• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.113-121
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• 2013

목 적 : 본 연구에서는 침치료가 비만치료의 주요방법인 식욕억제에 효과적인지 알아보기 위하여 굶긴 쥐 시상하부에서 NPY와 LR의 발현 변화를 실험을 통하여 연구하였다. 방 법 : 생후 6주 Sprague-Dawley rats를 한 군에 다섯 마리씩 배정하여 대조군-무치료, 대조군-이침치료, 대조군-족삼리치료, 대조군-임의혈치료, 실험군-무치료, 실험군-이침치료, 실험군-족삼리치료, 실험군-임의혈치료의 8군으로 분류하여 실험하였다. 실험군은 3일간 물만 공급하고 사료를 금식시켰고, 침자극은 하루 2회 3일간 시행하였다. 침은 직경 0.3 mm 이었고, 양측혈을 사용하였고, 2-4 mm 깊이로 자입 하였으며, 20분 유침하였다. 3일 후 pentobarbital로 마취하여 사망시켰고, 4% paraformaldehyde로 조직을 고정한 후 뇌조직을 관상으로 $40{\mu}m$두께로 잘랐다. 식욕조절중후인 시상하부의 paraventricular nucleus(PVN)에서 NPY와 LR의 발현을 면역조직법으로 보았다. 결 과 : 굶기지 않은 대조군에 비하여 굶긴 실험군에서 시상하부 PVN 에서 NPY의 증가와 LR 감소가 나타났다. 굶긴 실험군에 이침, 족삼리, 임의혈 자침시 시상하부 PVN 에서 NPY의 감소가 나타났으며, 이침이 타침 자침에 비하여 NPY의 감소를 더욱 크게 나타냈다. 굶기지 않은 정상상태에서 이침, 족삼리, 임의혈 자침시 NPY의 증가가 있었으며 이는 자침에 의한 스트레스로 인한 것으로 보여진다. 굶긴 실험군에 이침 자침 시에만 시상하부 PVN에서 LR의 증가가 있었으며 정상상태에서 자침시 LR 발현의 변화는 없었다. 결 론 : 이상의 연구결과로서 이침치료가 식욕을 억제하는데 가장 유의한 효과가 있는 것으로 나타났다.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제28권5호
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• pp.548-557
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• 2014

The purpose of this study was to understand how vegetarian diets in Taiwanese hospitals are well established and provide suggestion for successful implementation in Korea. Micro-ethnographic case study with in-depth interviews, field observations, and paper reviews were used for this study. Experiences of doctors and nutritionists from Taiwanese hospitals where deliver vegetarian hospital diets were analyzed. This research found out Taiwanese life respect culture has influence on introducing vegetarian diets in hospital, besides most Participants agreed to use vegetarian diets for the medical purpose according to their clinic experiences and research results. Meanwhile there is no restriction to compel patients to keep vegetarian diets. All participants answered food has a large effect on the human body and further study on vegetarian diets' efficacy is required. The hospital chief's decision making is crucial to introduce vegetarian diets in hospitals. For the bigger picture, social supports, organizational supports and national policy supports are all important factors for it. The implications and recommendations for Korean hospitals were discussed. The public awareness for vegetarian diet for medical purpose along with research on its efficacy would be needed. In order to make good use of a vegetarian diet for medical purposes, we first need to build a vegetarian-friendly environment, go deep into the study of a diet's effects using diverse methodologies, and combine the diet with traditional medicine theory. Based on the results of this primary study, more related studies should be carried out in the future.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제8권10호
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• pp.301-308
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• 2008

본 연구의 목적은 태권도 선수들을 대상으로 운동, 식이제한, 탈수의 방법으로 단기간 체중감량을 했을 때 체력, MDA와 SOD의 변화를 규명하는 것이다. 이를 위한 피험자는 10명의 대학 태권도 선수가 참여했고, 이들은 경력 7년 이상의 기능이 우수한 선수들이다. 체중감량의 기간과 수준은 1주일간 자기체중의 5%로 한정하였다. 체중감량 전후 체력, MDA와 SOD가 측정되었다. 체력은 근력, 근지구력, 유연성, 민첩성, 평형성 그리고 반응시간이 측정되었고 혈액 검사는 MDA와 SOD가 분석되었다. 자료는 체중감량 전후로 종속 t 검증으로 유의성은 .05로 분석되었다. 첫째, 단기 체중감량에 의한 체력은 근력, 근지구력, 유연성, 민첩성, 평형성 그리고 반응시간에 있어서 유의한 차이가 없었다. 둘째, 단기 체중감량에 의한 MDA와 SOD는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 따라서 엘리트 태권도 선수들에 있어서 단기 체중감량에 의한 자기체중의 5% 감량은 운동수행력과 생리적 효과에 영향을 미치지 못했다. 따라서 선수와 코치들은 1주일간 자기체중 의 5%를 감량함에 있어서 운동, 식이 그리고 탈수를 고려하도록 노력해야 할 것이다.

• 한국학교보건학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.47-60
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• 2008

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to compare Fast foods and Soft drinks consumption of Korean adolescents in a large city, a medium city, and a rural area. Methods: This was a descriptive comparative survey using a convenience sample of 2,261 8th and 11th grade students. The data were analyzed by X2-test and ANOVA using SPSS 10.0 statistical program. Results: For fast food consumptions, the higher in a large city than in a medium city and a rural area(p=.000). For soft drinks in a school, cafeteria or vending machines was higher in a large city and a medium city then in a rural area(p=.000). For eating snacks including cookies and popcorns was higher among students in a rural area than those in a medium city and large city(p=.008). Conclusions: 1. Overall, the health information among rural students is lower than those among other areas, as well as taking a health education course among rural students is also lower. Thus, the health inequality by regional differences should be considered. To decrease health inequality among different regions, health professionals who can systematically teach a health education course for middle and high school students and undertake students' health are needed. 2. Soft drinks sold in schools are higher in a large city and medium city than in a rural area. Therefore, there is a need of strong regulations and policies about the restriction of soft drinks sold in vending machines or school cafeterias.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제55권2호
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• pp.137-142
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• 2017

Cryptosporidium and Cyclospora are well-known coccidian protozoa that can cause waterborne and food-borne diarrheal illnesses. There have been a few reports regarding contamination in different vegetables with Cryptosporidium, but no data are available regarding the sources of Cyclospora infections in Korea. In the present study, we collected 6 kinds of vegetables (perilla leaves, winter-grown cabbages, chives, sprouts, blueberries, and cherry tomatoes) from July 2014 to June 2015, and investigated contamination by these 2 protozoa using multiplex quantitative real-time PCR. Among 404 vegetables, Cryptosporidium and Cyclospora were detected in 31 (7.7%) and 5 (1.2%) samples, respectively. In addition, Cryptosporidium was isolated from all 6 kinds of vegetables, whereas Cyclospora was detected in 4 kinds of vegetables (except perilla leaves and chives). Cryptosporidium (17.8%) and Cyclospora (2.9%) had the highest detection rates in chives and winter-grown cabbages, respectively. Cryptosporidium was detected all year long; however, Cyclospora was detected only from October to January. In 2 samples (sprout and blueberry), both Cryptosporidium and Cyclospora were detected. Further investigations using TaqI restriction enzyme fragmentation and nested PCR confirmed Cryptosporidium parvum and Cyclospora cayetanensis, respectively. In conclusion, we detected C. cayetanensis in vegetables for the first time in Korea. This suggests that screening should be employed to prevent these protozoal infections in Korea.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.252-257
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• 2005

Background: This study was designed to investigate the effect of exercise training on defense mechanism of chronic degenerative disease, aging, and memory impairments of senescence-accelerated mouse (SAM)P8 under the hypothesis that "Senile dementia may be prevented by regular exercises". Methods: To evaluate the effects of exercise training on the defense mechanism of aging and memory impairment, SAMP8 were divided into two groups, the control group and exercise training groups. the exercise training group were performed with low $(\dot{V}O_2max\;25{\sim}33%)$, middle ($\dot{V}O_2max$ 50%) and high $(\dot{V}O_2max\;66{\sim}75%)$ intensity exercise. All SAMP8 mice were fed experimental diet ad libitum until 4, 8 months, and dead period. Results: Median lifespan in middle exercise group resulted in a significantly increased (23.5% and 18.7%, respectively), whereas these lifespan in high exercise group resulted in an unexpectedly decreased (13.5% and 12.1%, respectively) compared with control group. Body fat levels in 4 and 8 months of age were significantly decreased 43% to 51% in middle exercise group, whereas were remarkably deceased to 57% in high exercise group compared with control group. It is believed that extended median and maximum lifespan may be effected by calory restriction through the exercise training. Acetylcholine (ACh) levels were significantly increased 6.7% and 8.5% in middle and high exercise groups, and also choline acetyltransfease (ChAT) activities were significantly increased 10.3% and 11.9% in middle and high exercise groups. Conclusion: These results suggest that proper and regular exercises such as middle group ($\dot{V}O_2max$ 50%) may play an effective role in attenuating an oxygen radicals and may play an important role in improving a learning and memory impairments of senile dementia.

• BMB Reports
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.20-24
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• 1999

The first step of the branch pathway in tryptophan biosynthesis is catalyzed by anthranilate synthase, which is subjected to feedback inhibition by the end product of the pathway. The $trpE^{FBR}$ gene from a mutant Escherichia coli strain coding for anthranilate synthase that was insensitive to feedback inhibition by tryptophan has been cloned. To identify the amino acid changes involved in the feedback regulation of anthranilate synthase, the nucleotide sequence of the mutant $trpE^{FBR}$ gene was determined. Sequence analysis of the $trpE^{FBR}$ gene revealed that four bases were changed in the structural gene while alteration was not found in the 5' control region. Among these base changes, only two base substitutions caused the alterations in amino acid sequences. From the results of restriction fragment exchange mapping, the 61st nucleotide, C to A substitution, that changed $Pro^{21}{\rightarrow}Ser$ was identified as the cause of the desensitization to feedback inhibition by tryptophan. Additional feedback-resistant enzymes of the E. coli anthranilate synthases were constructed by site-directed mutagenesis to examine the effect of the $Ser^{40}\;{\rightarrow}\;Arg^{40}$ change found in the $trpE^{FBR}$ gene of Brevibacterium lactofermentum. From the feedback inhibition analysis, the $Pro^{21}{\rightarrow}Ser$ and $Ser^{40}{\rightarrow}Arg$ mutants maintained about 50% and 90% of their maximal activities, respectively, even at the extreme concentration of 10 mM tryptophan. From these results, we suggest that the $Pro^{21}$ and $Ser^{40}$ residues are involved in the tryptophan binding in the E. coli enzyme.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제15권9호
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• pp.1237-1243
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• 2002

We have developed a reliable and noninvasive method for swine genotyping of single locus nuclear gene with aged single hair follicles delivered by general mail. The method is based on booster and nested PCR amplification with step-wise increase of primers and dNTPs concentrations followed by restriction endonuclease digestion. To establish this method, the ryanodine receptor (RYR 1) locus which is an economically important trait in swine industry was employed for genotyping experiment. The 3-step PCR amplication method is much less dependent on the quantity and quality of template DNA and produces enough amplification product for the detection on the ethidium bromide-stained gel such as RFLP analysis. A total of 120 pigs were subjected to the RYR 1 genotyping analysis using three-step PCR method which amplified enough quantity of PCR products from the aged single hair follicles for RFLP analysis and genotyping results were identical to the results of the corresponding ethanol-fixed skeletal muscle tissue. This approach will be a great help for porcine breeders and investigators in genotyping of swine. They can receive genotyping results later by simply plucking single hairs of their pigs at farm and sending them in general mail to the diagnostic laboratory which eliminates the inconveniences to collect ear tissue or blood cells from pigs, or the investigator's need for travel to farms in order to collect fresh hair samples.

• 한국버섯학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.51-56
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• 2018

우리나라에서 표고버섯은 소비자의 선호도가 매우 높고, 전체 임산버섯 생산량의 약 97.7%를 차지하고 있는 매우 중요한 단기소득임산물중 하나이다. 이러한 표고버섯은 최근 신품종의 개발이 활발히 이루어지고 있어, 육종가의 권리 보호를 위하여 품종을 구분할 수 있는 분자마커 개발이 요구되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 신품종 '산마루2호'를 37개의 표고버섯 품종으로부터 구분할 수 있는 CAPS 마커를 개발하였다. '산마루2호'의 유전체에서 Scaffold 2번 1803483에 위치한 단일염기 다형성(SNP)이 확인되었고, 이 SNP를 포함하여 증폭한 DNA는 제한효소 Hhal에 의하여 특이적으로 절단되지 않아 다른 표고버섯 품종들과 구분되었다.

• 한국생활과학회지
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.733-742
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• 2014

Atopic dermatitis is a chronic relapsing inflammatory skin disease. In the past years, numbers of children with atopic dermatitis has increased all over the world. Objective of this study was to evaluate awareness of students in atopy-friendly elementary schools about environmentally-friendly grown agricultural products and their practice levels for dietary guidelines. This study was conducted by using a questionnaire on 116 students from three atopy-friendly schools in Jin-an, Jeong-eup, and Gwang-ju and 124 students from general elementary schools. According to the results, the numbers of children who suffer from atopic dermatitis between atopy-friendly schools and general schools were not significantly different. Among, students with atopic dermatitis, more students in atopy-friendly school, compared to general school, restricted foods. Since different school feeding services have been provided, students in atopy-friendly schools generally get more information about the environmentally-friendly agricultural products through nutrition education. However, most results did not show differences in knowledge levels and practice levels for dietary guidelines for children between students in atopy-friendly schools and general schools about environmentally-friendly produces. However, students in atopy-friendly schools less frequently eat cookies, soda drinks, or fast foods. In conclusion, appropriate program for nutrition education should be provided to elementary school students with atopic dermatitis.