• Bulletin of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.60 no.1
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• pp.237-255
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• 2023

In this article, we find bases for the spaces of modular forms $M_2({\Gamma}_0(88),\;({\frac{d}{\cdot}}))$ for d = 1, 8, 44 and 88. We then derive formulas for the number of representations of a positive integer by the diagonal quaternary quadratic forms with coefficients 1, 2, 11 and 22.

• Korean Journal of English Language and Linguistics
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.295-309
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• 2001

The simple forms in English have mostly been investigated in terms of tense, especially by those who do not distinguish between tense and aspect in English. However, we often find some usages of the simple forms that do not seem to fit in any of the meanings of tense. The purpose of this paper is to find aspectual meanings out of the simple present and past forms by re-analyzing their meanings in terms of aspect. It turns out that they represent the perfective aspect seeing a situation as a whole with no beginning. middle and end. As for the controversial stative situations in the simple forms, they have been proven to show the perfective aspect, too, if we agree to see both the part and whole in state as having the same features. And syntactic evidences from the simple forms and their corresponding progressive forms compared also show that the habitual dynamic situations represent the same aspect in the simple forms.

• Language and Information
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.115-137
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• 2008

We examine the meanings of two plural forms in Korean. Kwak (2003) and Jun (2004) claimed that unmarked (i.e. zero) plural forms denote groups and 'deul' plural forms denote sums, and Kang (2007) indicated problems in such claims. Soon after, Jun (2007) raised an objection to Kang's view by slightly modifying his former analysis, and now this paper is a reply to Jun (2007). Jun's revision of his former view is one step forward but still it is faced with many authentic counter examples. In the mean time, Noh (2008) raised an objection to Kang (2007) from a totally different direction, claiming that unmarked forms are not plural but only singular. This position is not sound, either. We have so many cases where unmarked forms are used with plural interpretation. All in all, our view that unmarked forms denote singular as well plural individuals(sums, groups) and 'deul' forms denote only plural individuals(sums, groups) is to be maintained.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.317-325
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• 2006

The purposes of this study are to examine clothing businesses which are using dress forms and grasp the problems in apparel manufacturing process, to verify the size and shape of the dress forms for uniformity, to ascertain the uniformity between the dress forms being sold today and the somatotype of the target consumers. The following results were obtained. First, most of the clothing businesses used the existing dress forms in the company. The dress forms didn't reflect the somatotype of the current consumers. And the users satisfaction was below the average. Second, the size and shape of the dress forms being sold today had lack of uniformity between themselves. Third, the dress forms didn't reflect the shape characteristics as well as the size of the target consumers. Consequently, The dress forms need to have the following. First, It is necessary that the dress forms have various functions in a dress form in the future. Second, to get high satisfaction of clothing fit, we need to build up the data base of the consumers somatotype. The data base have to consist of not only circumference but also width, thickness, angle of the current consumers. Last, the further studies of the dress forms need to meet the clothing businesses demand.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.213-226
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• 2017

The behavior of building industry metal sheeting under shear forces has been extensively studied and equations have been developed to predict its shear stiffness. Building design engineers can make use of these equations to design a metal deck form bracing system. Bridge metal deck forms differ from building industry forms by both shape and connection detail. These two factors have implications for using these equations to predict the shear stiffness of deck form systems used in the bridge industry. The conventional eccentric connection of bridge metal deck forms reduces their shear stiffness dramatically. However, recent studies have shown that a simple modification to the connection detail can significantly increase the shear stiffness of bridge metal deck form panels. To the best of the author's knowledge currently there is not a design aid that can be used by bridge engineers to estimate the stiffness of bridge metal deck forms. Therefore, bridge engineers rely on previous test results to predict the stiffness of bridge metal deck forms in bracing applications. In an effort to provide a design aid for bridge design engineers to rely on bridge metal deck forms as a bracing source during construction, cantilever shear frame test results of bridge metal deck forms with and without edge stiffened panels have been compared with the SDI Diaphragm Design Manual and ECCS Diaphragm Stressed Skin Design Manual stiffness expressions used for building industry deck forms. The bridge metal deck form systems utilized in the tests consisted of sheets with thicknesses of 0.75 mm to 1.90 mm, heights of 50 mm to 75 mm and lengths of up to 2.7 m; which are representative of bridge metal deck forms frequently employed in steel bridge constructions. The results indicate that expressions provided in these manuals to predict the shear stiffness of building metal deck form panels can be used to estimate the shear stiffness of bridge metal deck form bracing systems with certain limitations. The SDI Diaphragm Design Manual expressions result in reasonable estimates for sheet thicknesses of 0.75 mm, 0.91 mm, and 1.21 mm and underestimate the shear stiffness of 1.52 and 1.90 mm thick bridge metal deck forms. Whereas, the ECCS Diaphragm Stressed Skin Design Manual expressions significantly underestimate the shear stiffness of bridge metal deck form systems for above mentioned deck thicknesses.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.71-84
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• 2000

In this study, design characteristics of Village Parks in Seoul are investigated through an analysis of structuring themes expressed in spatial design. The goals and objectives of this study are: to emphasize the significance of design themes; and to demonstrate an approach to the design of landscapes through an analysis of structuring themes. For conducting this study, geometric forms and naturalistic forms were examined first. That is, the following 15 structuring themes were examined, as guiding themes: the 90$^{\circ}$rectangular theme; the 45$^{\circ}$/90$^{\circ}$angular theme; the 30$^{\circ}$/60$^{\circ}$ angular theme; circles on circle; concentric circles and radii; arcs and tangents; circle segments; the ellipse; the spiral; the meander; the free ellipse and scallops; the free spiral; the irregular polygon; the organic edge; and clustering and fragmentation. Forty five Village Parks in Seoul, built between 1996 and 1997, were analyzed through these 15 structuring themes. An analysis of Village Parks was conducted by the following two categories: land shape and structuring themes; and design directions and structuring themes. The research results are as follows; 1) Geometric forms are more frequently applied than naturalistic forms. 2) Regardless of land shape, geometric forms derived from simple primary shapes, the square and the circle, are frequently used. And the meander and the irregular polygon among naturalistic forms are frequently used. 3) Regarding design directions and structuring themes, design concepts, symbolic meanings and spatial forms are, to some degree, integrated. 4) The spiral is not applied among geometric forms. And the meander and the irregular polygon, as naturalistic forms, are frequently utilized. Research findings obtained from this study could be used in the designing of future Village Parks. For a profound study, future, research is needed in two-dimensional plans and three-dimensional elements of Village Parks.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.319-326
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• 2015

This study investigates the behavioral characteristics and forms of phosphorus in the sediment according to the oxygen condition (aerobic/anaerobic). In the behavioral characteristics analysis, Al-P and Fe-P concentrations were the highest among the forms of inorganic phosphorus, and therefore had the strongest impact on sorption and release corresponding to environmental condition changes. In the experimental investigation of the inorganic forms of phosphorus in the sediment according to the oxygen condition, we determined that the forms of inorganic phosphorus did not greatly affect the sorption or release reaction because the distribution ratios of the inorganic forms remained constant corresponding to changes of dissolved oxygen (DO) conditions. In contrast, the forms of organic phosphorus in the sediments affected both sorption and release. Furthermore, labile-P and moderately labile-P forms were the major mechanisms of sorption in sediment. Moderately labile-P was the greatest contributor to phosphorus release action in sediment. As environmental changes are important for the behavioral characteristics of phosphorus in sediment, the forms of phosphorus should be considered to have a greater effect, especially in the organic phosphorus case. Therefore, based on the present study results, sediment evaluation aimed at controlling internal pollutants in reservoirs should include an examination of the forms of phosphorus present, as well as the release characteristics of environmental changes, which are influential factors of phosphorus control. Further research in this field is required.

• Journal of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.52 no.2
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• pp.333-347
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• 2015

In this paper, by using the modular forms of weight nk ($2{\leq}n{\in}\mathbb{N}$ and $k{\in}\mathbb{Z}$), we construct a formula which generates modular forms of weight 2nk+4. This formula consist of some known results in [14] and [4]. Moreover, we obtain Fourier expansion of these modular forms. We also give some properties of an operator related to the derivative formula. Finally, by using the function $j_4$, we obtain the Fourier coefficients of modular forms with weight 4.

• Bulletin of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.50 no.2
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• pp.559-581
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• 2013

This paper is motivated by a 2001 paper of Choie and Kim and a 2006 paper of Bump and Choie. The paper of Choie and Kim extends an earlier result of Bol for elliptic modular forms to the setting of Siegel and Jacobi forms. The paper of Bump and Choie provides a representation theoretic interpretation of the phenomenon, and shows how a natural generalization of Choie and Kim's result on Siegel modular forms follows from a natural conjecture regarding ($g$, K)-modules. In this paper, it is shown that the conjecture of Bump and Choie follows from work of Boe. A second proof which is along the lines of the proof given by Bump and Choie in the genus 2 case is also included, as is a similar treatment of the result of Choie and Kim on Jacobi forms.

• 중국학논총
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• no.63
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• pp.1-28
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• 2019

This study set out to examine the variant forms in the Korean block-printed edition of YouYangZaZu(酉陽雜俎)n terms of modifications of writing forms, increase and decrease of strokes, shortening and lengthening of strokes, connection and interruption of strokes, replacement of Pyeonbang(偏旁), and changing structures and positions. The study also aims to investigate the frequent uses and characteristics of variant forms. The findings show that the variant forms of YouYangZaZu(酉陽雜俎) include characters in some parts. There are 1,500 variant forms in the Korean block-printed edition of YouYangZaZu(酉陽雜俎)ith numerous characters of both various modifications and increasing or decreasing strokes based on the same characters. There are mixed uses of block letters and variant forms throughout the book from a single form to ten different forms of a character.