed by partial least square (PLS), which showed the suggested hypotheses are significant. This results answered the research questions as followed: First, cognitive absorption moderates the relationship between habit and automatic use. Second, the frequency of past uses would not always influence the formulation of habit rather but may be influenced by habit.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.487-495
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• 2019

Purpose: We aimed to identify associations between the frequency of electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) use and smoking-related characteristics among adolescent smokers. Methods: We used data from the 14th Korea Youth Risk Behavior Survey. The participants were 3,722 smokers who had smoked cigarettes on at least one day during the past 30 days. The frequency of e-cigarette use was defined as the number of days that participants used e-cigarettes during the past 30 days, and was divided into four categories: 0, 1~2, 3~9, and ${\geq}10$ days. We used the $x^2$ test and multinomial logistic regression to examine the associations between the frequency of e-cigarette use and smoking-related characteristics. Results: Those who attempted to quit smoking, had used a heated tobacco product (HTP) at least once, or initiated e-cigarette use before middle school were more likely to use e-cigarettes for 3~9 days in the past 30 days. More frequent e-cigarette use (${\geq}10$ days) was associated with a higher frequency and greater amount of cigarette use, lifetime HTP use, and earlier initiation of e-cigarette use. Conclusion: Smoking-related characteristics differed by the frequency of e-cigarette use. Therefore, intervention programs targeting adolescent smokers should consider differences in smoking-related characteristics based on the frequency of e-cigarette use.

• Asia Pacific Journal of Corpus Research
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.23-34
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• 2021

This research examines Japanese non-native speakers' (JNNS) modal auxiliary verb use from two different perspectives: frequency of use and preferences for modalities. Additionally, error analysis is carried out to identify errors in modal use common among JNNSs. Their modal use is compared to that of English native speakers within a spoken dialogue corpus which is part of the International Corpus Network of Asian Learners' English. Research findings show at a statistically significant level that when compared to native speakers, JNNSs underuse past forms of modals and infrequently convey epistemic modality, indicating the possibility that JNNSs fail to express their opinions or thoughts indirectly when needed or to convey politeness appropriately. Error analysis identifies the following three types of common errors: (1) the use of incorrect tenses of modal verb phrases, (2) the use of inflected verb forms after modals, and (3) the non-use of main verbs after modals. The first type of error is largely because JNNSs do not master how to express past meanings of modals. The second and third types of errors seem to be due to first language transfer into second language acquisition and JNNSs' overgeneralization of the subject-verb agreement rules to modals respectively.

• Journal of the Speleological Society of Korea
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• no.82
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• pp.17-25
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• 2007

The use of a low-frequency cave radio can also verify survey accuracy. A receiving unit on the surface can pinpoint the depth and location of a transmitter in a cave passage by measurement of the geometry of its radio waves. A survey over the surface from the receiver back to the cave entrance forms an artificial loop with the underground survey, whose loop-closure error can then be determined. In the past, caves were reluctant to redraw complex cave maps after detecting survey errors. Today, computer cartography can automatically redraw cave maps after data has been corrected.

• Human Ecology Research
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• v.59 no.4
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• pp.489-500
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• 2021

The purpose of this study was to identify the impact of pornography use among adolescents on their subsequent violent sexual behavior, and to ascertain the moderating effect of family support. The study was conducted with a sample of 2,087 Korean middle and high-school students. To analyze the data, a descriptive analysis, a correlation analysis, and a Poisson regression were conducted using SPSS 24.0. A Poisson regression was performed because the dependent variable, violent sexual behavior, was measured by the frequency of occurrence, and most responses were distributed at '0', indicating a non-normal distribution. The results indicated that 8.1% of adolescents admitted to having sexually violent experiences over the past year, with a relatively high rate of sexual harassment. Secondly, 53.3% of adolescents had used pornography over the past couple of years, with the highest percentage of use occurring via the Internet. Finally, pornography use among adolescents had a significant and direct impact on their sexually violent behavior, with family support playing a moderating role. This indicated that, for adolescents with a high level of family support, the impact of pornography usage on sexually violent behavior decreased. Based on these results, we discuss practical and policy interventions to prevent sexually violent behavior by adolescents.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.20 no.11
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• pp.47-54
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• 2003

Research during the past several years has established the effectiveness of acoustic emission (AE)-based sensing methodologies for machine condition analysis and process. AE has been proposed and evaluated for a variety of sensing tasks as well as for use as a technique for quantitative studies of manufacturing process. STD11 has been known as difficult-to-cut materials. The micro-grooving machine was developed for this study and the experiments were performed using CBN blade for machining STD11. Evaluating the machining conditions, frequency spectrum analysis of acoustic emission (AE) signals according to each conditions were applied. Fuzzy clustering method for associating the preprocessor outputs with the appropriate decisions was followed by frequency spectrum analysis. FFT is used to decompose AE signal into different frequency bands in time domain, the root mean square (RMS) values extracted from the decomposed signal of each frequency band were used as features.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.75-81
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• 2010

This study explored the conceptual framework of dieticians' intentions to recommend functional food and the mediating role of consumption frequency. A web-based survey was designed using a self-administered questionnaire. A sample of Korean dieticians (N=233) responded to the questionnaire that included response efficacy, risk perception, consumption frequency, and recommendation intention for functional foods. A structural equation model was constructed to analyze the data. We found that response efficacy was positively related to frequency of consumption of functional foods and to recommendation intention. Consumption frequency also positively influenced recommendation intention. Risk perception had no direct influence on recommendation intention; however, the relationship was mediated completely by consumption frequency. Dieticians' consumption frequency and response efficacy were the crucial factors in recommending functional foods. Dieticians may perceive risks arising from the use of functional foods in general, but the perceived risks do not affect ratings describing dieticians' intentions to recommend them. The results also indicated that when dieticians more frequently consume functional foods, the expression of an intention to recommend functional foods may be controlled by the salience of past behaviors rather than by attitudes.

• Journal of the Health Care and Life Science
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.135-142
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• 2020

The purpose of this study was to analyze the frequency of use of hospitalization/outpatient care of patients with addresses in Yeongbuk-gu, Gangwon-do to identify the medical demand and status of medical use in Yeongbuk-do. The National Health Insurance Corporation (www.data.go.kr) conducted an analysis of health insurance and medical benefits (inpatient/outpatient) claims data from 2003 to 2017. The order of the highest frequency of chronic disease was ranked from 1st to 60th according to 'Healing Case and %'. In addition, the use of patients at Sokcho Medical Center, the only hospital in the Yeongbuk region, was analyzed at the same time. According to the analysis, the use of outpatient treatment and In-patients in the Yeongbuk area of Gangwon-do is increasing due to chronic non-infectious diseases from the past acute diseases. In particular, it is necessary to expand the functions of schizophrenia and obstetrics and gynecology and to carry out specific health projects necessary for the health care of the local community. Through this, we should improve the quality of life in Yeongbuk, Gangwon Province.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2004.07a
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• pp.63-66
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• 2004

The extraordinary intrinsic properties of SiC have made this material a suitable choice to use in high temperature, high frequency, and high voltage applications. In additional to these, SiC could be employed as the based material for nonvolatile memory applications, mainly due to its extremely low thermal-generation rate at room temperature. In this paper, the reasons of using this material in this particular application is presented and the development of the application over the past fifteen years is reviewed.

• Language and Information
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.81-102
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• 2014

The purpose of this paper is to provide corpus-based quantitative analyses of HEART and HEAD in order to examine their actual usage status and to consider some cognitive linguistic aspects associated with their use. The two corpora COCA and COHA are used for analysis in this study. The analysis of COCA corpus reveals that the total frequency of HEAD is much higher than that of HEART, and that the figurative use of HEART (60%) is two times higher than its literal use (32%); by contrast, the figurative use of HEAD (41%) is a bit higher than its literal use (38%). Among all four genres, both lexemes occur most frequently in fictions and then in magazines. Over the past two centuries, the use of HEART has been steadily decreasing; by contrast, that the use of HEAD has been steadily increasing. It is assumed that the decreasing use of HEART has partially to do with the decrease in its figurative use and that the increasing use of HEAD is attributable to its diverse meanings, the increase of its lexical use, and the partial increase in its figurative use. The analysis of the collocation of verbs and adjectives preceding HEART and HEAD, as well the modifying and predicating forms of HEART and HEAD also provides some relevant information of the usage of the two lexemes. This paper showcases that the quantitative information helps understanding not only of the actual usage of the two lexemes but also of the cognitive forces working behind it.