• Proceedings of the KOR-BRONCHOESO Conference
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• 1983.05a
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• pp.9.2-9
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• 1983

We have observed 74 cases of radiolucent foreign bodies in food and air passage in E. N. T. department of Hang Gang Sacred Hospital, from Jan. 1972 to Mar. 1983. The following results were obtained. 1) Distribution of location was 56 cases(75.6 %) in food passage and 18 cases (24.4 %) in air passage. 2) In age distribution, 46 cases (82.1 %) of F. B. in food passage were found in patient over 21 years old and 12 cases (66.7 %) of F. B. in air passage were found in patient under 5 years old. 3) Female seems to be more frequently involved than male in cases of F. B. of food passage and in cases of air passage, male is more frequent. Food passage male: female - - - 25 : 31 Air passage male: female - - - 10 : 8 4) Meats was the most frequent foreign body in food passage (19 cases-33.9%), and the bony pieces was next (17 cases-30.4 %). Plastic material was the most frequent foreign body in air passage (9 cases-49.9 %), and the vegetable seed was the second (4cases-22.0 %). 5) In the location of F. B. in food passage, the first narrowing of the esophagus was the most frequent site and in air passage, the bronchus-especially right bronchus-was the most frequent site. 6) In the duration of lodgement, 44 cases(78.6 %) of F.B. in food passage were visited with - in 24 hours, and 11 cases (61 %) of F. B. in air passage were visited with - in 24 hours. 7) Simple chest PA was checked in all patient and then, esophagogram was checked in 34 cases of F.B. in food passage, among them positive finding was noticed in 23 cases. 8) Removal of F. B. in food passage by esophagoscopy was performed in 54 cases (96.4 %), but in the cases of air passage, removal of F. B. by bronchoscopy was performed in 14 cases (77.8 %). 9) Complications of food passage by the F. B. itself or esophagoscopy were esophageal mucosal laceration (1 cases-1.8 %) and esophageal perforation (1 case -1. 8 %) and complication of air passage by F. B. itself or bronchoscopy were atelectasis (2 cases -11.1 %) and pneumonia (3 cases-16.7 %).

• Proceedings of the KOR-BRONCHOESO Conference
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• 1982.05a
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• pp.8.1-8
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• 1982

Foreign bodies in the airway are very import-tant and not uncommon conditions in the field of E.N.T., and practically there are many reports of them. Occasionally, it can be followed by some pulmonary complications and technical difficulty to remove. Therefore, foreign body in the trachea-bronchial tree is serious and, on occasion, fatal. Recently, the authors experienced 7 interesting cases of foreign bodies in the airway and a brief review of literature was made. Case 1. (1 year old male): A bit of walnut was coughed out spontaneously. Case 2. (2 years old male): A bit of raw chestnut was removed from the right main bronchus. Case 3. (21 Years old male): A pushpin was removed from the left main bronchus. Case 4. (1 year old male): A kind of bean was removed from the right main vronchus. Case 5. (4 years old male): A coiled steel spring (1.1cm$\times$2cm) was removed from the subglottic region. Case 6. (5 years old female): A shell of pine nut which had been impacted in the wall of right main bronchus was removed during right middle and lower lobectomy. Case 7. (2 years old male): A metal nail was removed from the rightposterior basal segmental bronchus during right lower lobectomy.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.18 no.8
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• pp.385-390
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to analyze the cases of endangered species protection campaigns of domestic and foreign enterprises and to present improvement points and direction. Therefore, this study analyzed the cases and characteristics of the campaign by setting above small and medium sized domestic and foreign companies as subjects for research. The study found that there were mainly campaigns conducted in cooperation with large environmental organizations in Korea, and as an IT powerhouse, there were examples of such campaigns. Foreign companies independently participated in environmental protection, and cases of fashion and cosmetic brand campaigns were easily found. Based on these characteristics, this study aims to present improvements and directions for animal protection campaigns in the future.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.183-192
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• 2022

The role that English currently plays is undeniable. It has become the most common means of communication among native speakers of several languages around the world. English penetrates into all areas of people's daily lives. In the field of Information Technology (IT), English has taken a dominant position, as many of the terms used on a daily basis are written in English. The purpose of the article is to analyze the linguistic features of anglicisms in the field of Information Technology. Methods. The research is based on systematic and comparative analysis, dialectical method, as well as methods of classification and generalization. Results. This study presents the results of compiling a multilingual glossary with anglicisms used in the GitHub and 3D Slicer fields. Despite the limited number of terms included in the glossary, the article provides a lot of evidence for the influence of the English language in the areas of Information Technology, GitHub and 3D Slicer under consideration. The types of anglicisms used in the 3D Slicer area seem to be more diverse than in the GitHub area. This study found that five European languages use language strategies to solve any communication problem. The multilingual glossary showed that in some cases there is a coexistence between Anglicism and the native term. In other cases, the English term is the only one used in different languages. There are cases when only the native language is used. Conclusions. This study is a useful tool that helps to improve the efficiency of communication between engineers and technicians who speak different native languages. The ultimate goal of this research will be to create a multilingual glossary that is still under development and is likely to cover other IT areas such as Python and VTK.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.57 no.2
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• pp.140-142
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• 2015

Penetrating neck injuries constitute 5-10% of all trauma cases. These injuries may cause life-threatening suppurative or vascular complications, but the severity and extent of damage depends upon the inflicting object and the involved structures. If significant complications are not expected, then it is best to leave the foreign body embedded and avoid surgical risks. We present a rare case of a foreign body embedded in the neck causing tinnitus and foreign body sensation.

• Proceedings of the KOR-BRONCHOESO Conference
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• 1982.05a
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• pp.5.3-6
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• 1982

Foreign body in the air passage is not uncommon in the field of otolaryngology. The majority of bronchial foreign bodies can be removed by bronchoscopy, but some cases may require surgical procedure. Recently, we experienced an impacted foreign body (ball-pointed pen cap) in the left main bronchus with pneumothorax on the right side. Authors tried bronchoscopic removal under the general anesthesia but failed. Lateral thoracotomy was performed by chest surgeon and foreign body was successfully removed.

• Proceedings of the KOR-BRONCHOESO Conference
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• 1979.05a
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• pp.6.1-6
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• 1979

Though complications of foreign bodies in the esophagus are rare, they are sometimes fatal due to injuries to the esophageal wall by sharp pieces of bone, metals, long-term lodgement of foreign bodies in the esophagus or a little inadvertence during diagnostic or therapeutic esophagoscopy on patients with esophageal diseases. Therefore, failure to early diagnose and adequately treat the complications will lead to high morbidity and mortality. The authors have experienced 21 cases of complications of foreign bodies in the esophagus caused by foreign bodies themselves or inadvertence during esophagoscopy. So we report them with literature review.

• Proceedings of the KOR-BRONCHOESO Conference
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• 1983.05a
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• pp.13.2-13
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• 1983

Foreign bodies in air and food passages are not uncommon conditions in otolaryngological field and we can find out numerous causes of esophageal foreign bodies in literatures. Radiological exammination is essential and important method in diagnosis of foreign bodies in esophagus. The authors experienced a case of foreign body double coins, in esophagus in a 4-year - old girl and the authors emphasizing that in cases of esophageal foreign bodies radiological examination should always be included lateral view as well as anteroposterior view of neck especially when coins in the esophagus is suspected.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.157-165
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• 2007

Purpose: Ingested foreign bodies are removed by endoscopy, surgery or spontaneous passage, however, the decision of therapeutic modality chosen depends on the type, size, shape and location of the ingested foreign bodies. Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate the rate and characteristics of foreign bodies that were passed spontaneously out of the intestine. Methods: One hundred and sixty patients who visited Samsung Medical Center for treatment of gastrointestinal foreign bodies between January 2001 to July 2007 were enrolled in this study. Related data was colleted by reviewing the medical records of patients with proven foreign bodies retrospectively, as well as by conducting phone interviews with the parents of the patients. All cases were classified based on the nature and location of the ingested foreign body, as well as whether it was treated by spontaneous passage. Results: Of the 160 cases involving the passage of foreign bodies in children were included in this study (95 boys and 65 girls), endoscopic removals, operative removals or spontaneous passages were conducted in 80, 3 and 77 patients, respectively. The spontaneous passage rates for each type of object were as follows; coins (36.5%), bead and baduk stones (83.3%), long and sharp materials (52.6%), magnets (69.2%) and disc batteries (50.0%). In cases involving round-shaped foreign bodies, such as coins, the diverse spontaneous passage rates were more diverse. When foreign bodies were stuck below esophagus, similar sized coins and baduk stones had spontaneous passage rates greater than 80% regardless of age. Conclusion: It is better for clinicians to wait for spontaneous passage to occur in cases involving coins or round-shaped foreign bodies that are located at or below the stomach.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.337-342
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• 1977

A clinical analysis was performed on 383 cases of chest injurjes experienced at Department of Thoracic Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital during 21 year period from 1957 to 1977. Of 383 patients of chest injuries, 209 cases were result from nonpenetrating injuries whereas 175 were from penetrating injuries, and there were 258 cases of hemothorax or/and pneumothorax, 162 of rib fracture, 33 of foreign body, 26 of clavicle fracture, 26 of lung contusion, 17 of diaphragmatic laceration, 14 of hemopericardium, 14 of flail chest and others. Stab wound was the most common in penetrating injuries and followed by gunshot and shell fragments. The majority of nonpenetrating chest injury patients were traffic accident victims. and fails accounted for the next largest group of accidents. Chest injuries were frequently encountered in the age group between 16 and 50 years, and 321 patients were male comparing to 62 of female. In blunt chest injuries the patients with five or more rib fractures had a 85 per cent incidence-of intrathoracic injury and 19 per cent had an intraabdominal organ damage, whereas those with four or less rib fractures had a 69 per cent and a 6 per cent incidence respectively. The principal associated injuries were cerebral contusion on 19 cases, renal contusion on 10, liver laceration on 7, peripheral vessel laceration on 5, spleen laceration on 3 and extremity fracture on 18 patients. The principles of therapy for early complications of chest trauma were rapid reexpansion of the lungs by thoracentesis [46 cases] and closed thoracotomy [125 cases] but open thoracotomy .had to be done on 90 cases [23-5%] because of massive bleeding or intrapleural hematoma, foreign body, cardiac injury, diaphragmatic laceration and bronchial rupture. The over all mortality was 2.87 per cent [11 among 383 cases], 8 cases were from penetrating injuries and 3 from nonpenetrating injuries.