• Investigative Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.13-19
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• 1999

MRI imaging provides many benefits such as noninvasive, 3-dimensional imaging capabilities. But it has relatively serious drawback that is the long data collection time, compared with other imaging modality. Many studies have been performed for fast MR imaging. But EPI and SEPI (4-6) are required to expensive hardware. In this paper, we introduce to Burst imaging technique. It can reduce imaging time by use of a mulitple RF excitation technique. Further it is easily implemented to the normal MRI system. But a pixel profile in the conventional burst sequence is so poor that excited area by burst sequence is a small portion of a pixel. This causes poor signal to noise ratio in burst image. therefore frequency sweeping of RF pulse for burst imaging sequence is proposed to improve pixel profile. A burst pulse train is shaped by liner or nonlinear frequency sweeping function so that all the spins within a pixel are excited, thereby improving the signal to noise ratio. It also shows that the pixel profiles are dependent on how frequency sweep is made. Computer simulations with Bloch equation and experimental results obtained using a 1.0 T NMR imaging system are presented.

• 소음진동
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.229-239
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• 2000

To reduce the drag rise on the advancing helicopter rotor blade tips, the tip of the blade is modified to have sweep, anhedral and pretwist. The equations of motion of rotor blade with these tip angles were derived using Hamilton principle, programmed using FORTRAN and named as ARMDAS(Advanced Rotorcraft Multidisplinary Design and Analysis System). Rotating frequency analysis of rotor blades with swept tipe was performed that is necessary in conceptual and preliminary design phases of the helicopter design. Vibration analysis of non-rotating blades was also accomplished and compared with MSC/NASTRAN resutls for the basis of comparison with the vibration test data. The rotating frequency analysis of blades with an actual rotor blade data was also performed to verify coded program and to check the possibility of a resonance of an actual rotor blade at the specific rotating speed.

• Composites Research
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.69-76
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• 2001

본 연구에서는 고무의 동탄성계수와 손실계수에 대한 주파수 의존성을 평가하기 위한 새로운 양팔 샌드위치보 시험법을 제안하였다. 고무층이 삽입되어 접착된 양팔샌드위치보 시험편의 횡진동 거동에 대해 유한요소 모달변형률 에너지법을 조합한 사인스위프 시험을 이용하여 분석하고 동적 점 탄성해석시험 및 단순공진시험 결과와 비교 검토하였다. 양팔 샌드위치보의 횡진동 모드에 따라 고무층의 주파수별 동탄성계수와 재료감쇠계수를 측정하고, 이들을 최소자승오차법에 의거하여 주파수의 이차함수로 회귀시켜 평가할 수 있었다.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제26권7호
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• pp.1393-1400
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• 2002

A double cantilever sandwich-beam method has been applied to the evaluation of the frequency dependence of dynamic elastic modulus and material loss factor of EPDM rubbers. The flexural vibration of a double cantilever sandwich-beam specimen with an inserted rubber layer was studied using a finite element simulation in combination with the sine-sweep test. Effects of the rubber layer length on the dynamic characteristics were also investigated: reliable values were measured when the length of the inserted rubber layer was larger than and equal to 50% of the effective specimen length. The values were compared with those obtained by the dynamic mechanical analysis and the simple resonant test. Relationships of the dynamic characteristics of rubbers with frequency could be determined using the least square error method.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2007년도 제38회 하계학술대회
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• pp.1711-1712
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• 2007

액체탱크의 레벨을 정밀측정하는 데 FMCW(Frequency Modulated Continuous Wave)를 이용하고자 한다. 우리는 1GHz 대역폭으로 Sweep하는 Frequency Source Module을 개발하여 테스트 중이다. 개발한 송수신 모듈은 주파수의 송수신을 위한 주요부품들로 구성되는데, VCO(Voltage Controlled Oscillator), 서큘레이터(Circulator), 필터(Filter), 전력분배기(Power Divider), PLL(Phase Locked Loop)제어부, 믹서, 증폭기 등이 그것이다. 이들 부품들이 위치한 RF Board와, 패치로 구성한 안테나를 이용하여 마이크로웨이브 신호를 송수신할 수 있으며, 송수신한 신호 간의 차주파수(beat frequency)성분을 측정하면 거리정보를 획득할 수 있다. 차주파수의 아날로그신호는 DSP를 이용하여 FFT를 수행하여 주파수 성분을 찾아 거리계산을 하도록 개발하였다. 거리 측정의 성능에 영향을 미치는 가장 큰 요소는 안정된 주파수를 만들어 낼 수 있느냐 하는 것이다. 본 논문에서는 제작한 VCO 모듈을 비롯한 개발 중인 각 모듈들을 소개하였다. 향후 VCO의 선형성 개선과, 난반사에 대한 Echo Cancel 알고리듬을 적용하여 제품의 상용화를 목표로 한다.

• 한국인쇄학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.1-14
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• 2005

Generally, printing inks are composed of pigment, vehicle and additive. Among others, the vehicle transfers the pigment to substrate and then binds it on the surface. So, rheological properties of the vehicle are an important factor which has influence on printability. Thus, in this study, rheology of the vehicle was investigated by using rotational rheometer according to molecular weight of resin. Also, emlusion rheology of water in oil type and its microstructure were examined with increasing the shear rate. Consequently, the following results were obtained: (1) By viscometric flow test, zero shear viscosity and shear thinning index of vehicle increased with increasing the molecular weight of resin. (2) By relaxation and creep test, relaxation time and retardation time of vehicle increased with increasing the molecular weight of resin. (3) By frequency sweep test, crossover point of vehicle increased with increasing the molecular weight of resin. (4) G' and G" of emlusions increased with increasing the molecular weight by amplitude sweep test. (5) The shape of water drop in emlusions was changed to the capillary tube.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• 제31권8호
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• pp.970-974
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• 2007

A mixer is a key component in the wireless communication systems. In this paper, we design a mixer which is used in a frequency modulated continuous wave(FMCW) radar system. The frequency sweep range of the radar is from 10 GHz to 11 GHz. The transmitted and received signals of the FMCW radar are applied to LO and RF ports of the mixer, respectively, but the frequency difference between the two signals, which is called "a beat frequency" is under a few KHz and depending on the distance to target. Thus the isolation between the LO and RF ports is very important factor to design this mixer. In this paper we propose a single balanced resistive mixer using GaAs MESFET for this application. We first design a single-ended type resistive mixer using a simulation tool, then design a balanced type to increase the LO-to-RF isolation of the mixer. We fabricated the mixer on the substrate of dielectric constant 10 and thickness 0.635 mm. The measured results show that the isolation and conversion loss of the mixer over the frequency band is 20dB and 10.5dB, respectively. The LO input power for operating the proposed mixer is +3dBm, which is lower than a general conventional mixer's LO power. The 1 dB compression point is 6dBm.

• BMB Reports
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• 제51권1호
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• pp.1-2
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• 2018

Positive selection on a new beneficial mutation generates a characteristic pattern of DNA sequence polymorphism when it reaches an intermediate allele frequency. On genome sequences of African Drosophila melanogaster, we detected such signatures of selection at 37 candidate loci and identified "sweeping haplotypes (SHs)" that are increasing or have increased rapidly in frequency due to hitchhiking. Based on geographic distribution of SH frequencies, we could infer whether selective sweeps occurred starting from de novo beneficial mutants under simple constant selective pressure. Single SHs were identified at more than half of loci. However, at many other loci, we observed multiple independent SHs, implying soft selective sweeps due to a high beneficial mutation rate or parallel evolution across space. Interestingly, SH frequencies were intermediate across multiple populations at about a quarter of the loci despite relatively low migration rates inferred between African populations. This invokes a certain form of frequency-dependent selection such as heterozygote advantage. At one locus, we observed a complex pattern of multiple independent that was compatible with recurrent frequency-dependent positive selection on new variants. In conclusion, genomic patterns of positive selection are very diverse, with equal contributions of hard and soft sweeps and a surprisingly large proportion of frequency-dependent selection in D. melanogaster populations.

• 한국전자파학회논문지
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• 제15권9호
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• pp.820-825
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• 2004

본 논문에서는 TV set-top tuner용으로 사용할 수 있는 옥타브 밴드를 갖는 전압제어 발진기를 설계하였다. 측정 결과, 주파수 튜닝 범위는 0.9 GHz～2.2 GHz로써 1.3 GHz의 발진 대역을 갖는다. 광대역 튜닝과 선형성, 그리고 일정한 위상 잡음 성능을 유지하기 위해 트랜지스터의 베이스와 에미터부에 모두 4개의 배랙터 다이오드를 사용한 것이 특징이다. 개발된 전압제어발진기는 0 V～20 V의 제어 전압과 10 V, 15 mA의 공급 전력을 필요로 한다. 출력 전력은 5.3 dBm을 중심으로 약 $\pm$1.1 dB의 편차를 갖고, 위상 잡음은 전 발진 대역에서 -94.8 dBc/Hz ＠ 10 kHz offset 이하의 값을 보인다. 선형성은 평균적으로 65 MHz/V이고 $\pm$10 MHz의 편차를 보인다.

• 한국정보통신학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국해양정보통신학회 2003년도 추계종합학술대회
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• pp.398-402
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• 2003

본 논문에서는 FMCW레이더 시스템에서 안정된 소스원으로 사용할 수 있는 전압제어 유전체 공진 발진기를 구현하였다. 위상 잡음을 개선하기 위하여 저잡음 특성을 가진 MESFET과 높은 선택도의 유전체 공진기를 사용하였고, 안정된 전압 가변을 하기 위하여 Q값이 높고 가변 특성이 좋은 바렉터 다이오드를 사용하였다. 구현된 회로는 최적의 성능을 갖도록 하모닉 발란시스 시뮬레이션을 사용하였다. 제작된 전압제어 유전체 공진 발진기의 특성을 측정한 결과, 중심 주파수 12.0GHz에서 2.22dBm 출력 파워와 -30dBc의 고조파 억압과 중심 주파수 100kHz offest에서 -130dBc의 매우 좋은 위상잡음 특성을 얻었으며, 바렉터 다이오드에 인가되는 전압의 변화에 따른 주파수 가변 범위는 중심주파수에서 $\pm$18.7MHz를 얻었다. 제작된 VCDRO는 FMCW의 국부 발진기로 이용될 수 있음을 확인하였다.