• 유통과학연구
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.35-46
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• 2015

Purpose - This paper attempted to investigate the relationships among the perception of job insecurity and organizational effectiveness, and it examines these relationships while considering the moderating effect of trust in the manager and self-efficacy. Job insecurity is an independent variable, organizational effectiveness aspects (job satisfaction, organizational commitment, and turnover intention) are dependent variables, and trust and self-efficacy are moderators. Research design, data, and methodology - Regression analysis was used to verify the effects. The measurement items were already deemed as reliable and valid in the previous study, but for this purpose, some modifications were made. To examine the model, this study relied on the samples chosen from Korean employees in the six franchise business firms. The survey was conducted on 288 workers. Each question is based on a 5-point Likert type scale. The data were analyzed using SPSS 18.0. Results - The results of the study are summarized as follows. First, job insecurity has an influence on organizational effectiveness aspects (negatively on job satisfaction, negatively on organizational commitment, and positively on turnover intention). Second, analyzing the moderating effect of trust, trust in manager is mediated between job insecurity and organizational effectiveness aspects (on organizational commitment and on turnover intention). However, employees' trust in manager had no significant moderating effect on the job insecurity-job satisfaction relationship. Third, self-efficacy is mediated between job insecurity and organizational effectiveness aspects (on job satisfaction, on organizational commitment, and on turnover intention). Conclusions - First, it is necessary to be aware of the seriousness of employees' job insecurity in franchise firms, which have played a pivotal role in national economic growth, and to create a detailed plan for reducing insecurity and actively implementing it. To this end, the franchise companies should implement efficiency efforts such as obtaining an appropriate capacity of equipped personnel and a training program. Second, there are moderating effects of self-efficacy and trust in the relationship between job insecurity and organizational effectiveness. Depending on business conditions, stability and instability can only be experienced in the organizations of franchise companies. This can give rise to instability in employment. Therefore, it is necessary to develop and utilize a system that can be minimized with a change in the new awareness of employment instability. After all, a good leader (manager) must accumulate personal trust and build up a core competence that is necessary to become competent in the field himself. Even if you lack the material resources to improve performance, if the leader with the core competencies (e.g., technical/management /organization/marketing/design) can gain the trust of the supervisor, you can get a good organizational performance. Therefore, you should foster a healthy organizational culture through education such as leadership training and employee training to be built on trust between the leaders and the employees. In addition, you need to focus on HRD&M training in order to increase the self-efficacy of the supervisor.

• 한국유통학회지:유통연구
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.33-75
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• 2011

가맹본부는 자신의 전략적 선택에 의해 소유구조를 결정한다. 자원희소이론, 대리이론, 거래비용이론, 혼합소유이론 등 경제학과 경영학 분야의 다양한 이론은 가맹본부가 경제적 효율성을 높이고 수익 잠재력과 생존가능성을 극대화하기 위해 소유구조를 선택하는 것으로 보고 있다. 본 연구는 소유구조에 관한 다양한 이론을 가맹본부의 전략적 선택 관점에서 비교 설명하는 한편, 기존 이론에서 프랜차이즈 시스템의 소유구조를 결정하는 핵심변수로 다루어지고 있는 가맹본부의 역사, 규모, 거래특유투자, 불확실성, 위험공유성향 등이 직영점 비율에 미치는 영향이 이론에 따라 상이할 수 있음을 가설의 형태로 제시하고 이를 실증분석을 통해 검증하고 있다. 국내 543개 프랜차이즈 브랜드에 대한 정보공개서 자료 분석결과, 가맹본부의 존속기간, 종업원 수, 영업개시 소요기간, 가맹사업기간 역수, 로열티 부과여부는 직영점 비율과 긍정적 관계를 맺는 반면 총점포수와 가맹점의 지리적 분산도는 부정적인 관계를 맺는 것으로, 초기투자규모와 가맹계약기간 역수는 유의적인 관계를 맺지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구는 이러한 분석 결과를 토대로 프랜차이즈 시스템의 소유구조와 관련한 이론 및 방법론적 시사점을 제시하고 있다.

• 유통과학연구
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.21-40
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• 2006

본 연구는 중소형 프랜차이즈 시스템이 시장에서 급격하게 생겨남에 따라 유통시스템에서 발생되는 가맹본부와 가맹점 사이의 갈등에 대해 가맹점 입장에서 겪게 되는 다수의 갈등을 토대이론 접근법을 활용하여 좀 더 깊이 있게 파악하였으며, 그 갈등 요인 해소를 위해 본부와 가맹점이 어떻게 해야 하는지 몇 가지를 제언하였다. 연구결과, 가맹점의 갈등은 크게 11가지로 입지 선정 및 상권 유지의 문제, 매출 규모별 차별대우, 계약에 의한 주종관계로 인식, 예고 없는 ITEM(메뉴) 변경 및 공급량 감소, 일방적인 인테리어 공급자 선정, 현금 지급 및 신용여신운영 미실시, 자율 경영의 통제, 비효율적인 커뮤니케이션, 비합리적인 납기문제, 일방적인 정책 운영, 일관되지 않은 지원 등으로 구분되었다. 이러한 갈등을 최소화하고 더 나은 경로성과를 창출하기 위해서 본부의 인식 전환과 Win-Win 할 수 있는 공동의 목표 수립이 본부와 가맹점 모두에게 필요하다. 또한 가맹점은 본부의 강력한 지원을 제공받으며 차별화 된 노하우로 지역 상권의 특성을 살려 나름대로의 전문성을 강화하여 자기 상권에 맞는 서비스를 차별 제공함으로써 스스로 경쟁력을 갖추어 나가야 할 것이다.

• 한국프랜차이즈경영연구
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.27-39
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• 2018

Purpose - Recently, the mobile application field has been receiving astronomical attention from the past few years due to the growing number of mobile app downloads and withal due to the revenues being engendered. Especially delivery apps by mobile service market is experiencing rapid growth and competition is intensifying. Therefore, delivery apps' choice attributes has become important as a strategy for survival of franchise firms. Based on previous studies, this research proposed the theoretical framework about the structural relationships among customer satisfaction, trust and revisit intention on delivery apps' choice attributes. Research design, data, and methodology - This study examines the structural relationship between choice attributes of using the delivery app, satisfaction, trust, and revisit intention. More specifically, this study has been examined from the perspective of Generation Y who is enjoying electronic commerce and shopping with mobile phone. In this model, choice attributes of delivery app consists of three sub-dimensions such as service quality, system quality, interaction quality. So as to test the purposes of this study, research model and hypotheses were developed. After excluding 24 invalid respondent questionnaires, 201 valid questionnaires were coded and analyzed using frequency, confirmatory factor analysis, correlations analysis, and structural equation modeling with SPSS 21 and SmartPLS 3.0. Result - The results of the study are as follows. First, service quality and interaction quality had positive effects on satisfaction, and interaction quality had positive effects on trust, but system quality did not have a significant effect on both satisfaction and trust. Second, satisfaction had positive effects on both trust and revisit intention. Third, trust had positive effects on revisit intention. Conclusions - The implications of this study are following as: From the theoretical perspective, this study confirms the effect of delivery apps' choice attributes on satisfaction, trust, and revisit intention. In addition, it is significant that we examined the influence of choice attributes of delivery apps on their attitudes and behaviors of Generation Y familiar with mobile environment. Through this study, we hypothesized that the attributes of service quality and interaction quality of delivery apps have a significant effect on customer satisfaction, and this can be expected to provide meaningful implications for the development of franchise restaurant industry. To encourage continuous repurchase through customer satisfaction, franchise companies need to establish various strategic alliances with delivery app companies and new growth engines by providing diverse and high-quality services to customers in the smart age.

• 한국의상디자인학회지
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.173-189
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• 2015

The purpose of this study is to present the classification and operation systems of fashion offline stores. This research analyzed fashion literatures, articles and papers published by fashion-related companies and interviewed fashion practitioners. This research can be used as information for practitioners of the domestic fashion brand and students of fashion majors. The classification and operation systems of fashion offline stores are as follows. 1. The types of fashion offline store is classified as a form of road shop, department store, complex shopping center, select shop, outlet, and fashion wholesale retail specialty store. 2. The road shop is classified flagship store, franchise store, direct sales store, and street brand store. 3. The department store is recently using strategy to improve the profit rate, as setting up the select shop, expand the import contemporary brand stores, the men's brand stores, SPA brand stores, the street brand stores, and the soho internet shopping mall brands instead of reducing the national brands. 4. Most forms of fashion offline stores enhanced the functions to combine the catering, cultural activities and purchasing the lifestyle-related products, as well as fashion items. 5. The types of the operation system in fashion offline stores is classified as direct operations, franchise operations, middle management operations, and fully insert operations. 6. Franchise operations are tended to decline, however middle manager operations are overwhelming.

• 한국프랜차이즈경영연구
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.35-49
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• 2021

Purpose: The major objective of this study is to develop a model for the impact of franchisors' Gapjil (verbal·nonverbal Gapjil, abusing bargaining position, refusing transaction, false or exaggerated information, restrictive practices, unfair damage compensation) on franchisee's recontract intention. We also examine the mediating role of economic satisfaction and social satisfaction in the relationship between franchisors' Gapjil and franchisee's contract intention. Research design, data, and methodology: Data were collected from franchisee owners located nationwide in Korea. Out of 256 questionaires distributed, a total of 256 questionnaires were returned. After excluding 10 invalid respondent questionnaires, we coded and analyzed 246 valid questionnaires (effective response rate of 96.09%) using frequency, confirmatory factor analysis, correlations analysis, and structural equation modeling with SPSS 22.O and SmartPLS 3.0. Results: The findings of this study are summarized as follows: First, among the Gapjil of the franchisors, restrictive practices and unfair damage compensation had negative effects on economic and social satisfaction, but verbal and nonverbal Gapjil for economic and social satisfaction was not significant. Second, abusing bargaining positions and false or exaggerated information had negative effects on social satisfaction, but for economic satisfaction, found to be insignificant. Third, economic and social satisfaction had positive effects on the franchisee's recontract intention to the franchisor. Conclusion: The following implications of this study are as follows. First, the construct of Gapjil that occurs between the franchisors and the franchisees was first presented, and the franchisors' Gapjil is divided into interpersonal Gapjil and structural Gapjil. Second, the Gapjil of the franchisors can be an important predictor variable in maintaining and developing a long-term relationship between the franchisors and the franchisees. Third, solving conflict due to the Gapjil problem between franchisors and franchisees can be an important factor for franchisors and franchisees to co-survive and thrive in Korean franchise system. Fourth, this study suggest that managing the Gapjil of the franchisors was a important antecedent factor in maintaining long-term relationship between the franchisors and the franchisees. Therefore, this study will help franchisors formulate effective symbiotic marketing strategies to satisfy relationships with franchisees and consequently enhance long-term orientation.

• 한국프랜차이즈경영연구
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.35-44
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• 2021

Purpose: This study examines the opportunism moderating effect by the startup experience in the relationship between franchisor and franchisees. In the case of a franchise system that has a continuous relational exchange transaction, relationship management is a very important activity because the relationship management between franchisor and franchisees improves the quality of the relationship. Nevertheless, there is insufficient of research on opportunism, which is a negative factor in managing the relationship between franchisor and franchisees in continuous relationship. Research design, data and methodology: This study, we explore the cause of opportunism based on transaction cost theory through prior research and establish a research model based by goal incongruity, uncertainty, information asymmetry, transaction specific assets, the relevance to determinant of opportunism and the startup experienced which is a moderating variable. To verify several hypotheses, the data were collected from 300 out of 1,760 domestic franchisees and analyzed using multiple regression analysis with SPSS program. Results: The findings are as follows. Goal incongruity did not affect opportunism. Opportunism increased as uncertainty increased, and as information asymmetry increased, opportunism increased. An opportunism decreased as transaction specific assets increased. Moreover, the findings show that startup experience only plays a moderating role in the relationship between information asymmetry and opportunism. Therefore, 4 out of 8 hypotheses were supported. Conclusions: The findings show that uncertainty, information asymmetry, and transaction specific assets are the determinants of opportunism. In addition, the results of the analysis of the moderating role of startup experience show that the less entrepreneurial experience, the greater the influence of information asymmetry on opportunism. Our findings mean that maintaining a successful relationship between franchisors and franchisees is possible when franchisors provide knowledge sharing, goal sharing, environmental sharing, and management information sharing to franchisees. In addition, the findings of this study shows that the contract content and management should be changed according to the entrepreneurial experience. In other words, the franchisors must share and integrate the accumulated franchisees' and franchisors' experience with the franchisees to create a synergy that can lead to successful bilateral relationship maintenance, which in turn reduces opportunism.

• 무역학회지
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• 제42권5호
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• pp.1-18
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• 2017

본 연구는 가맹본부의 과도한 통제로 인하여 가맹점사업자가 독립적 사업자가 아닌 피용자로 전환될 수 있음을 시사한 Williams v. Jani-king of Philadelphia Inc. 사건을 고찰하였다. 이 사건에서 법원은 가맹점사업자의 지위를 판단하기 위해 계약상 가맹본부가 행하는 통제의 성격이 유일하고 명백한 증거라고 판단하였으나 계약상 내용뿐만 아니라 실질적으로 가맹본부가 가맹점 사업자에게 행사는 통제의 정도도 함께 고려되어야 할 필요성이 있다. 또한 계약상 통제의 성격을 판단함에 있어 그 기준이 명료하지 않기 때문에 가맹점사업자의 지위 판단이 상황에 따라 달라질 수 있으므로 기존의 가맹사업상 내제된 통제와 그 이상의 일상적인 관리상 통제로 구분하여 가맹점사업자의 지위를 판단하는 것이 적절할 것이다.

• 한국프랜차이즈경영연구
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.31-38
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• 2018

Purpose - In recent years, many companies include franchises have acquire customers by making an online stores and they are carrying out permission marketing activities with e-mail and SMS. Permission marketing requires voluntary customer approval for receiving commercial messages such as cross-selling and upselling. Therefore, it is necessary for the business to induce the customer's acceptance. The purpose of this study is to examine which type of different messages can affect higher in consumer persuasion. Thus, we investigated the impact of descriptive norm message on intention of reception in an online store context, and its interaction with chronic regulatory focus. Research design, data, and methodology - This study hypothesized that the descriptive norm message would affect positive influences to consumers' intension of reception. Specially, this study inquired into whether the interaction effect between descriptive norm and regulatory focus. To verify the hypothesis, we conducted 2 × 2 between-subject factorial design with message type (general message and descriptive norm message) and regulatory focus(promotion focus and prevention focus) as independent variables. Participants of the experiment were assigned to one of 2 kind experimental situations randomly according to characteristics of message type. A total of 131 participants (descriptive norm message: 65, general message: 66) responded for this study. The data were analyzed using frequency analysis, exploratory factor analysis, and two-way ANOVA. Result - The results of the study are as follows. First, we found main effects of the descriptive norm message. The intention of reception were significantly higher in the descriptive norm message rather than general message as in previous researches. Second, interaction effect between the descriptive norm message and regulatory focus was significant. The prevention focus (vs. promotion focus) were hight in a positive behavior intention when the descriptive norm message was given. Conclusions - This study verifies the main effect and interaction effect of descriptive norm message and regulatory focus on the consumers' intention of reception in permission marketing, and persuasive message in the online store context. The results of this study will provide various advantages to companies that want to establish long lasting relationship with customers by carrying out permission marketing in the future.

• 한국프랜차이즈경영연구
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.79-102
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• 2012

본 연구는 대형마트, 기업 형 슈퍼마켓 (SSM) 에 대한 출점 및 영업규제를 2009년 이전과 2009년 이후로 구분하여 연구하였다. 대형마트, 기업 형 슈퍼마켓 입장에서 영업 및 출점규제 법률시행에 따른 향후영향 및 대응 방안과 대안을 제시 하고자한다. 특히 2009년 이후 기업 형 슈퍼마켓의 출점 증가로 중소상인 보호를 위하여 유통법이 개정되어 출점과 영업규제 법률이 통과되고 조례제정을 통하여 규제가 현실화되었다. 이러한 법 개정이 외국사례와 국제법과 비교해서 그 타당성의 여부를 확인하고 향후방향을 제시했으며 실질적인 영세 상인임에도 오히려 과잉규제 대상이 된 프랜차이즈 슈퍼마켓 가맹점의 선의에 피해에 대한 법률적 구제방안도 제안하고자 한다. 본격적인 규제시행으로 유통업계는 해외진출 가속화, 유통업자 상표개발확대, 해외소싱상품 개발 등 경쟁력 강화를 위한 방안을 강구하고 중소상인과 대기업간의 상생모델인 프랜차이즈 가맹사업으로 사업방향을 전환하여 실질적인 상생협업모델을 추진하고 상생협력도 구축하면서 지속적인 성장을 추구해야한다.