• Korean journal of applied entomology
• /
• v.26 no.3 s.72
• /
• pp.123-132
• /
• 1987

Vertical distribution of ants were studied in Jiri mountain by collecting 15 times at 42 sites for 3 years since 1984. 31 species of 16 genera in 3 subfamilies were collected during the survey. The following 6 species, i.e., Formica japonica, F. lemani, Lasius niger, L. alienus, Pheidole fervida and Myrmica ruginodis were dorminant one, but 9 species such as Leptothorax congruus, Pheidole nodus, Aphanogaster japonica, Jollenhovia emeryi, Camponotus tokioensis, Polyrhachis lamellidens, Phagiolepsis mandjurica, myrmica yessensis and M. sulcinodis were rare species. The ant of Jiri mountain consisted of 16 species in Formicinae, 13 species in Myrmicinae and 2 species in Ponerinae. Ponerinae was distbriuted as far as 1,800m, but Myrmicinae and Formicinae to 1,915m. Only 8 species-Myrmica ruginosis, Myrmica sp., M. yessensis, M. sulcinodis, Leptothorax acevorum, Formica japonica, F. lemani and Camponotus japonicus-were collected at the submit of Jiri mountain, Cheonwangbong. The vertical distribution of C. atrox was ranged from 800m to 1,800m.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
• /
• v.30 no.4
• /
• pp.409-412
• /
• 1999

The in vitro anticoagulant and fibrinolytic activities of crude extract from insects which have been used as traditional medicines. The extracts of Formica, Huechys and Eupolyph-aga/Steleophaga prolonged activated partial thromboplastin time and thrombin time compared to the value of the control. The fibrinolytic activity of insect extracts was also tested by fibrin plate method. We found that the extracts of Cicadae Periostracum, Eupolyphaga/Steleophdga, Mantidis $O{\ddot{o}}otheca$ and Huechys directly could hydrolyze the fibrin clot without the activation of plasminogen by plasminogen activators.

• The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
• /
• v.29 no.4
• /
• pp.13-23
• /
• 2016

Objectives: This study reports the effects of HongYi (Formica yessensis) pharmacopuncture on the women voiding dysfunction patients. Methods: The women patients who complain of voiding dysfunction were treated with HongYi pharmacopuncture for ten times. We measured the international prostate symptom score (IPSS) for five times and analyzed. Results: After treatment with HongYi pharmacopuncture for ten times, the IPSS was improved in all of the patients. Complaints of voiding dysfunction was reduced and other symptoms also improved. Conclusions: HongYi pharmacopuncture is effective on women patients complaining of urinary disturbance.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
• /
• v.37 no.2
• /
• pp.196-201
• /
• 2016

Objective: This study reports on the effects of HongYi (red ant, or Formica rufa Linne) pharmacopuncture through three cases involving female patients with voiding difficulty.Method: We treated the three patients with HongYi pharmacopuncture and evaluated them using the international prostate symptom score (IPSS), which is used for measuring the severity of voiding difficulty.Result: After treatment, the IPSS showed improvement in each patient. The symptoms of voiding difficulty and other complaints also improved.Conclusion: Based on the three cases, HongYi pharmacopuncture may be a viable option for treating voiding difficulty among women.

• Proceedings of the Zoological Society Korea Conference
• /
• 1999.10b
• /
• pp.73.1-73
• /
• 1999

No Abstract, See Full Text

• Korean journal of applied entomology
• /
• v.16 no.2 s.31
• /
• pp.105-113
• /
• 1977

In this paper have been examained the relation of tssk performance to body size. the variation of venation of males, sex ratio, breeding by forms of worker's pupae and structure by forms of workers's colony to nest size in polymorphism of polydomous red wood ant, Formica rufa truncicola var. yessoensis Forel in Korea. 1. The workers are classified into three forms, in which small form mainly performs itself the task of nursing in the nest and the visit to aphid from the outside of the nest, medium and large form mainly do not only the stinct of prey carrying from the outside of the nest and nest structure, but the task of protecting colony of outside. But the small forms visiting to aphid is not always fixed but seems to be changed with season. 2. The variation forms of venation of males are fourteen, generally, they have various variations of the discoidal. 3. Generally, sex ratio of Formica rufa truncicola var. yessoensis Forel is the same proportion, but it seems that there are some difference according to its characteristic of colony in each nest and polydomous colony structure in its habitat. 4. In summer season the medium form makes a colony in high proportion without any relations with the size of nest but. during hibernation, small form coasists in small nest, medium in medium nest and large in large nest. And so the structure of worker's colony by forms according to their nest size seems to be changed with season.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
• /
• v.28 no.5
• /
• pp.495-499
• /
• 2014

To search for myrmecochorous plant species, related ant species and diaspore selecting behaviour, collecting fruits and diaspores of four Corydalis species, cafeteria experiments, and the related ant species were studied from May 2013 to July 2014. Four Corydalis species recording in Korea were proved myrmecochorous (seed attached elaiosome) plants newly. Elaiosome shape of these species is spatulate-shaped, but their size is varied considerably in length and width. Significant differences is proved between four plant species in weight of diaspores, seeds and elaiosomes, and elaiosome ratios. Mean values of diaspores weight showed 4.08 mg, 2.56 mg, 2.49 mg and 2.06 mg in Corydalis grandicalyx, C. remota, C. turtschaninovii for. pectinata and C. turtschaninovii var. linearis, respectively. Mean values of seed weights showed 3.68 mg, 2.03 mg, 1.90 mg and 1.67 mg in Corydalis grandicalyx, C. remota, C. turtschaninovii for. pectinata and C. turtschaninovii var. linearis, respectively. Elaiosome ratio of C. turtschaninovii var. linearis was the highest, followed by C. remota, C. turtschaninovii for. pectinata and C. grandicalyx. Ant's preference for the diaspores is ordered as same as elaiosome ratio's order. Major ant species transporting the diaspores of Corydalis species are Formica japonica, Lasius alienus, Lasius japonicus and Tetramorium tsushimae. Formica japonica transports the diaspores most frequently. Ant's preference for the diaspores among plant species or individuals might be influenced on the survival rates of concerned species. Further studies on the myrmecochorous plant and related ant species, cafeteria experiments should be needed.

• Journal of Haehwa Medicine
• /
• v.25 no.1
• /
• pp.71-86
• /
• 2016

Objective : Hongyi (Formica yessensis) is the dried insect of fomicidae. In previous studies, it appeared possibilities on anti-thrombosis, preventing atherosclerosis, treating rheumatoid disease, and inhibiting hela cell. In this study, we investigated anti-inflammatory effects and mechanism of Hongyi. Methods : Hongyi A was extracted by water and made dried powder. Hongyi B was extracted by ethanol and made dried powder. We measured Nitric Oxide (NO) production on the mouse macrophages (RAW 264.7), mouse vascular endothelial cell (MOVAS) and human vascular endothelial cell (HUVEC) for anti-inflammatory effect. In addition, we conducted reverse transcription reaction (RT-PCR) for investigating the mechanism. Results : In RAW 264.7 macrophages stimulated by LPS, Hongyi A ($100{\mu}g/m{\ell}$) decreased NO production compared with LPS $2{\mu}g/ml$ control group with statistical significance (p<0.05). Hongyi A (50, $100{\mu}g/m{\ell}$) also decreased NO production compared with LPS $4{\mu}g/ml$ control group with statistical significance (p<0.01). Hongyi B (50, $100{\mu}g/m{\ell}$) decreased NO production compared with LPS $2{\mu}g/ml$ control group with statistical significance (p<0.01). Hongyi B (10, 50, $100{\mu}g/m{\ell}$) also decreased NO production compared with LPS $4{\mu}g/ml$ control group with statistical significance (p<0.01, p<0.001, p<0.001). In the MOVAS, Hongyi A and B increased NO production compared with control group. In the HUVEC, Hongyi B increased NO production compared with control group. The expression of NF-${\kappa}B$ in 12-hours MOVAS culture was decreased by Hongyi A and B (10, $50{\mu}g/ml$) compared with control group, but expression of $I{\kappa}B$ was increased. In the 24-hours MOVAS culture, expression of $I{\kappa}B$ was significantly increased. The expression of NF-${\kappa}B$ in 12-hours HUVEC culture was decreased by Hongyi A and B compared with control group, but expression of $I{\kappa}B$ was increased. Hongyi B also increased eNOS mRNA gene expression. Conclusions : Hongyi A and B showed anti-inflammatory effect in mouse macrophages with the activation of vascular endothelial cell through NO production in MOVAS and HUVEC repectively. Honyi B showed superior effect than Hongyi A, but additonal mechanism study should be conducted.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
• /
• v.12 no.3
• /
• pp.109-114
• /
• 1973

In order to use the red wood ants (Formica sp.) as a resources of natural enemy of pine caterpillar (Dendrolimus spectabilis Butler), the distribution of red wood ants in Gyeongnam Province, general ecology, and the limit of transplantation was investigated. The results obtained were summarized as follows: 1. Red wood ants preyed upon 1st to 3rd instar of pine caterpillar. 2. Red wood ants were distributed to 474 locations of 18 county, covering 7,702, $559m^2$ in Gyeongnam Province. 3. The distribution of red wood ants was $60\%$ in lower part, $39.5\%$ in middle part and $0.5\%$ in upper part of the mountain. 4. It seems that the height of building nest was directly proportional to the total number of each colony, showing the regression equation of Y=6,200 X-27,813, and the building nest was concerned with soil moisture. 5. It was possible to transplant the red wood ants from May to September, md 5 nests were built by the transplanted ants within one year.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
• /
• v.25 no.5
• /
• pp.685-690
• /
• 2011

To search for myrmecochorous plant species in Korea and their diaspore characteristics, the flowering and fruiting of herb species, collectiong their fruits and diaspores, and the related ant species were studied from April to September 2011. Twenty-four herb species growing in Korea prove myrmecochorous (seed attached elaiosome) plants. Elaiosomes of 24 herb species vary considerably in shape and size. Major ant species transporting the diaspore of myrmecochorous plants are Formica japonica, Lasius alienus, Tetramorium tsushimae, Temnothorax koreanus, Lasius japonicus, but Camponotus japonicus and Paratrechina sakurae do not transport the diaspores. This study found out that mutualism between myrmecochorous plants and ants is carried out in Korea. Further study on the myrmecochorous plant and related ant species, cafeteria experiments should be needed.