• 식품과학과 산업
• /
• 제50권2호
• /
• pp.12-26
• /
• 2017

Processing steps such as washing and cutting, involved in preparing fresh-cut produce causes tissue damage, leading to rapid quality deterioration. Major defects of fresh-cut produce are discoloration, softening, off-odor development, and microbial growth. Packaging of fresh-cut produce has been changed to reduce these quality problems. Flexible packaging film is widely used to pack fresh-cut produce. Vacuum packaging was the popular packaging method in the beginning of fresh-cut industry in Korea. Vacuum packaging creates high $CO_2$ and low $O_2$ levels to control browning of fresh-cut produce. However, these conditions induce some visual defects and off-odor development. Discoloration problem was also found when fresh-cut produce was packaged with conventional packaging film or plastic tray. Modified atmosphere (MA) packaging is effective for prolonging shelf-life of fresh-cut produce by decreasing $O_2$ and increasing $CO_2$ concentration in the package. Retail MA packaging using different oxygen transmission rate (OTR) film and micro-perforated film has started to be applied to fresh-cut produce in Korea. Proper MA package design that provides optimum range of $O_2$ and $CO_2$ partial pressures is one of the major challenges in the industry. An initial package flushing with $N_2$ or an low $O_2$/high $CO_2$ atmosphere is also used to more rapidly establish steady-state MA condition. Film OTR and $O_2$ flushing affects the fermentative volatile production, off-odor development, electrolyte leakage, discoloration, $CO_2$ injury, microbial population of fresh-cut produce. There is also a demand for convenient packaging to attract consumers. Rigid fresh-cut produce container for retail market has increased since the packaging provides excellent protection from physical damage during transport. Rigid tray used as actual serving vessel for the consumer is increasing in Korea. The tray with flexible lid to wrap or seal fresh-cut produce is more and more gaining popularity. Further practical technology to control quality change and microbial growth for each fresh-cut product has been studied since various fresh-cut items were required. The fresh-cut industry also focuses on searching for more convenient and environmentally friendly packaging.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• 제56권3호
• /
• pp.330-347
• /
• 2023

Purpose: This study identified words closely associated with the keyword "dietary supplement" (DS) using big data in Korean social media and investigated consumer perceptions and trends related to DSs before (2019) and after the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic (2021). Methods: A total of 37,313 keywords were found for the 2019 period, and 35,336 keywords were found for the 2021 period using blogs and cafes on Daum and Naver. Results were derived by text mining, semantic networking, network visualization analysis, and sentiment analysis. Results: The DS-related keywords that frequently appeared before and after COVID-19 were "recommend", "vitamin", "health", "children", "multiple", and "lactobacillus". "Calcium", "lutein", "skin", and "immunity" also had high frequency-inverse document frequency (TF-IDF) values. These keywords imply a keen interest in DSs among Korean consumers. Big data results also reflected social phenomena related to DSs; for example, "baby" and "pregnant woman" had lower TD-IDF values after the pandemic, suggesting lower marriage and birth rates but higher values for "joint", indicating reduced physical activity. A network centered on vitamins and health care was produced by semantic network analysis in 2019. In 2021, values were highest for deficiency and need, indicating that individuals were searching for DSs after the COVID-19 pandemic due to a lack an awareness of the need for adequate nutrient intake. Before the pandemic, DSs and vitamins were associated with healthcare and life cycle-related topics, such as pregnancy, but after the COVID-19 pandemic, consumer interests changed to disease prevention and treatment. Conclusion: This study provides meaningful clues regarding consumer perceptions and trends related to DSs before and after the COVID-19 pandemic and fundamental data on the effect of the pandemic on consumer interest in dietary supplements.

• 한국경영과학회지
• /
• 제32권1호
• /
• pp.77-91
• /
• 2007

In this paper, we present a symbiotic evolutionary algorithm for multi-objective optimization. The goal in multi-objective evolutionary algorithms (MOEAs) is to find a set of well-distributed solutions close to the true Pareto optimal solutions. Most of the existing MOEAs operate one population that consists of individuals representing the entire solution to the problem. The proposed algorithm has a two-leveled structure. The structure is intended to improve the capability of searching diverse and food solutions. At the lower level there exist several populations, each of which represents a partial solution to the entire problem, and at the upper level there is one population whose individuals represent the entire solutions to the problem. The parallel search with partial solutions at the lower level and the Integrated search with entire solutions at the upper level are carried out simultaneously. The performance of the proposed algorithm is compared with those of the existing algorithms in terms of convergence and diversity. The optimization problems with continuous variables and discrete variables are used as test-bed problems. The experimental results confirm the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
• /
• 제25권1호
• /
• pp.1-18
• /
• 2008

Objectives : The aim of this study is to investigate the properties of Meridian Gi in $\ulcorner$Huangdineijing(黃帝內經)$\lrcorner$, specially one of the movement properties like that comings and goings of Gi. Methods : Through searching concepts and properties of Meridian Gi in several chapters of $\ulcorner$Huangdineijing(黃帝內經)$\lrcorner$, many phrases concerned with that properties could be explained and reconstructed into new motional shape of Meridian Gi. Results : The basic characters of comings and goings of Meridian Gi or genuine Gi originate from food essence, and that are like a kind of waves. The most important moments of acupuncture treatment is such time of it's short passing the acupoints, carrying out tonifying and purging methods by controlling the spirit. Conclusions : The Meridian Gi consists of anti-pathogenic Gi so called genuine Gi and pathogenic Gi. Medical doctor must correctly knows the flow of Meridian Gi to operate tonifying and purging method of acupuncture treatments in order to get the desired results. Also maintaining very sensitive state in diagnostic process, the most important key points is to control the spirit and adjust mental activities of both doctors and patients. The motional properties of Meridian Gi are actually concerned with the arrival of Gi and reinforcement-reduction along and against Meridian Gi.

• Agribusiness and Information Management
• /
• 제1권1호
• /
• pp.63-83
• /
• 2009

This study was performed to investigate the status of using agricultural information and develope desirable strategy to offer agricultural information for leaf vegetables farmers. 187 farmers are surveyed to collect data. Many farmers get agricultural information through various channel. They satisfied with agricultural information contents, rightness of time but dissatisfied with the easiness of gain, fitness of information relatively. And the mean score of farmer's information needs on agricultural information were higher than that of theoretical mean. relatively high items were new seed information, technology of cultivation, pesticide purchase and prevention, laborer finding, consumer information, the trend of leaf vegetables price, marketing place, government's agricultural policy and laws etc. To make farmers get information easily, we recommend to gather information at one place and provide them on internet portal site composed with information related for paddy rice farmers. To make desirable information service system, farmers should bring up their internet searching ability, and agricultural extension officers in count/city have to make effort to provide useful information more often by various communication methods such as visiting farmers, using internet or e-mail service, pamphlet, and so on.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
• /
• 제12권4호
• /
• pp.350-354
• /
• 2005

황금의 천연항균제 개발을 위하여 황금의 일반성분 및 미량물질들을 분석하였으며 항균활성물질의 검색을 위하여 LC-MS를 이용하였고 검색되어진 성분들에 대해서는 항균력 비교시험을 하였으며 항균활성물질들에 대해서는 HPLC를 이용하여 그 양을 정량하였다. 황금의 일반성분으로는 수분 $8.93\%$, 탄수화물 $67.93\%$, 조회분 $4.13\%$, 조단백질 $15.30\%$ 및 조지방 $3.71\%$ 이었고 미량성분에 있어서는 칼륨 12,050mg/kg과 마그네슘4,296 mg/kg의 함량이 현저하게 높았다. LC-MS 분석결과 황금추출물에 있어서 분자량 445의 peak는 baicalin, 분자량 283의 peak는 wogonin, 분자량 269의 peak는 baicalein으로 확인되었다. disk method를 이용하여 항균력을 시험한 결과 baicalin이 주된 항균물질임을 추정할 수 있었으며, 메탄올 및 물추출물의 baicalin 함량을 분석한 결과 물추출물은 $0.75\%$이었고 메탄올추출물은 $0.82\%$로서 메탄올추출물에 있어서 baicalin 함량이 약간 높은 결과를 얻었다.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
• /
• 제17권5호
• /
• pp.644-652
• /
• 2007

본 연구는 초등학교 $5{\sim}6$학년 아동의 식품군의 섭취 횟수 및 활동량을 조사하여 2005년 한국영양학회의 영양 섭취 기준에 따른 식사 구성안의 식품군 일일 권장 섭취 횟수와 비교하였으며, 또한 질병 가족력이 있는 아동의 식품군 섭취 횟수, 비만도, 활동량 등을 분석하여 질병 위험 요인을 조사하였다. 1. 남아의 경우 83.2% 정상 체중, 7.4% 경도 비만, 7.4% 중등도 비만, 2% 고도 비만으로 나타났고, 여아는 89.9% 정상 체중, 6.2% 경도 비만, 3.5% 중등도 비만, 0.5% 고도 비만으로 나타났다(p<0.05). 남아의 54%가 일일 $1{\sim}2$시간의 신체 활동을 하는 반면 여아의 대부분(80%)은 일일 1시간 미만의 신체 활동을 하는 것으로 조사되었다(p<0.05). 2. 성별에 따른 식품군 섭취 횟수는 채소군 에서만 유의적인 차이가 나타났으며(p<0.05), 일일 권장 섭취 횟수에 대한 순응도는 곡류군($4{\sim}5$회/일)에서 가장 높았으며, 어육류 군과 우유 군의 경우 순응도가 매우 낮았다. 성별에 따른 일일 고지방 스낵 섭취 횟수에는 차이가 없었으나(남아 32%, 여아 34%), 일일 고당질 스낵 섭취 횟수에는 유의적인 차이가 있었다(남아 24%, 여아 34% p<0.05). 3. 비만 가족력이 있는 아동의 경우 가족력이 없는 아동에 비해 비만 아동이 많았으며(p<0.05), 고당질 스낵(p<0.05)이나 고지방 스낵(p<0.05)을 매일 섭취하는 비율도 대조군에 비해 유의적으로 높았다(p<0.05). 조사된 주요 식품군 중 채소군과 고혈압 가족력의 상관성(p<0.05)을 제외하고는 생활습관병 가족력 유무에 따른 주요식품군 섭취에 유의적인 차이가 없는 것으로 나타났다. 우리나라는 날로 생활 습관병의 발병율이 높아지고 있으며, 그로 인한 경제적인 손실도 증가하고 있다. 생활 습관병은 일단 발병하면 치유가 어려우므로 미리 예방하는 것이 최선의 방법이다. 생활 습관병의 위험요인 중 식생활 및 신체 활동습관은 우리의 의지로 조절이 가능하며 초등학교 5, 6학년은 특히 본인의 의지에 의해 식품을 선택할 수 있는 시기이므로 이 시기의 효과적인 영양교육은 매우 중요하다. 따라서 다양한 식품을 선택하고 균형 있는 식생활을 위한 영양섭취 기준과 식사 구성안에 대한 영양 교육이 필요하며, 특히 당뇨병이나 비만 가족력이 있는 아동에 대한 체계적인 건강 및 영양 관리가 한국인의 생활 습관병의 발병 위험을 줄이는데 도움이 될 것으로 사려된다.

• 한국조리학회지
• /
• 제22권4호
• /
• pp.81-94
• /
• 2016

본 연구의 목적은 외식관련 전공자의 노동시장 이행에 영향을 미치는 요인에 대한 상대적 중요도를 측정하고자 한다. 이러한 목적을 달성하기 위해 외식관련 전공자의 노동시장 이행에 영향을 미치는 요인들로서 개인배경, 학력, 노동시장 이행 준비노력 요인 등을 계층 2로 설정하였으며, 계층에 있는 요소들에 대한 상대 평가를 통해 각 요소들이 가지는 중요도를 산출해 내는 기법인 계층분석기법을 사용하였다. 분석결과를 살펴보면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 계층 2의 경우 노동시장 이행 준비노력의 상대적 중요도가 가장 높게 나타났다. 반면에, 4년제 대학의 외식관련 전공자의 경우, 학력 요인의 상대적 중요도가 가장 높게 나타났다. 둘째, 계층 3 중 개인배경요인의 경우 성별의 상대적 가중치가 가장 높게 나타났다. 학력 요인의 경우, 대학유형의 상대적 가중치가 가장 높게 나타났다. 노동시장 이행 준비노력 요인의 경우, 재학 중 국외 근로경험과 구직경로의 상대적 가중치가 높게 나타났으며, 직업훈련 경험의 상대적 가중치는 가장 낮게 나타났다. 셋째, 복합 가중치를 분석한 결과를 살펴보면 대학유형의 복합가중치가 가장 높게 나타났다. 향후 연구에서는 외식관련 산업체의 업종과 업태를 보다 세분화하여 영향 요인을 분석하고, 이를 토대로 전공자의 진로분야별 맞춤형 진로지도가 이루어져야 할 것이다.

• 한국지역사회생활과학회지
• /
• 제17권3호
• /
• pp.159-174
• /
• 2006

The purpose of this study is to provide information searching for health promotion, nutrition improvement, and health care of the impaired elderly by ADL(Activity of Daily Living) and IADL(Instrumental Activity of Daily Living). The subjects were divided into the Assistant Needed Group and No Assistant Needed Group for living in line with the responses of ADL(10 items like dressing, washing, move etc.) and IADL(10 items like housekeeping, using transportation, shopping, Phone call etc.). Survey was made for health behavior, health risk habit, dietary management status and diet intake by 24 hr-recall and questionnaire method. 242 subjects were collected in 12 cities or Gun districts in Gyeonggi Province, S. Korea. Survey was carried out by regional home extension workers using interview method. Statistical analyses were made using SAS (Version 8.1). Chi-Square Tests and General Linear Models. The subjects of impaired ADL elderly was 26.5% and it composed 30% of the total male and 22.2% of the total female. The demographic status of the impaired ADL elderly showed no difference from that of the normal elders, elementary school educated (73.4%), with spouse (43.8%) or with adult children(37.5%), using monthly living cost of 500-1,000 thousand won(35.9%). Mean age was 74.05 years compared to 72.25 years of normal elders. However, there was no significant difference from the normal and impaired ADL group, regular exercise(60.0%), with walking (90.0%), no-smoke(54.7%) and no-drink(48.4%). Kind of disease was not different from the one in impaired and normal group, with cardiovascular disease(32.3%), with diabetes mellitus(8.1%), joint lumbago neuralgia(32.3%) and osteoporosis(9.7%). Gastrointestinal complaints of the impaired ADL group were nausea(57.8%), chronic indigestion (23.4%), constipation (14,0%) and vomiting(3.7%). Sleeping time required for the impaired was longer than that for the normal group by 10hours(4.7%) or 8-10hours(20.3%), which consisted 1.7% and 16.6% respectively. Nutrient intake of the impaired ADL group was low compared to normal range elders: Energy(1260kca1), Protein(52.75g). There was gender difference in nutrient intake; the male impaired group showed no significant difference from the normal group but it was significantly lower in female impaired group. These results suggest that low quality of life and low economic status of the impaired ADL elderly require congregate meal in village hall to cover the lack of side dishe variety. And nutrition education program including community assistance would be required for the impaired ADL elderly together with the sufficient food and exercise practice. By operating nutrition education program, the impaired ADL elderly would maintain more enhanced quality of life and ameliorate the ADL capability.

• 한국응용곤충학회지
• /
• 제60권3호
• /
• pp.287-304
• /
• 2021

우리나라의 천적 연구는 1995년부터 본격적으로 추진되었다. 25여 년이 지난 지금 1990년부터 2020년까지 한국응용곤충학회지에 발표된 논문은 약 130편으로 전체 약 1,550편의 8.4%가 천적에 관한 논문이었다. 이들 논문 중에는 1990년대에는 천적을 탐색하여 생물적 특성 연구에 관한 논문의 비율이 높았고, 2010년대에는 개발된 천적을 농가 현장에 적용하는 논문의 비율이 높았다. 이러한 연구의 결과로 국내 토착 천적이 24종, 도입 천적이 13종이 개발되어 총 37종의 우수 천적이 개발되었다. 또한 개발된 천적이 현장에 활용될 수 있도록 천적 활용 기술서 및 매뉴얼을 약 28종 이상 개발되었다. 이처럼 지금까지 천적 탐색, 생물적 특성 연구, 및 생산·이용 기술 측면에서 많은 성과가 있었으나 앞으로 추진하여야 할 과제도 많이 남아 있다. 우리나라 농작물 재배상황에 맞는 우수 천적을 탐색하거나 도입하는 연구, 비용을 절감할 수 있는 연중 대량생산 기술, 천적의 생산 및 유통 과정에 품질을 유지할 수 있는 기술, 및 천적과 저독성 작물보호제를 조화롭게 사용할 수 있는 기술 개발 등이 필요할 것으로 생각된다.