• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.21 no.9
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• pp.151-160
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• 2020

Various smart city projects have been actively promoted as important policies of governments in various countries. The key to the success of smart cities led by governments is to develop sustainable governance through the expansion and proliferation of outcomes. This study comparatively analyzed the smart city policies of the USA and Europe from viewpoints of outcome expansion and proposed policy directions for smart cities in Korea. The comparison items were case cities, the expansion of smart city technologies and services, the measurement of outcomes, the accumulation of knowledge and information, and standardization. This study found that the items of each index were linked for the purpose of assessment, expansion, and the creation of successful cases in the USA and Europe. Based on our analysis, four policy directions were proposed that included the early provision of follow-up measures for case cities, the development of a project performance assessment system, the provision of an integrated knowledge accumulation system, and an earnest promotion of industry activation policies.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.46-50
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• 2009

Purpose: Finger injury by green onion cutting machine is one of the common hand injuries in the kitchen. It has a unique feature: there are multiple parellel laceration 3 - 5 mm wide. There are two directions of injuries(vertical, oblique). It may involve bone, tendon, nerve, and vessel injuries. We discuss its management and the long - term progress. Methods: We have treated six patients from 2003 to 2007. We carried out low tension approximation with thin suture materials to avoid ischemia and performed the additional operation as nail bed repair, tenorrhaphy, open reduction, vessel anastomosis, and composite graft. We reviewed the record of initial injury and collected the follow - up record. Results: They were all middle aged - women who had worked in the kitchen. Right hand was dominent over left hand. The ratio of the directions was 3 : 3 (vertical : oblique). They were all competely healed although there were three atrophy, four hyperesthesia, and one nail deformity. Conclusion: Finger injury by green onion cutting machine is a unique pattern of laceration with various accompanied injuries. It may look like a severe form of injury, but in most cases have relatively favorable progress. We have to perform careful examination of accompanied injuries and carry out the proper management. First and foremost, the user especially in the middle aged women should be warned to be careful in handling this risky machine.

• Journal of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute of Korea
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.609-617
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• 2002

A three-dimensional(3-D) method of analysis is presented for determining the free vibration frequencies and mode shapes of thick, circular rings with isosceles trapezoidal and triangular cross-sections. Displacement components u/sub s/, u/sub z/, and u/sub θin the meridional, normal, and circumferential directions, respectively, are taken to be sinusoidal in time, periodic in θ, and algebraic polynomials in the ψ and z directions. Potential(strain) and kinetic energies of the circular ring are formulated, and upper bound values of the frequencies we obtained by minimizing the frequencies. As the degree of the polynomials is increased, frequencies converge to the exact values. Novel numerical results are presented for the circular rings with isosceles trapezoidal and equilateral triangular cross-sections having completely free boundaries. Convergence to four-digit exactitude is demonstrated for the first five frequencies of the rings. The method is applicable to thin rings, as well as thick and very thick ones.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.23-31
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• 2010

This study aims to examine the educational function space of university dormitories at local universities with corridor centered structure in Honam area regions based on direct and indirect parameters on the whole satisfaction of users in residential environment factors and personal characteristics. First, according to relations among parameters, educational and cultural activities of four major activities within the dormitory had indirect influences on social activities, eating and sleeping activities had no direct influence on other activities. And social activity had direct influence on the general satisfaction as an important parameter and educational and cultural activities had indirect influence on the whole satisfaction through social activities. Detailed results show that, in the first educational activities directly affecting the lighting and air conditioning facilities (0.22), safety (0.326), Territoriality (0.327), the space density (-0.167), directions (-0.166) and yeohyang having personal characteristics and the safety of the second cultural activities (0.183), Territoriality (0.361), Aesthetics (-0.13) and the personal characteristics Sex (-0.179), the direct effect, third, and erosion has a direct impact on activity The flexibility of the space factor (-0.128) and Territoriality (0.38) and the personal characteristics grade (0.172), respectively. Fourth in social activities directly affecting the pathfinding (-0.104), and parameter, education (0.388) and cultural activities (0.445), and some of the factors affecting the indirect lighting and air conditioning facilities, safety, and Territoriality, the space density, directions, grade, they could influence through educational activities to be analyzed. That is, territoriality in educational function space is the important factor that users react very sensitively in educational, eating and sleeping activities and educational function space must secure area and division considering personal and public use as the space accommodating activity which is lacking in unit residential space. Accordingly, the safety of educational function space in university dormitory is considered as the fundamental safety matter on the fire prevention, hygiene and cleanness for users in the satisfaction of educational and cultural activities.

• Journal of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute of Korea
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.399-407
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• 2002

A three-dimensional method of analysis is presented for determining the free vibration frequencies and mode shapes of hollow bodies of revolution (i.e., thick shells), not limited to straight line generators or constant thickness. The middle surface of the shell may have arbitrary curvatures, and the wall thickness may vary arbitrarily. Displacement components$U_\Phi, U_z, U_\theta$ in the meridional, normal and circumferential directions, respectively, are taken to be sinusoidal in time, periodic in$\theta$, and algebraic polynomials in the$\Phi$and z directions. Potential(strain) and kinetic energies of the entire body are formulated, and upper bound values of the frequencies are obtained by minimizing the frequencies. As the degrees of the polynomials are increased, frequencies converge to the exact values. Novel numerical results are presented for two types of thick conical shells and thick spherical shell segments having linear thickness variations. Convergence to four digit exactitude is demonstrated for the first five frequencies of both types of shells. The method is applicable to thin shells, as well as thick and very thick ones.

• Journal of Korean Association for Spatial Structures
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• v.4 no.4 s.14
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• pp.113-128
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• 2004

A three-dimensional (3-D) method of analysis is presented for determining the free vibration frequencies and mode shapes of solid paraboloidal and complete (that is, without a top opening) paraboloidal shells of revolution with variable wall thickness. Unlike conventional shell theories, which are mathematically two-dimensional (2-D), the present method is based upon the 3-D dynamic equations of elasticity. The ends of the shell may be free or may be subjected to any degree of constraint. Displacement components $u_r,\;u_{\theta},\;and\;u_z$ in the radial, circumferential, and axial directions, respectively, are taken to be sinusoidal in time, periodic in ${\theta}$, and algebraic polynomials in the r and z directions. Potential (strain) and kinetic energies of the paraboloidal shells of revolution are formulated, and the Ritz method is used to solve the eigenvalue problem, thus yielding upper bound values of the frequencies by minimizing the frequencies. As the degree of the polynomials is increased, frequencies converge to the exact values. Convergence to four digit exactitude is demonstrated for the first five frequencies of the complete, shallow and deep paraboloidal shells of revolution with variable thickness. Numerical results are presented for a variety of paraboloidal shells having uniform or variable thickness, and being either shallow or deep. Frequencies for five solid paraboloids of different depth are also given. Comparisons are made between the frequencies from the present 3-D Ritz method and a 2-D thin shell theory.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.175-179
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• 2020

The objective of this study was to determine the effect of osteotomy angle and tibial proximal segment rotation angle on angular and torsional tibial deformities and to assess the trends of these deformities during the rotation of the tibial proximal segment in a center of rotation of angulation (CORA)-based leveling osteotomy (CBLO) by performing computer modeling of the tibia. Four tibias of toy breed dogs with no history of lameness were used in this study. Osteotomies were performed in the proximal tibias at angles of 0°, 10°, 20°, -10°, and -20°, perpendicular to either the proximodistal or craniocaudal tibial axes. The mechanical medial proximal tibial angle (mMPTA) and transcondylar (TC) and distal cranial tibial (CnT) axes were used to measure angular and torsional deformities, respectively. All tibias showed an increase in angular and rotational deformities with an increase in the tibial plateau rotation angle. The tibia with osteotomies performed in the proximodistal and craniocaudal directions showed the highest magnitude of torsional and angular deformities, respectively. The results of this study revealed a tendency of occurrence of angular and torsional deformities with osteotomy performed along the proximodistal and craniocaudal directions in the CBLO.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.18 no.11
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• pp.348-352
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• 2018

BioRescue ($RMIng{\acute{e}}nierie$, Marseille, France) is able to assess dynamic and static balance when a test subject stands or sits over the platform. Although previous studies have examined the reliability of other balance measurement methods, little research has been conducted on the reliability of equipment such as BioRescue. This study examined the intra-rater and inter-rater reliability of BioRescue during balance assessment. Thirty-four healthy adults participated as subjects and two physical therapists participated as examiners to determine intra- and inter-rater reliability. BioRescue was used to conduct measurements during footprint (area and pressure), Romberg, and limit of stability tests. The footprint area and limit of stability tests yielded intra- and inter-rater reliability ICC values above 0.60 in all directions. However, the footprint pressure and Romberg tests yielded values below 0.60 in all directions. BioRescue showed good inter-rater and intra-rater reliability in measurements during footprint area and limit of stability tests. However, because the values of limits of stability show the difference between experienced and unskilled, skill is required for the accuracy of the equipment.

• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.65-74
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• 2019

This study presents the optimal isolation period according to the number of vertically expended stories in order to provide the basic data for the application of the seismic isolation system in the vertically expended remodeling of the aged apartment. As a result of the structural analysis, the isolation period should be at least twice the primary structure in three-story vertical expansion, three times in two-story expansion, and four times in one-story expansion for the effective application of the isolation system. On the basis of the result, the efficacy of an isolation system for the actual apartment structure, which is three-story vertically expended, was analytically verified. The maximal acceleration response on the top floor reduced by 70% and 65% of the non-isolated structure in the X and Y directions respectively. Additionally, the base shear force decreased by 30% in the both directions, compared to the non-isolated structure.

• The Korean Journal of Archival Studies
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• no.52
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• pp.5-37
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• 2017

In consideration of the drastic transformation of records management environments, this study aims to suggest the directions for redesigning the electronic records management policies at a national level. First, it clarifies the four implicit objectives of electronic records management policies since the 2006 amendment of the Public Records Management Act, such as comprehensiveness for ensuring the appropriate management of any type of digital records, digital-friendly processes for records management, proper management for guaranteeing the evidential value of digital records, and long-term preservation of digital records. Second, it examines the challenging environmental factors in the areas since 2006. Third, it reviews the achievement of the policies as well as failures based on analyzing the policy documents and data from the National Archives of Korea. Fourth and finally, it suggests core areas and directions for redesigning the electronic records management policies, emphasizing the inclusiveness for data-type electronic records.