• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.151-166
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• 2013

This study aims to shed light on the diversity and complexity of design represented through modern fashion and to identify growth opportunities for globalizing and modernizing traditional clothing designs. To this end, formative trends and aesthetic characteristics of $21^{st}$ century fashion were analyzed, with an emphasis on Japanism reflected in the works of Western designers. The research methodology consisted of an analysis as well as a literature review. A total of 217 designs with Japanism characteristics were identified from the 2001 S/S collection to the 2011 S/S collection in Paris, Milano, New York, and London, and these were analyzed in terms of image, color details, pattern, and accessories. The research findings with regard to the characteristics of modern fashion designs that reflect Japanism were as follows. First, sensuality was projected by highlighting the erotic elements of Japanese clothing. Second, the underlying principles, styles, and elements of Japan's traditional clothing were embodied in a cross-cultural and eclectic manner that blurred the boundaries between styles by mix-and- matching the traditional and the contemporary, the East and the West, and different styles. Third, a variety of patterns, colors, accessories, and design techniques associated with Japanese traditional clothing played a critical role in creating flamboyant and decorative images in contemporary fashion. Fourth, the overlapping of the kimono style, the flat design that accentuates body curves, and the layered style has created a beautifully free-form fashion that demonstrates non-structural features.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.151-166
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to examine the Russian abstract artist Kazimir Malevich's works during the period of absolutism and thereupon, suggest some knitwear designs practical, decorative and creative. For this purpose, the researcher reviewed domestic and foreign literature, dissertations and academic journals to determine the Russian abstract fine art and the significance of Kazimir Malevich's works in the history of arts and thereupon, examined Malevich's works or the champions of absolutism in terms of their geometric formative elements or forms and colors. The results of this study can be summarized as follows; First, paintings may be important motives for the contemporary costume designs, while being a major driving power for development of some original designs depending on artists' personal thoughts and expression techniques. Second, this study is deemed to suggest creative and original techniques and motive applications for fashion designs by introducing the elements of Kazimir Malevich's paintings into costume designs, and provide for an opportunity to suggest new values by combining arts and fashion. Third, the knit jacquard technique, one of the major techniques for the knit design works using Kazimir Malevich's absolutism works, is considered a tubular jacquard featuring the deepest sense of thickness. The intarsia technique is preferred in the recent trend for light fabric because it features clear background patterns and allows for thinner fabric. Lastly, it is hoped that this study will serve to expand the domain of expression by means of an art marketing or meeting between arts and fashion in our contemporary industries.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.112-120
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• 2010

Generally, Interior design understood as shapes, lines, spaces, tones, quality, and principal. And people research these with a study of formative approach. The six elements of above categories are basis of expansion for the various designs. In this study, the represented design language is extracted by the basic 6 stages and re-divided into classes. This study presented by the Kobayashi-scale image of the current trends in the assignment to examine the cultural, functional, sensory vocabulary, three elements were classified by the assignment about 2008~2009 international fair by trend and design direction for the image. If we look into the categorized format of the design, it reflects mixed culture with emotional approach and shows direction of design constantly. Especially, compared to the year 2008, the design of year 2009 has tendency as an emotional translator regarding the verbal expression. In other words, it becomes more concrete to express the design of emotions for human beings. In addition, design shows detail of its flow with outcomes of past leading trend which was re-created shape. On the other hand, undeveloped cultures such as folk, historical, and unique cultures attract design leaders as it is. This research would make good relationship between designers and customers regarding the newly started international trend of design. Hereby I research with the method to reclassify the image of vocabulary from the image scale extract. It remains as a task to resolve ambiguous, complex and neutral expression for better understanding and definite analysis method to the public.

• Journal of Industrial Convergence
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.1-6
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• 2022

This study started with the design methodology for externally installed metal sculptures. As the scope and meaning of design grows, the concept of design is also used for externally installed sculptures, and there is a demand for a sculpture design that contains the story of the installation environment while being suitable for the surrounding environment. This concept is defined as an environmental sculpture only among formative artists. The concept of environmental sculptures is not fully known and academic research is also insufficiently performed. Therefore, in order to define externally installed sculptures as environmental sculptures, this study elaborated the concept and conditions of good design and the concept and role of environmental sculptures as a theoretical background, and classified the concepts and conditions of good design and the concepts and roles of environmental sculptures. Based on the previous theoretical studies, by utilizing the conditions of good design and the role of environmental sculptures, this study suggested that design development elements were completed as metal environmental sculptures and research works were presented. In conclusion, the design methodology for metal environmental sculptures has been presented, and various environmental sculpture design studies will continue and various paradigms of convergence environmental sculptures will be studied.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.59-67
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• 2012

Eugenio D'Ors, the writer of 'Lo Barroco' called Baroque in the 17th century as the ultimate nostalgia of humanity we can see anywhere, and when our exclusive mental state, classic consciousness, is weakened, countless things within self get to be expressed without limitation. He defines this as Baroque ego. In other words, the abyss of a being is expressed within self, and it gets to come into the abyss of art and be settled in it. Thereupon, this study focuses on the characteristics of such effects of abyss expressed in Baroque art to amplify the depth of space in art and architecture and also its productive effects and considers in what types the abyss gets to be expressed in art and architecture. As a result, it shows nonlinear characteristics whose outline of the model and structural body is invisible, depth resulted from overlapping, unity from formal repetition, and temporal continuity from movement. In other words, formative elements which extend the unit area of space conceptually can be summed up by nonlinearity, overlapping, unity, and movement. Also, in art and architecture, this accelerates men's emotional functions and at the same time, has productive effects to extend space visually. Baroque abyss can be seen as a proper solution to overcome problems which modern architecture implies ultimately, that is, the limitations of area definition.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.58 no.8
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• pp.74-90
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• 2008

Since the late of 20th Century, philosophy, art, and aesthetics have attention to the movement of object that persue the dynamics and qualitative change, not existing fixed and quantitative object. Qualitative continuity, including discontinuity of specific spot and surface that occurs sudden change, is distinct characteristics considered in contemporary logo civilization, which combines and disperses according as various purpose among the different elements and objects. Therefore, I studied about the characteristics of qualitative continuity that creates the change and the differentiation continuously through the "formative characteristics of the continuity expressed in contemporary fashion" of my preceding paper. This paper is the following study of above mentioned paper, and Investigates about aesthetic consciousness leading to the various change. This is intends to consider the trans-aesthetic consciousness that accepts dynamic movement and change the different object and reforms new relationship continuously. This studies' conclusion is as follows; 1) sublimity-Infinity, de-constructive, excessive 2) jouissance - functional, structural 3) paradox-perceptual, spatial. A study about the trans-aesthetic consciousness would help to offer philosophical basis, and make a change building aesthetic foundation in explaining various relationship like as phenomenon of the retro, neo, post, fusion expressed since the late of 20th Century.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.36 no.5
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• pp.573-582
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• 2012

This work is to develop a T-shirt by adopting a unique cloud pattern (a good auspicious sign as design material) from traditional native Korean patterns for application to various cultural products and textile design cloth patterns; subsequently, a T-shirt design was processed based on this. As a research method, computer design programs Adobe Illustrator CS3 and Adobe Photoshop CS3 were used along with a literature examination as part of motive for design development and pattern realization. Three basic motives were selected as a new formative image in this work, utilizing graphical elements such as abridgement and simplicity of pattern, where flower-shaped cloud pattern, uprising cloud pattern, and 卍-shaped or swastika-shaped pattern of traditional cloud patterns were selected. Each motive diverged into two motives via the shape transformation and the application of different colors. The newly developed basic motive was further processed into a combination of one-time repeat pattern, stripe pattern, and application pattern with mixed cloud motives (that were previously developed), which altogether turned out to be 36 pieces of textile design. In addition, with newly developed motive designs and textile designs, a total of 12 shirt designs for 4 pieces were developed for these three each. The shirt design was developed into a shirt blouse, sleeveless T-shirt, half-sleeve T-shirt, and sports T-shirt among others in order to fit various uses and purposes.

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.393-426
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• 2016

The qualities of the technological artifact of online shopping websites and the overall support delivered by the service provider through the website are generally agreed to be crucial elements in creating customer satisfaction and loyalty. However, a lack of consensus exists on how those qualities are related to each other, what they consist of, and how they can be conceptualized. Based on relevant literature and using a servicescape framework as a theoretical lens, we divide online shopping website qualities into information and system qualities and argue that both factors affect service quality. We conceptualize each of the three types of quality as a second-order formative construct comprising its most salient quality dimensions: information quality consisting of reliability, understandability, currency, and relevance; system quality consisting of usability, availability, and responsiveness; and service quality consisting of efficiency and fulfillment. Our model of how information, system, and service qualities are related to one another and to customer satisfaction and loyalty is then tested empirically with a data set of 570 online shopping customers. Our integrated model reconciles the seemingly contradictory conceptualizations of previous researchers and provides an effective way to create customer satisfaction and loyalty.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.91-106
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• 2004

This study focuses on the sportism expressed in the modern fashion. Many factors attribute to the advent of sportism such as rapid development and cultural changes toward sports, increase in leisure time, new fashion materials resulting from new technologies, youth culture and postmodernism. Designers gazing into the future are inspired by the details and functionality of clothing for snow boarding, skiing, rock-climbing and fitness. While the sportswear is the term whith stemmed from the need for functionally in sports, the Sportism is the style inspired by the formative elements, that is, the details, the silhouette, and the colors of the sportswear. New technologies for sports, the powerful influence of youthful culture, and the celebritizations of the sports stars made the sports look more popular. It can be categorized into three aesthetic values, i.e., the functional sportism, the street sportism, and the futuristic sportism. The functional sportism is expressed with the details of function, simplicity, and no useless ornament, the street sportism with fun, androgynous and unisex mode and the image of hip-hop look and traditional look, the futuristic sportism with new high tech fabrics and cyber style. The characters of these are a sence of unisex, sensualness, ostentation, renovation.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.77-87
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to analize the types of symbol concretely, one of a constituent elements of brand, using in Apparel Brands and to examine the meaning of symbol in the internet site of each brand and to evaluate the symbols in the aesthetic dimension and to suggest a basic data of the branding strategy for marketers. For this purpose, 41 Apparel Brands were selected from fashion magazine and the types of symbol used in the Apparel Brands were classified into three types. According to the formative characters of symbol, there were word symbol, descriptive symbol and abstractive symbol. The results of the study were following: the order was the descriptive symbol, word symbol, and abstractive symbol. The percentages of using symbols were descriptive symbol(61%), word symbol(29%), and abstractive symbol(l0%). The Apparel Brands used the most frequently the descriptive symbol that represents or symbolizes a concrete object to represent the image of brand. The abstractive symbol that use a graphic style or geometrical form to deliver the character of brand was used lowest. From this results, we could find that the descriptive symbol was used to deliver/notify the character or image of company's own brand easy and quickly to consumers in symbolic meaning making use of a concrete object such as a animal, plant, specific object or fictitious person, etc than word or abstractive symbol.