• Proceeding of EDISON Challenge
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• 2016.03a
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• pp.473-476
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• 2016

In this study, important design factors in Jansen leg mechanism by which two legs can be driven by only one input like a motor are considered through method of transmitting motion in three-bar linkage and Grashof law in four-bar linkage. In preliminary design, by using EDISON m-sketch and its simulation which can observe trace of feet, two identical four-bar linkages are initially designed and two three-bar linkages are added to four-bar linkages sequentially. By analyzing GL(Ground Length) and GAC(Ground Angle Coefficient), the adequacy of the preliminary design was estimated. Final design of walking apparatus is implemented using CAD software, Assembly2 of EDISON Designer. Finally, proposals to improve software used in this study are suggested.

• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.267-271
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• 2013

Objective: The purpose of this study is to examine the test-retest reliability of paper-pencil test for investigating population stereotype of burner-control linkages of four-stove gas ranges. Background: Much of the research on gas-range stereotype strength has been performed using the paper-pencil test. While the use of the paper-pencil tests has the advantage of collecting data in a large group of subjects against reasonable costs, concerns regarding the reliability of the paper-pencil test has also been stated. Method: Three paper-pencil tests classified by intervals of test-retest were performed, in which eight types of burner-control arrangements were investigated. Sixty eight subjects were test-retested within two weeks, 85 subjects were test-retested within four weeks and 58 subjects were test-retested three times in series with interval of two and four weeks. Results: Chi-square test showed that three intervals of test-retest including two, four and two & four weeks have not statistically significant effect on subjects' responses irrespective of eight types of burner-control linkages dealt with in this study(p>0.10). Concordance rates of subjects' responses ranged between 73.5% and 100.0% for two-week test-retest, between 67.1% and 97.6% for four-week test-retest, and between 65.5% and 100.0% for two- and four-week serial test-retest. The concordance rates were linearly correlated with proportion of subjects' responses for stereotypes of burnercontrol linkages. Conclusion: It is concluded that the paper-pencil tests for investigating gas range relevant stereotypes could reproduce reliable results compared to baseline test within interval of four weeks. Application: The results of this study would be useful as an ergonomic guideline when designing the paper-pencil tests for stereotype relevant studies.

• Journal of Technology Innovation
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.67-91
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• 2006

This paper discusses the potential to upgrade the Thai innovation system by university-industry linkages. Our results are structured into three parts. First, the identification of potentials for university-industry linkages (UIL) within the Thai innovation system shows that the re is a wide gap between absorptive capacities of private companies and knowledge production of universities. Second, we present survey results for individual departments at Thai universities showing that UIL are mostly limited to consulting and technical services, hampered by mutual distrust, and maintained to receive an extra personal income. Third, case studies on four typical modes of UIL allow us to discuss various ways to upgrade the Thai IS by UIL in future.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.1-28
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• 2000

The purpose of this study is to clarify the suburbanization of manufacturing, and location and linkages of decentralized manufacturing from Metropolitan Pusan by means of case study on manufacturing location and linkages in the suburb of Metropolitan Pusan. Kimhae city and Yangsan-Gun toward which heavy decentralization of manufacturing from the Metropolitan Pusan has been done. Both hard data and soft data were used as the basic data. Hard data are the statistical data in statistical yearbooks and firm list in directories. The former consists of the number of establishments and employees classified by product type, firm size and unit area. The latter consists of owner's names, addresses, employee number, products and headquarters of firms. Soft data are the results of the interviews with the 242 owners of firms in the four case study areas selected by Proportional Stratified Sampling Method. The major findings are as follows: 1. The spatial variations of manufacturing in the suburb was regularized in the latter half of 1970's. The primary processes to decentralize manufacturing from Metropolitan Pusan were the birth, relocation and establishment of branches of the firms. Among them the relocation of small outer-oriented single-location firms from Pusan was the most important. 2. The spatial variations undergoing spatial expansion of manufacturing distribution and increase of agglomeration degree of manufacturing, proceeded from the adjacents of Metropolitan Pusan to the outer areas along the main transportation route. 3. The main factors which caused manufacturing to decentralize from the Metropolitan Pusan were firm policy and land for this policy. The main locational factors which induced the decentralizing manufacturing into the suburb were land, market and transportation. 4. The strength of linkages with the outside of the study area is stronger than that of linkages with the inside. There is distance-decay-function in the strength of linkages with the outside, and linkages with short distant areas are stronger than those with long distant areas. 5. The ranges of spatial linkages in procurement of materials, in subcontraction and in marketing are wider than those in ordering. 6. The main factors which cause the formation of linkages are different by types of linkages: monopolistic and oligopolistic supply are important in procurement linkages; characteristics of products and the subsequent marketing difficulties, in subcontraction linkages; fluctuation, cost reduction, insufficient facility and characteristics of products, in ordering linkages; subcontract, characteristics of product and the subsequent marketing difficulties, in marketing linkages. 7. The changes of linkages owing to locational changes of firms were great, and were greater in long distant areas than in short distant areas. 8. The main factor influencing on the changes of linkages was the easiness in the transportation of goods, movement of labour and contacts with customers. In conclusion, some facts described above were proved to be consistent with the results of proceeding studies in the other areas: influence of relocation of decentralizing firms on the suburbanization; the factors of manufacturing decentralization; spatial characteristics of linkages; linkage changes owing to relocation of firms. Some were proved to be partly consistent: locational factors inducing decentralized manufacturing into the suburb were proved to be inconsistent. I think that the results of previous studies on the other areas can be applicable to the explanation on the decentralization of Metropolitan manufacturing from the viewpoint of the suburb. For the better explanation on the decentralization of Metropolitan manufacturing, more empirical case studies on the suburbanization of manufacturing are necessary.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.54
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• pp.35-64
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• 2003

This study is to explore experience on the inter-organizational linkages for vocational rehabilitation of people with psychiatric disabilities and to find out predictors affecting the linkages. This study used triangulation a way as to combine the advantages of both the qualitative and the quantitative approach. The qualitative approach is based on grounded theory by Strauss & Cobin. The quantitative research used the samples of 122 organizations, and was analyzed by multiple regression & logistic regression. The results are as follows. First, as results of in-depth interview, interviewees perceived linkage experience as 'turning the eyes on the other organization in community', namely 'the pursue of collaboration'. This concept is classified four types: initiative, cooperative, authoritative and passive type. Second, according to Tobin(1986)'s five phase of the closeness of inter-organizational linkages, our linkages were found to be in third phase, "coordination". Finally, predictors of the attempt of having linkages & linkage strengthening were analyzed by logistic regression & multiple regression. 'The experience of professional training on people with psychiatric disabilities' and 'the resource dependency' have statistically significant relation with the attempt to have linkages. 'The length of current service', 'the experience of professional training on people with psychiatric disabilities', and 'recognition about other organizational activities' are significantly related to strengthening linkage. Based on the results of this study, alternatives for promoting inter-organization linkages for vocational rehabilitation of people with psychiatric disabilities were proposed.

• The Journal of Korea Robotics Society
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.245-250
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• 2019

Milli-scale crawling robots have been widely studied due to their maneuverability in confined spaces. For successful crawling, the crawling robots basically required to fulfill alternating gait with elliptical foot trajectory. The alternating gait with elliptical foot trajectory normally generates both forward and upward motion. The upward motion makes the aerial phase and during the aerial phase, the forward motion enables the crawling robots to proceed. This simultaneous forward and upward motion finally results in fast crawling speed. In this paper, we propose a novel alternating mechanism to make a crab-inspired eight-legged crawling robot. The key design strategy is an alternating mechanism based on double four-bar linkages. Crab-like robots normally employs gear-chain drive to make the opposite phase between neighboring legs. To use the gear-chain drive to this milli-scale robot system, however, is not easy because of heavy weight and mechanism complexity. To solve the issue, the double-four bar linkages has been invented to generate the oaring motion for transmitting the equal motion in the opposite phase. Thanks to the proposed mechanism, the robot crawls just like the real crab with the crawling speed of 0.57 m/s.

• 한국노년학
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.1027-1044
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• 2010

This study is to examine the effective system for providing services for long-term care elders, despite the expansion of formal care, informal care still is needed. Thus, this study's purpose is to classify the informal-formal resources linkages types of long-term care elders and looks into service satisfaction by these types and discover effective informal-formal resources linkages models. For that, this study is to divide informal-formal resources linkages types by the degree of providing services of informal and formal caregivers and discover the informal-formal resources linkages types using cluster analysis and explores the effectiveness of service satisfaction using multiple regression. The study's results is to suggest four models, such as family care, complementary, separation, formal service and complementary type was founded to be the most effective and then based on the result, we discuss as follows. First, we must strive to combine informal resources into formal service systemto the system for providing of service is made up the complementary type. Second, the system for providing services of long-term care elders is required integrated care system to alining of medical and long-term care services. Third, we have to consider a measure to improve of formal service type, for the satisfaction of formal service appears low relatively. Based on research findings, this study propose that the informal-formal resources linkages models are subdivided into the dimension of quantity and quality of care for improving the effectiveness of long-term care services.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.35-48
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• 1988

Amongst various analytic methods of internal structure of city, the factor analysis method which uses O-D matrix data has some merits and characteristics compared to other methods. 1) It is possible to find one certain interaction and flow pattern between traffic zones with in a city through reanalyzing O-D data which is too complex to grasp specific meaning or pattern of flow systems. 2) It can be easily visualized the traffic flow pattern by using adequate graphic techniques, and also can clarify the functional areas whose interaction linkages are significantly strong enough between each other. In this study, the taxi traffic O-D data between 42 traffic zones in Kwang-ju city was reanalyzied by varimax rotated factor analysis methods. As a result, four factors that have significant level factor loading (over 0.5 ) and factor score (over 1.0) were sorted out. so to speak four different functional areas were clarified in Kwang-ju city, of the West, the East, the south, and the North functional areas whose interaction linkages are significantly strong enough between each other. In the study, the taxi traffic O-D data between 42 traffic zones in Kwang-ju city was reanalyzied by varimax rotated factor analysis methods. As a result, four factors that have significant level factor loading (over 0.5) and factor score 9over 1.0) were sorted out. so to speak four different functional areas were clarified in Kwang-ju city, of the West, the East, the South, and the North functional area, then these four functional areas are almost coincided with citizen's general conception of community division and administrative district. Accordingly the factor analysis methods using traffic data seems to proved to be very accurate and useful analytic instruments for analyzing flow pattern and clarifying functional areas of city, and believed to provide basic informations and criteria for practical urban land use planning and transportation planning.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.16 no.10
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• pp.126-131
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• 1999

Up until now, it is said that no satisfactory computer solutions have been found for synthesizing four-bar linkage based on the prescribed coupler link curve. In our study, an algorithm has been developed to improve the design synthesis of four-bar linkage automatically generating prescribed path by using B-spline interpolation. The suggested algorithm generates the desired coupler curve by using B-spline interpolation, and hence the generated curve approximates as closely as to the desired curve representing coupler link trajectory. Also, when comparing each generated polygon with the control polygon, rapid comparison by applying convex hull concept. finally, optimization process using ADS is incorporated into the algorithm based on the 5 precision point method to reduce the total optimization process time. As for examples, three different four-bar linkages were tested and the results showed the effectiveness of the algorithm.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Technology Engineers
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.576-584
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• 2009

Up to now, it has been said that no satisfactory computer solution has been found for synthesizing four-bar linkage based on the prescribed coupler link curve. In our study, an algorithm has been developed to improve the design synthesis of four bar linkage based on the 5 precision points method. The suggested algorithm generates the desired coupler curve by using NURBS, and then the generated curve approximates as closely as possible to the desired curve representing coupler link trajectory. Also, when comparing each generated curve by constructing the control polygon, rapid comparison is easily achieved by applying convex hull of the control polygon. Finally, an optimization process using ADS is incorporated into the algorithm based on the 5 precision point method to reduce the total optimization process time. As for examples, two four bar linkages were tested and the result well demonstrated the effectiveness of the algorithm.