• 제목/요약/키워드: FoxM1

검색결과 34건 처리시간 0.038초

Generalizations of Ramanujan's Integral Associated with Infinite Fourier Cosine Transforms in Terms of Hypergeometric Functions and its Applications

  • Qureshi, Mohammad Idris;Dar, Showkat Ahmad
    • Kyungpook Mathematical Journal
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    • 제60권4호
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    • pp.781-795
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    • 2020
  • In this paper, we obtain an analytical solution for an unsolved definite integral RC (m, n) from a 1915 paper of Srinivasa Ramanujan. We obtain our solution using the hypergeometric approach and an infinite series decomposition identity. Also, we give some generalizations of Ramanujan's integral RC (m, n) defined in terms of the ordinary hypergeometric function 2F3 with suitable convergence conditions. Moreover as applications of our result we obtain nine new infinite summation formulas associated with the hypergeometric functions 0F1, 1F2 and 2F3.

Selenoprotein S Suppression Enhances the Late Stage Differentiation of Proerythrocytes Via SIRT1

  • Yang, Hee-Young;Chung, Kyoung-Jin;Park, Hyang-Rim;Han, Seong-Jeong;Lee, Seung-Rock;Chay, Kee-Oh;Kim, Ick-Young;Park, Byung-Ju;Lee, Tae-Hoon
    • International Journal of Oral Biology
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    • 제35권2호
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    • pp.61-67
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    • 2010
  • Selenoprotein S (SelS) is widely expressed in diverse tissues where it localizes in the plasma membrane and endoplasmic reticulum. We studied the potential function of SelS in erythrocyte differentiation using K562 cells stably over-expressing SelS wild-type (WT) or one of two SelS point mutants, $U_{188}S$ or $U_{188}C$. We found that in the K562 cells treated with $1\;{\mu}M$ Ara-C, SelS gradually declined over five days of treatment. On day 4, intracellular ROS levels were higher in cells expressing SelS-WT than in those expressing a SelS mutant. Moreover, the cell cycle patterns in cells expressing SelS-WT or $U_{188}C$ were similar to the controls. The expression and activation of SIRT1 were also reduced during K562 differentiation. Cells expressing SelS-WT showed elevated SIRT1 expression and activation (phosphorylation), as well as higher levels of FoxO3a expression. SIRT1 activation was diminished slightly in cells expressing SelS-WT after treatment with the ROS scavenger NAC (12 mM), but not in those expressing a SelS mutant. After four days of Ara-C treatment, SelS-WT-expressing cells showed elevated transcription of $\beta$-globin, $\gamma$-globin, $\varepsilon$-globin, GATA-1 and zfpm-1, whereas cells expressing a SelS mutant did not. These results suggest that the suppression of SelS acts as a trigger for proerythrocyte differentiation via the ROS-mediated downregulation of SIRT1.

A Co-inhibitory Molecule, B7-H4, Synergistically Potentiates Oral Tolerance by Inducing CD4+CD25+FoxP3+ T Cells

  • Wen, Lanying;Yang, Sung-Yeun;Choi, Jae-Kyoung;Kim, Young-Hee;Kwon, Eun-Hee;Lee, Hyun-Ji;Jeoung, Hae-Young;Hwang, Du-Hyeon;Hwang, Dong-Jin;Choi, In-Hak
    • IMMUNE NETWORK
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    • 제8권1호
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    • pp.21-28
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    • 2008
  • Background: A co-inhibitory molecule, B7-H4, is believed to negatively regulate T cell immunity by suppressing T cell proliferation and inhibiting cytokine production. However, the mechanism behind B7-H4-mediated tolerance remains unclear. Methods: Balb/c $(H-2^d)$ mice were fed with dendritic cell line, DC2.4 $(H-2^d)$ every day for 10 days. Meantime, mice were hydrodynamically injected with recombinant plasmid expressing B7-H4 fusion protein (B7-H4.hFc) or hFc via tail vein. One day after last feeding, mice were immunized with allogeneic B6 spleen cells. 14 days following immunization, mice were challenged with B6 spleen cells to ear back and the ear swelling was determined the next day. Subsequently, a mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR) was also performed and cytokines profiles from the reaction were examined by sandwich ELISA. Frequency of immunosuppressive cell population was assayed with flow cytometry and mRNA for FoxP3 was determined by RT-PCR. Results: Tolerant mice given plasmid expressing B7-H4.hFc showed a significant reduction in ear swelling compared to control mice. In addition, T cells from mice given B7-H4.hFc plasmid revealed a significant hyporesponsiveness of T cells against allogeneic spleen cells and showed a significant decrease in Th1 and Th2 cytokines such as IFN-${\gamma}$, IL-5, and TNF-${\alpha}$. Interestingly, flow cytometric analysis showed that the frequency of CD4+CD25+FoxP3+ Tregs in spleen was increased in tolerant mice given recombinant B7-H4.hFc plasmid compared to control group. Conclusion: Our results demonstrate that B7-H4 synergistically potentiates oral tolerance induced by allogeneic cells by increasing the frequency of FoxP3+ CD4+CD25+ Treg and reducing Th1 and Th2 cytokine production.

Comparison of Natural Resistance-associated Macrophage Protein (NRAMP)1 Expression between Cows with High and Low Milk Somatic Cells Counts

  • Joo, Y.S.;Moon, J.S.;Fox, L.K.;Suh, G.H.;Kwon, N.H.;Kim, S.H.;Park, Y.H.
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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    • 제16권12호
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    • pp.1830-1836
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    • 2003
  • Studies using natural resistance-associated macrophage protein (NRAMP) identification indicated that cattle could be selected for immunity. Several studies performed on intracellular organisms such as Mycobacterium, Salmonella, Brucella and Leishmania in human and mouse revealed that resistance against these bacteria was dependent on high activity of NRAMP1 in macrophages. However, hardly any researches have been done on Staphylococcus aureus in bovine mastitis, which is an intracellular organism and the main cause of bovine mastitis. The objectives of this study were to establish reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) methods, through which NRAMP1 mRNA expression could be compared and analyzed between mastitis-resistant and -susceptible cows. NRAMP1 gene and its expression were investigated using 20 cows (Holstein Friesian) in Korea. Cows were evenly split into two groups, with and without histories of clinical mastitis. Equivalent numbers of cows were randomly selected from each group. Monocytes were isolated from the bovine peripheral blood of each selected cows and activated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). mRNA was separated from the monocytes and cDNA of NRAMP1 was synthesized and amplified using RT-PCR with amplification of $\beta$-actin as a control. The difference in NRAMP1 expressions of mastitis-resistant (n=10) and -susceptible (n=10) Holstein cows was analyzed. Results demonstrate that resistant cows produced more NRAMP1 mRNA than the susceptible ones, and ratios of NRAMP1:$\beta$-actin expression were higher in resistant cows with or without LPS activation. Therefore, this study could be applied to select bovine mastitis resistant cows before infection based on the expression of NRAMP1.

Endoplasmic recticulum stress와 관련된 유전자기능과 전사조절인자의 In silico 분석 (In Silico Analysis of Gene Function and Transcriptional Regulators Associated with Endoplasmic Recticulum (ER) Stress)

  • 김태민;여지영;박찬선;이문수;정명호
    • 생명과학회지
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    • 제19권8호
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    • pp.1159-1163
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    • 2009
  • ER stress에 관련된 유전자의 기능변화와 전사조절인자 분석하기 위해 ER stress를 유도한 간세포에서 expression microarray로 유전자 발현을 확보한 후 GSECA로 분석하였다. ER stress가 유도되면, ER에 주어지는 과도한 부하를 감소시키는 기능들이 증가하는 반면, ER stress가 더 증가함에 따라 ATP 생성이나 DNA repair, 더 나아가 세포분열의 기능이 감소하는 등 세포가 damage을 받음을 알 수 있었다. ER stress에 관련된 전사조절인자로는 FOX04, AP-1, FOX03, HNF4, IRF-1, GATA 등의 전사조절인자들이 ER stress에 의해 발현이 증가하는 유전자들의 promoter에 공통적으로 존재하였으며, E2F, Nrf-1, Elk-1, YY1, CREB, MTF-1, STAT-1, ATF 등의 전사인자들이 발현이 감소하는 유전자들의 promoter에서 공통적으로 존재하여, 이들의 전사인자들이 ER stress에 의한 유전자의 발현조절에 중요한 역할을 하는 전사조절인자임을 알 수 있었다.

인간망막 내피세포주에서 고농도 포도당이 caspase-3 경로를 통해 세포자연사 유도 (High Glucose Induces Apoptosis through Caspase-3 Dependent Pathway in Human Retinal Endothelial Cell Line)

  • 서은선;채수철;고은경;이종빈
    • 환경생물
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    • 제27권1호
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    • pp.66-72
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    • 2009
  • 당뇨망막병증은 서구에서 성인들의 실명을 일으키는 원인이다. 당뇨병이 있을 때 고혈당증은 여러 세포 형태에서 세포자연사를 유도하지만 그 기작은 명확하게 밝혀지지 않았다. 본 연구의 목적은 인간망막 내피세포에서 고혈당 포도당이 세포자연사에 미치는 영향에 대하여 알아보았다. 망막 내피세포는 5, 25, 50 mM 포도당이 포함된 IMDM배지에서 37$^{\circ}C$, 5% CO$_2$조정된 항온기에서 24, 36, 48시간 동안 배양하였다. 여러 농도의 포도당을 처리한 인간망막 내피세포 형태의 특징은 위상차현미경으로 관찰하였고, 세포의 생존은 MTT assay를 통해 산정하였다. 고농도 포도당에서 활성산소종인 세포 내의 H$_2$O$_2$는 FOX II assay와 caspase-3 assay에 의한 세포자연사를 통해 측정하였다. 고농도의 포도당을 처리한 세포에서의 DNA분절화는 아가펄스 겔 전기영동을 통해 관찰하였다. 25, 50mM 포도당을 포함한 배양액에 48시간 동안 배양한 세포는 형태가 변하고. 세포자연사에 의해 유도된 DNA 분절화를 관찰 할 수 있었다. 25, 50 mM의 포도당에서 배양한 세포와 5 mM 포도당에서 24, 36, 48 시간 배양한 세포와 비교했을 때 25, 50 mM에서 죽은 세포의 수가 더 많았다. 또한 과산화수소의 양과 caspase-3의 활성은 고농도 포도당을 처리한 세포에서 증가하였다. 결론적으로 고농도 포도당이 배양된 인간망막 내피세포에서 세포자연사를 유도하는 것을 증명하였고, 고혈당증의 유도로 caspase 활성에 의존적인 세포자연사는 증가하였다. 고농도의 포도당이 처리된 세포에서 활성산소종 유발과 caspase-3 활성간의 관계는 아직 조사되지않았다.

재래종과 개량종 세절 돼지고기의 저장 중 품질 특성 비교 (Quality Comparison between Korean Native Black Ground Pork and Modern Genotype Ground Pork during Refrigerated Storage)

  • 이성기;주명규;김용선;강선문;최염순
    • 한국축산식품학회지
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    • 제25권1호
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    • pp.71-77
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    • 2005
  • 본 연구는 재래종 세절 돼지고기의 저장 중 품질 특성을 구명하기 위하여 개량종과 비교하여 실시하였다. 시험용 돼지고기로 240일간 사육된 평균체중 75 kg의 재래돼지와 210일간 사육된 평균체중 105 kg의 개량돼지를 이용하였다. 도축 후 세절돈육을 4℃에서 9일간 저장하며 실시하였다. 일반성분의 조성을 보면 재래종 돼지고기가 개량종에 비해 조지방과 조단백질 함량이 높고, 수분과 조회분 함량은 낮았다. 재래종 돼지고기의 pH가 개량종에 비해 저장 5일부터는 낮았고, 보수력은 저장기간 내내 유의적으로 높았다(p<0.05). 재래종 돼지고기는 명도가 낮고 적색도가 높아 개량종에 비해 검붉은 색깔을 지니고 있다. 저장기간이 늘어날수록 CIE L/sup */, a/sup */, b/sup */와 h/sup O/값들은 감소하는 경향을 보였다. TBARS, POV, FOX값 모두 저장기간이 증가할수록 유의적으로 증가하였으며 특히 재래종이 저장기간이 길어질수록 현저한 증가현상을 나타내었다. 재래종 돼지고기의 지방산 조성비율을 보면 총 포화지방산과 stearic acid 함량이 개량종에 비해 유의적으로 높았다(p<0.05).

Protein Kinase CK2 Is Upregulated by Calorie Restriction and Induces Autophagy

  • Park, Jeong-Woo;Jeong, Jihyeon;Bae, Young-Seuk
    • Molecules and Cells
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    • 제45권3호
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    • pp.112-121
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    • 2022
  • Calorie restriction (CR) and the activation of autophagy extend healthspan by delaying the onset of age-associated diseases in most living organisms. Because protein kinase CK2 (CK2) downregulation induces cellular senescence and nematode aging, we investigated CK2's role in CR and autophagy. This study indicated that CR upregulated CK2's expression, thereby causing SIRT1 and AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activation. CK2α overexpression, including antisense inhibitors of miR-186, miR-216b, miR-337-3p, and miR-760, stimulated autophagy initiation and nucleation markers (increase in ATG5, ATG7, LC3BII, beclin-1, and Ulk1, and decrease in SQSTM1/p62). The SIRT1 deacetylase, AKT, mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), AMPK, and forkhead homeobox type O (FoxO) 3a were involved in CK2-mediated autophagy. The treatment with the AKT inhibitor triciribine, the AMPK activator AICAR, or the SIRT1 activator resveratrol rescued a reduction in the expression of lgg-1 (the Caenorhabditis elegans ortholog of LC3B), bec1 (the C. elegans ortholog of beclin-1), and unc-51 (the C. elegans ortholog of Ulk1), mediated by kin-10 (the C. elegans ortholog of CK2β) knockdown in nematodes. Thus, this study indicated that CK2 acted as a positive regulator in CR and autophagy, thereby suggesting that these four miRs' antisense inhibitors can be used as CR mimetics or autophagy inducers.

폴리이미드 구조변화에 의한 방향족 PBI/PI 블렌드의 상용성 및 상호작용의 세기(II) - DSDA로 합성한 PI들과의 블랜드들 - (Miscibility and Specific Intermolecular Interaction Strength of PBI/PI Blends Depending on Polyimide Structure(II) - Blend Systems with PIs Synthesized by DSDA -)

  • 안태광
    • 공업화학
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    • 제9권2호
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    • pp.207-213
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    • 1998
  • 전편의 연구결과[1]를 토대로 또 다른 방법으로써 폴리이미드의 구조를 변화시켜 방향족 폴리벤즈이미다졸(PBI)과의 블렌드들의 상용성 및 상용성을 가져다 주는 상호작용의 세기를 상대적으로 비교하였다. 이 연구에서 방향족 폴리이미드(PI)는 두 개의 디아민인 4,4'-methylene dianiline (4,4'-MDA)과 4,4'-oxydianiline (4,4'-ODA)을 dianhydride인 3,3',4,4'-diphenylsulfone tetracarboxylic dianhydride (DSDA)와의 축합반응을 통하여 용매인 DMAc로 폴리아믹산(PAA)을 합성한 후 열경화하여 얻었다. 이들 폴리아믹산(PAA)을 poly2,2-(m-phenylene)-5,5'-bibenzimidazole (PBI)와 용액 블렌딩하여 PBI/PAA 블렌드를 열경화시켜 PBI/PI의 블렌드로 전환시킨후 상용성을 조사하고 전편의 블렌드에 사용된 폴리이미드[1]와 이 연구에 사용된 폴리이미드의 구조변화에 대한 상호작용의 상대적인 크기를 조사하였다. 연구에 사용된 두 가지 블렌드인 PBI/DSDA+4.4'-MDA (Blend-V)와 PBI/DSDA+4.4'-ODA (Blend-VI)는 사용성을 보였다. 이는 성현된 필름이 투명하고, 전 블렌드 조성에 대해서 하나의 $T_g$를 가지며, 또한 블렌드 조성에 따른 N-H ($3418cm^{-1}$)와 C=O 스트레칭 밴드(1730 및 $1780cm^{-1}$)의 주파수 이동폭이 각각 $39{\sim}40cm^{-1}$, $5{\sim}6cm^{-1}$$3{\sim}4cm^{-1}$이었다. 이 연구에 사용된 블렌드들에 대하여 두 성분 고분자간 상호작용의 세기를 실험치와 Fox식으로 계산된 유리전이온도차로 생긴 면적(A), Gordon-Taylor 식에서의 ${\kappa}$ 값, 그리고 관능기인 N-H와 카보닐기의 주파수 이동폭의 변화로 살펴보았다. 이들에 대한 결과로 먼저, 면적 (A)와 ${\kappa}$ 값에 있어서 Blend-V와 Blend-VI이 전편의 블렌드 [1]인 Blend-III와 Blend-IV에 비해 작은 값을 보였다. 또한 관능기의 주파수 이동에 있어서도 이에 대한 결과와 유사한 결과를 보였다. 따라서 블렌드에 사용된 PI의 구조변화에 따라 상호작용이 다른 것은 PI 합성시에 사용된 서로 다른 dianhydride의 구조에서 페닐링 사이에 존재하는 linkage인 C=O보다 $SO_2$가 존재할 때[Fig. 2] 블렌드를 이루는 두 고분자사이의 상호작용인 수소결합력을 약화시키는 spacer로 작용한 것으로 사료된다. 다시 말하면, 전자가 후자보다 더 큰 입체장애를 일으켰기 때문이라 사려된다.

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A determination of occlusal plane comparing different levels of the tragus to form ala-tragal line or Camper's line: A photographic study

  • Kumar, Sandeep;Garg, Sandeep;Gupta, Seema
    • The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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    • 제5권1호
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    • pp.9-15
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    • 2013
  • PURPOSE. The purpose of this study was to determine accurately the part of the tragus to be used to form the Ala-Tragal line or Camper's line in orthognathic profile patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS. 150 dentate subjects with age of 18-40 years with orthognathic profile were sampled. Life-size lateral digital photographs of the face with fox plane were taken in natural head position. Different angles between Eye-Ear plane and occlusal plane ($OT_1$-OP), Eye-Ear plane and ala-superior border of tragus ($OT_1-AT_1$), Eye-Ear plane and ala-middle border of tragus ($OT_1-AT_2$) and Eye-Ear plane and ala-inferior border of tragus ($OT_1-AT_3$) were calculated using computer software package, AutoCAD 2004. From the three angles formed by the Eye-ear plane ($OT_1$ or FH plane) and the ala-tragal lines, the one closest to the angle formed between Eye-Ear plane ($OT_1$) and occlusal plane (OP) was used to determine the occlusal plane of orientation. The obtained results were subjected to ANOVA F test, Tukey's Honestly significant difference test, followed by Karl Pearson coefficient of correlation test. P values of less than 0.05 were taken as statistically significant. RESULTS. The mean of base line angle i.e. $OT_1$-OP angle ($11.96{\pm}4.36$) was found to be close to $OT_1-AT_2$ angle ($13.67{\pm}1.93$) and $OT_1-AT_3$ angle ($10.31{\pm}2.03$), but $OT_1$-OP angle was found to be more closer to $OT_1-AT_3$ angle. Comparison of mean angles showed that $OT_1$-OP angle in both males (11.68) and females (12.51) is close to $OT_1-AT_3$ angle (males- 11.01, females- 11.95). CONCLUSION. The line joining from ala to the lower border of the tragus was parallel to the occlusal plane in 53.3% of the subjects. There was no influence of the sex on the level of occlusal plane.