• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.132-141
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• 2015

Fall-arrest systems(maximum arrest force and allowable free-fall) have been widely applied to provide a safe stop during fall incidents for various industrial activities. Fabric structure affects on the mechanical properties of shock energy absorber. The object of this study is to perform the basic research for the evaluation of the capacity of fall arrest energy absorber in relation to the different interlace yarn density. In this work, pack style energy absorber was prepared by weaving 10 types(Interlace yarn density used high tenacity PET 1000D : 60, 59, 58, 57, 56, 55, 54, 53, 52, 51). The paper presents the results of theoretical investigations of the performance of adjustable absorber during fall arrest. Dynamic load tests based on the EU fall protection equipment standard(CE : EN355:2002) were conducted. Results showed that the maximum arrest force by dynamic load test of energy absorber was satisfied with global standard(below 6,000N). Also, Maximum allowable free-fall of energy absorber showed below 1.75m.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.50 no.2
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• pp.59-80
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• 2000

In February 1947, Christian Dior startled the world with his spring collection. He transformed the unflattering square shouldered outline of women's wartime fashion overnight. It was not only fashion that made a pivotal point for opulence and elegance, The style of architecture, furniture, glass, and silverware also made a radical change. The new style emerged after war called " organic modernism'. This study is to define the visual characteristics of fashion, architecture, furniture and craft after World War II and examine the social factors and aesthetics that generated a new style. The common asthetic characteristics are freedom, abstraction of symbolic from, asymmetry, and exaggeration of form. The social factors, values and aesthetics are economic reconstruction and renaissance of design , technical development and new materials, fredom and optimistic view after the holocaust of war, and organic aesthetics and humanism.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.19-26
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• 2008

1) Lishu village is located in a riverside of an upper Tu-men river. Since an upper tream of Tu-men river is narrow and easy to pilot a boat, early in the past, it facilitated the form of the village near to the North Korea. 2) As for elevation, it consisted of only doors, but as time goes by, windows were made. So windows and doors were appearing much in the elevation. In 1970s', elevations are constructed in various ways; in 1980, attributed to brick housing, the elevations become much more diverse; from 1990, symmetrical elevation was revealed which consists of one door and two windows in each side of a door after 2000, the structure of the housing restored of 1930s' style which contained one window in Jungji and 1970s' style consisting of 3 windows, moreover, many free-style elevations appeared to be commercial use.

• International conference on construction engineering and project management
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• 2009.05a
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• pp.970-977
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• 2009

Organizational personnel must have well-developed interpersonal skills to deal with the different stakeholders and departments, to work at different levels in the hierarchy, and to meet varying performance requirements. Many leadership development and mentoring programs are designed to expose students as well as construction professionals to contemporary leadership techniques and skills. Leadership skills generally separate into three decision-making styles with varying degrees: 1) Autocratic, 2) Participate, and 3) Free-rein. This paper describes the study of leadership styles among 174 construction professionals and addresses the most appropriate leadership style for a project executive and a project manager in relation to compare with the characteristic leadership style and job functions. The study supports the growing importance of leadership skills as a component of managerial functions and provides a benchmark to identify a dominant leadership skill for a specific managerial position.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.644-652
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• 2010

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship among life style, body composition and Bone Mineral Density (BMD) in community dwelling Korean adults. Methods: Data were collected from 140 adults who participated in a health check-up program at community health departments in D city, Choong-chung providence. Subjects' life style was assessed with a structured interview survey. Body composition analyses were performed by the bioimpedence method and BMD was measured by peripheral dual energy X-ray absorptionmetry. Results: Among the subjects, 39.3% showed normal BMD values, 50.7% were osteopenic and 10% were assessed as osteoporotic. BMD was significantly different by gender, age, education, economic status and BMI. Subjects who had three or more meals/day had higher BMD then who had less than three meals (t=-2.273, p=.026). BMD was not influenced by regular exercise, alcohol consumption, or smoking. In terms of body composition, there was a significant relationship between fat free mass and BMD (r=.172, p=.043). Conclusion: Implementing an osteoporosis prevention program would be warrented considering the significant proportion of osteopenic or osteoporotic subjects. Regular eating habit with three meals for adequate nutrition need to be emphasized to prevent further bone loss in this population. Among the body composition, fat free mass seem to be the mostly predicting factor for BMD.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.95-109
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• 2010

The goal of this dissertation is to analyze the formative characteristic and the aesthetic values of Romantic style. To attain the goal of this study, the selected objects are the Romantic styles that were prevalent from the 1830s to the 1880s. The methodology for this study consists of literary research, aesthetics, dress and case study based upon the analysis of the 19th century dress. Based upon the theoretical study, two results are derived from the analysis of Romantic style in $19^{th}$ century dress. First, the formative characteristics of Romantic style dress are suppression of body, fixed form, volume, and ornamentation. The suppression of body is embodied by two ways. One is tightening body parts, such as the off-the-shoulder line and the corset, and the other is applying weights on body through the wearing of layers of petticoat, crinoline and bustle. The characteristic of the fixed form created the fixed silhouettes of women's dress, for example, an X-silhouette formed with wide shoulders created by big puffed sleeves, narrow waist by corset, and wide hemline of voluminous skirt and petticoats. In addition to the X-silhouette, the bustle style created fixed h-silhouette. Volume in the women's dress were visually expressed by big puffed sleeves, a huge skirt and petticoat made with gathers, pleats and flounces, crinolines and a bustle. Ornamentation was used to express an elegant and fantastic style not only by using luxurious materials in various colors and patterns, but also by applying sumptuous details and trimmings. Second, the aesthetic values of Romantic style dress are subordination, sensuality, and maternity. Women's dress of the 19th century not only restricted free movement and symbolized men's wealth and status, but also was used as an important tool for seducing men by exposing and accentuating the sexual body, thus becoming a symbol of fertility as a metaphor of pregnancy and uterus. These aesthetic values represented in dress incorporated the contemporary requirements of women of the time.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.16 no.3 s.43
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• pp.233-242
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• 1992

This study primarily concentrates on the Fashion Style of the New Generation which has come into being in 1980 with reference to the contents of the newspaper and magazine in 1950's. . The New Generation has undergone the social and cultural change under the effect of mass communication, mass consumption brought by the economic development, sports boom promoted during the period of Asian Games and Seoul Olympic Games and the adoption of the policy for the autonomous school uniform. In the process of the social and cultural change, they have the common peculiarity such as sensitivity, anthoritarianism and polarity and they have taken an important part in the development of the 'Young Fashion' The characteristics of their fashion styles are divided into three periods as follows; 1. The rising period (1980-1982): The most important pecuriality of the first step can be sum up to the following point. The free fashion style replaced the formal one such as T-shirt or casual wear comes into as a everyday dress. Moreover, many people become interested in the New Fashion which is gradually diversified and high-qualified. As a natural consequence, the lively interest of the people has brought into the appearance and competition of the New Brand in fashion industry 2. The growing period (1983-1986): Mannish Look, so-called 'New Fashion' gained the summit of the fashion and change over conservatively. However, 'Mannish Look' have great effect on the Fashion Style until now on. Specially in Korea, 'Punk Style'and 'Androgynous Look' can be an example among many. 3. The diversifying period (1987-1989): The Fashion Style has developed variously even though the Reactionism takes the lead as the main current of the Korean Fashion. Moreover, it is noticeable that man comes into the stage as a new fashion group and the fashion market begins to dear in various lines of goods with moderate and low prices. These various aspects can be regarded as diversification in the Fashion Style as the needs in the times and society.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.211-227
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• 1999

This study was planned and carried out in an attempt to investigate health status and life style. Using a guidline developed by the researcher open-ended interviews were done with a hundred and sixty Korean elderly people, from April 17, through June 2, 1988. The data were analyzed by frequencies, means, percentile scores and Chisquare-test. Major health deviations identified are ; arthritis, blood pressure discrepancies, neuralgia, and powerlessness. Discomfort in relation to elimination(75%) and to rest-activity, especially to the activities of daily living(78%) are experienced ; 11% revealed to be in need of assistance from others. One or more sensory discrepancies are complained by 75% of the subjects. Only 20% of the subjects reported being satisfied with the life-time achievements. Factors revealed that 'descendants' were the major source of pleasure. Leisure hours were spent mostly 'watching TV' 'Healthy life', 'harmonious family life' and 'frequent communication with the family' were the three most frequent wishes towards their family members. 'Insurance for ageing', 'free health care', 'work', 'cultural facilities' and 'warm attention' were the request toward the society.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.530-540
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• 1999

The purpose of this study was to investigate the life style, self-efficacy, and Bone Marrow Density (BMD) in osteoporosis female patients. The subjects were recruited at the four Osteoporosis Clinics. A convenience sample of 190 women completed a survey instrument which included the Osteoporosis Self-Efficacy Questionnaire, Life Style Questionnaire and demographic items. BMD of L$_4$ was measured by Dual Photon Absor photiometry. The sample ranged in age from 40 to 82 years (Mean＝60.28). Eighty-one percent were married and 14.9% were widowed. Forty-four percent lived with their spouse and children. Excercise, diet, medication, alcohol consumption, and smoking were measured to investigate the life style. Fifty-seven percent of the subjects exercised regularly. Mountain climbing, brisk walking, and free gymnastics were frequently cited excercises by the subjects in this study. Sixty percent drank one cup of milk and 34.7% had 1.13 cups of coffee in a day. Thirty-nine percent used calcium supplements, 9.5% drank alcohol, and 3.2% smoked cigarettes. Economic status and education level were related to self-efficacy. Age, economic status, and education level were related to BMD. As a life style, exercise, diet(milk, ice cream, and coffee), and medication(calcium) were associated with self-efficacy. The subjects who exercised regularly and took calcium supplements for a longer time had a higher level of self-efficacy than those who did not. Smoking and alcohol consumption had no relationship with self-efficacy. Excercise, medication(calcium), and alcohol consumption were related to BMD. The subjects who took calcium supplements for a longer time had a higher level of BMD. Alcohol consumption was not related to self-efficacy but related to BMD. The subject who drank alcohol had a higher level of BMD than those who did not drink. The amount of alcohol consumption was positively related to BMD.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.35 no.6
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• pp.1183-1189
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• 2005

Objectives : This descriptive study was conducted to examine the degree of stress, coping styles, communication with the mother and depression between headache-suffering children and headache-free children and to explore predicted factors for headache occurrence in children. Method : The subjects of this study consisted of 196 headache-free children and 107 headache-suffering children. They were 4th-6th graders of an elementary school in T city. The instruments in this study were David's stressor of children, Lazarus & Folkman's Stress Coping Style, PACI(Parent-Adolescent Communication Inventory) by Barnes & Olsen and Kovac's CDI (Children's depression inventory). Data were collected from May 2 to July 16, 2004. Results : Total stress(t=-3.76, p=.035), school stress(t=-3.02, p=.001), mass media stress(t=-1.39, p=.029) and depression(t=7.62, p=.001) in headache-suffering children were significantly higher than those of headache-free children. Problem-oriented coping skills (t=1.23, p=.023), and the score of communication with the mother(t=2.32, p=.012) in headache-suffering children were lower than those of headache-free children. Logistic regression analysis (stepwise) showed that the most powerful predictor was stressors in school, followed by depression, stressors in mass media and communication with the mother. Conclusions: This study revealed that important factors such as the degree of school stress, depression, the degree of mass media stress, communication with the mother and problem-oriented coping skills should be controlled for reducing of headaches in children.