• 대한수의학회지
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• 제47권2호
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• pp.203-207
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• 2007

Conventional processing of biological materials including nematode parasites for scanning electron microscopy includes fixation with glutaraldehyde and osmium, followed by dehydration in an ascending grade of ethanol, and finally freeze drying. This procedure takes about 8 to 12 h depending on the characteristics of samples. Microwave irradiation of 2,450 MHz enhance the action of cross-linking fixatives and can greatly accelerate various stages of tissue processing. In this study, samples of nematode parasites, Setaria digitata, were fixed by a combination of conventional chemical fixation and the microwave irradiation during the process. The microwave irradiation was also incorporated in the serial dehydration process with ethanol. The complete procedure from the initial fixation to the completion of dehydration with ethanol was reduced to 1 h with good preservation of the ultrastructural details of the specimens.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.257-266
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• 1998

To improve the solubility and dissolution rate of acyclovir (ACV), which is low oral bioavailability due to its properties of slight solubility in water and incomplete gastrointestinal absorption, the solid inclusion complexes of ACV with ${\alpha}CD$, ${\beta}CD$, $DM{\beta}CD$ in molar ratio of 1:1 were prepared by the freeze-drying method. The inclusion complexes were investigated by solubility study, UV, IR and DSC. The dissolution rate of ACV was significantly increased by ACV-CDs inclusion complex formation in artificial intestinal fluid at pH 6.8. The enhanced dissolution rate of ACV could be due to an increase of solubility and the formation of an amorphous structures through inclusion complexation with CDs. Especially, $ACV-DM{\beta}CD$ inclusion complex enhanced the maximum plasma concentration levels and AUC following oral administration compared to those of ACV alone. The present results suggest that $ACV-DM{\beta}CD$ inclusion complex serves as a potential carrier for improving the solubility, the dissolution rate and the bioavailability of ACV.

• 수산해양기술연구
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.185-190
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• 1998

The aim of this study was to develop the artificial trap baits being able to replace the natural anchovy or sardine baits. The fishing trials for evaluating the fishing efficiencies of the artificial baits were conducted with commercial traps at coastal areas near Tongyoung, southern Korea. The preferable artificial baits which were made of minced anchovy, sardine, mackerel, or fish surplus products mixed with wheat flour into dry or wet pelleted or crumbled types, were showed some merits as the following. \circled1 Fishing efficiencies of the artificial baits were same or little higher level than that of the natural bait anchovy; \circled2 bait cost were same or little lower level; \circled3 dry artificial baits stocked in the room condition showed good fishing efficiencies; \circled4 making of artificial baits were very simple; \circled5 there were no harm to the fish and little pollution to the environment; \circled6 the releasing rate of attractants in the artificial or natural bait showed similar patterns. The artificial baits using the fish by-products which were vacuum freeze-drying extract of boiled anchovy or tunas extract, showed lower catches in the conger eel, Coner miriaster, but similar catches in the crabs, mainly Charybdis japonica, to the those of natural anchovy bait.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.36-40
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• 1995

한국산 마의 주요 품종인 D. batatas, D. aimadoimo 및 D. japonica 등 3가지 품종의 일반성분을 분석하여 비교하였고 각 시료들을 동결건조하여 분말로 만든 다음 분획하여 HPLC에 의한 탄수화물의 조성과 함량, DNS법에 의한 환원당을 정량하였다. 탄수화물 중 유리당을 구성하는 주된 조성은 fructose, glucose, sucrose 및 maltose 등이었고 이 중 D. batatas에서는 glucose와 sucrose, D. aimadoimo와 D. japonica에서는 fructose와 sucrose가 가장 많은 부분을 차지하고 있었다. 총당은 주로 mannose와 glucose로 구성 되었고 3가지 품종 모두 mannose가 80% 이상으로, 이는 마가 감자나 고구마보다 끈끈한 점질물로 알려진 mannan이 많기 때문인 것으로 생각된다. Soluble fraction과 전체 마에서의 환원당 정량결과 soluble fraction에서 당함량은 D. aimadoimo가 가장 많았고, insoluble fraction에서 당함량은 D. japonica가 가장 많았다.

• 한국재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국재료학회 2012년도 춘계학술발표대회
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• pp.56.2-56.2
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• 2012

Clinically-favored materials for bone regeneration are mainly based on bioceramics due to their chemical similarity to the mineral phase of bone. A successful scaffold in bone regeneration should have a 3D interconnected pore structure with the proper biodegradability, biocompatibility, bioactivity, and mechanical property. The pore architecture and mechanical properties mainly dependent on the fabrication process. Bioceramics scaffolds are fabricated by polymer sponge method, freeze drying, and melt molding process in general. However, these typical processes have some shortcomings in both the structure and interconnectivity of pores and in controlling the mechanical stability. To overcome this limitation, the rapid prototyping (RP) technique have newly proposed. Researchers have suggested RP system in fabricating bioceramics scaffolds for bone tissue regeneration using selective laser sintering, powder printing with an organic binder to form green bodies prior to sintering. Meanwhile, sintering process in high temperature leads to bad cost performance, unexpected crystallization, unstable mechanical property, and low bio-functional performance. The development of RP process without high thermal treatment is especially important to enhance biofunctional performance of scaffold. The purpose of this study is development of new process to fabricate ceramic scaffold at room temperature. The structural properties of the scaffolds were analyzed by XRD, FE-SEM and TEM studies. The biological performance of the scaffolds was also evaluated by monitoring the cellular activity.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.170-180
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• 2013

This study was conducted to evaluate the antioxidant activity of oven-dried ($60^{\circ}C$) tomato powder (TP) as affected by water solubility and to evaluate the effects of TP on the physico-chemical properties, and antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of emulsified pork sausages with two levels of TP (1% and 2 %). After fresh tomatoes were homogenized and dried at $60^{\circ}C$ oven, they were extracted by stirring with water. Then, the aqueous solution was filtered, and water soluble and insoluble tomato powders were obtained with freeze drying. In experiment I, total phenolic contents in oven-dried tomato powder, water soluble and insoluble powder were more than 2 g/100 g. The radical scavenging activity and iron-chelation ability of the water-insoluble extracts were higher than those of dried TP and water-soluble extracts. In experiment II, pH values and Hunter L values of pork sausages formulated with TP were reduced. However, hunter a and b values were higher than those of the control, and those effects were increased with increased levels of TP. 2-Thiobarbituric acid reactive substance values of pork sausages containing TP were lower than that of the control during refrigerated storage, regardless of the TP level. These results indicated that TP could be used as a natural color agent and antioxidant in meat products without defects.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.110-115
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• 1994

To investigate the effect of potato lipoxygenase on the farinograph characteristics of wheat flour dough, composite flours containing enzyme-active potato flor (EPF) and hot-ar dried potato flour(HPF) were used. EPF was made by freeze-drying potato tuber. DPF (denaturated potato flour) was prepared by holding EPF at 8$0^{\circ}C$ for 18 hr in a dry oven. The potato flours were added to wheat flour at a level of 10% , respectivley. EPFB (enzyme-active potato flour blends, 90% wheat flour +105 enzyme -active potato flour) containing lipoxygenase activity gave higher farinogram peak time and higher stability values, lower MTI (mixing tolerance index ) and lower weakness values than those of HPFB(hot-air potato flour blends, 90% wheat flour + 10 % hot-air potato flour). Moreover, then lipoxygenase was added to DPFB(denatured potato flour blends , 90% wheat flour + 10% denatured potato flour) at a level of EPFB, it resulted in increasing stability, peak time and decreasing MTI , weakness at a level of EPFB. When the lipoxugenase was added to wheat flour with fumaric acid at alevel of 6.5 $\times$ 10units/g flour, lipoxygenase overcame the deleterious effects that fumaric acid including activated double-bond compounds have at mixing stability. Also the addition of liposxygenase with linoleic acid to defatted wheat flour resulted in the increase in stability and decrease in MTI value compared with those of linoleic acid and defatted wheat flour.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.76-83
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• 1992

Effect of freeze drying leek against cadmium poisoning on glutathione peroxidase, on glutathione reductase and on glutathione-s-transferase in liver, kidney and testes of the male rats during the administered period. In this experiment, male rats of Sprague-Dawley strain were used. The rats which were fed for 15 weeks were divided into 4 groups basal diet 3% leek added diet basal diet and cadmium in water and 3% leek added diet and cadmium in water. Cadmium was administered ad libitum 100ppm CdCl$_{2}$ in distilled water. The followings are the result of this experiment. 1. Leek enhanced the glutathione peroxidase activities which were reduced by cadmium treatment in liver, kidney and testes but not significance. 2. Leek reduced glutathione reductase activities which were incresed by cadmium in liver, kidney and testes. 3. Leek incresed the activities of glutathfone-s-transferase in liver but not in kidney and but not in testes. 4. Leek incresed glutathione concentration which was decresed by cadmium treatment in liver and kidney but not testes. This experiment showed that leek-addition group had protective effect against cadmium poisoning and alleviated GR and glutathione-s-transferase activities in tissues. Leek incresed activities of glutathione peroxidase in liver, kidney and testes but not significance. Therefore, this experiment concluded that leek defensive power against long term cadmium poisoning.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.162-165
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• 2003

The enzyme activity and the micronutrient content of powdered raw meal (PRM) and powdered processed meal (PPM) were compared. PRM was made of freeze-dried cereals, fruits, and vegetables. PPM was made of the same materials as PRM, but with heat processing such as steaming, roasting and hot air drying. The activity of $\alpha$-amylase of PRM was higher than that of PPM. However there were no differences of the concentration of proximate components between PRM and PPM. The concentrations of vitamin A, C, folic acid, biotin, calcium, potassium, sodium and iron in PRM were higher than in PPM, but there were no differences in vitamins E, B$_1$, B$_2$, phosphorus and zinc. This research demonstrated that PRM retains greater nutritional value because there is higher enzyme activity and less loss of micronutrients during processing in PRM than in PPM.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.302-306
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• 2012

Bacterial cellulose based actuator with large displacement was developed for biomimetic robots. Bacterial cellulose has 3D nanostructure with high porosity which was composed of the nanofibers. Freeze dried bacterial cellulose was dipped into ionic liquid solution such as 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium(BMIMCl) to enhance the actuation performance due to increase the ionexchange capacity and ionic conductivity. And Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-poly (styrnenesulfonate)(PEDOT:PSS) was used for the electrodes of both side of bacterial cellulose actuator by dipping and drying method. The FT-IR and XRD were conducted to examine the electrochemical changes of developed bacterial cellulose actuator. The biomimetic caudal fin was designed using bacterial cellulose actuator and PDMS to verify the possibility for biomimetic robot. The step and harmonic response were conducted to evaluate the performance of developed biomimetic actuator.