• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.39 no.6
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• pp.924-937
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• 2015

This study surveyed the recognition and credibility of infant's organic cotton apparel and examined the current quality of children's organic cotton clothes available in the market. This study contributes to improve fabric certification programs and safety standards by understanding customer opinions and actual quality. A customer survey revealed that customers believe that organic cotton products should not include chemicals such as pesticides, fluorescent whitening agents and chemical colors; in addition, customers have high expectations for safety as well as worries about the products' validity. Children's underwear was the most purchased item category among organic cotton products. Current organic cotton certification programs are voluntary with multiple organizations that provide various certification standards. A total of 34.2% of children's organic cotton clothes sold at online and offline stores were not certified, and 10.5% had invalid certification information. This may substantially lower the credibility of organic cotton products and requires immediate change. Examination of organic cotton products showed that products do not meet customer expectations for quality and safety: 3 out of 8 products used accessories (buttons and wappens) that include harmful chemicals such as lead, phthalate and formaldehyde, 6 products used fluorescent whitening agents, and 4 products used other fabrics such as rayon, polyurethane and polyester. GOTS mark is the most recognized organic certification, but it still allows the usage of fluorescent whitening agents, which indicates a gap between customer opinions and actual certification standards. Managing national-level mandatory certification programs like food and setting quality standards that meets customer expectations are required to enhance the credibility of organic cotton products.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.26 no.10
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• pp.1701-1707
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• 2016

Lipoxygenase (LOX) is an industrial enzyme with wide applications in food and pharmaceutical industries. The available structure information indicates that eukaryotic LOXs consist of N terminus β-barrel and C terminus catalytic domains. However, the latest crystal structure of Pseudomonas aeruginosa LOX shows it is significantly different from those of eukaryotic LOXs, including the N-terminal helix domain. In this paper, the functions of this N-terminal helix domain in the soluble expression and catalysis of P. aeruginosa LOX were analyzed. Genetic truncation of this helix domain resulted in an insoluble P. aeruginosa LOX mutant. The active C-terminal domain was obtained by dispase digestion of the P. aeruginosa LOX derivative containing the genetically introduced dispase recognition sites. This functional C-terminal domain showed raised substrate affinity but reduced catalytic activity and thermostability. Crystal structure analyses demonstrate that the broken polar contacts connecting the two domains and the exposed hydrophobic substrate binding pocket may contribute to the insoluble expression of the C terminus domain and the changes in the enzyme properties. Our data suggest that the N terminus domain of P. aeruginosa LOX is required for its soluble expression in E. coli, which is different from that of the eukaryotic LOXs. Besides this, this N-terminal domain is not necessary for catalysis but shows positive effects on the enzyme properties. The results presented here provide new and valuable information on the functions of the N terminus helix domain of P. aeruginosa LOX and further improvement of its enzyme properties by molecular modification.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.14 no.10
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• pp.4830-4836
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• 2013

This research was launched as an attempt to help create a new value-added product called "Green Jujube Chip." To accomplish the objectives, consumers value by attributes of Green Jujube Chip should be estimated. We used Choice Experiment for analysis, which we used to arrive at pricing of specialty jujube chips based on the conditional logit model. As a result, MWTP were estimated at 1333 Won/unit for Mid-size Company Product, 1752 Won/unit for Large Company Product, 1703 Won/unit for University Affiliation, 350 Won/unit for packing unit, 548 Won/unit for rating the raw fruit, 1,322 Won/unit for HACCP, and 1,166 Won/unit for ISO22000. The consumer's WTP for Green Juju Chip, associated with the university-brand recognition, was higher than a product produced by a mid-sized company but lower than a product by a large company. Given how the consumers regard the university-brand product as a specialty item, it is necessary to create value-added products that meet such high expectation. Therefore, we recommend the producers to acquire HACCP Food Safety Certification and the value-added product has used the highest quality raw fruit.

• Journal of Technologic Dentistry
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.179-199
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• 2012

Purpose: This study was conducted to prepare the fundamental data on oral hygiene of the elderly and to assess the behavior of oral hygiene, subjective oral health, oral health problem among the elderly, and to contribute to successful enhancement of life in their declining years. Methods: The author surveyed the behavior of oral hygiene, subjective oral health, oral health problem to 192 elderly at a health center of Busan using structured self- administered questionnaire from Nov. 2nd 2009 to Feb. 10th 2010. Collected data were analysed by SPSS WIN 18.0 statistical program for frequency, percentage production, ${\chi}^2$ (Chi-square) verification, t-test, One-way ANOVA, Logistic Regression. Results: The distribution of total subjects by oral health behaviors were 56.8% for "have ever trained how to tooth brushing", 76.6% for "correctly performed tooth brushing by himself ", 71.8% for "tooth brushing a day is two times and less", 87.5% for "it doesn't tooth brushing in meals and after" and 53.6% for "it doesn't use the facility for oral health", respectively. The distribution of total subjects by the state of perceived oral health were 51.0% for "feel the oral discomfort", 51.6% for "feel the comfortable chewing on starchy food", respectively. The mean point of perceived oral health by general characteristics of total subjects were statistically significant difference in sex, type of medical insurance, smoke, exercise, and chronic disease. The mean point of perceived oral health by oral health behaviors of total subjects were statistically significant difference in educational experience on tooth brushing, recognition for tooth brushing by himself, tooth brushing a day, and tongue cleaning. The risk factors of perceived oral health were type of medical insurance and chronic disease in general characteristics, tooth brushing in meals and after and tooth brushing a day, and tongue cleaning in oral health behaviors. Conclusion: The author recommend to the prevention of chronic disease, carry out the tooth brushing in meals and after, three times and over tooth brushing a day and tongue cleaning for oral health. and the author consider that it need to prepare the active countermeasure to oral health such as reeducation for oral health and supply to the tongue cleaner.

• The Journal of Korean Medical History
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.49-59
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• 2016

Ginseng, a Korean native herb, has been a symbol of mystic cure-all which provides longevity benefits throughout Korean history. According to Chinese historical records, a major source of wild ginseng has been described as Korean peninsula, which is the most suitable ginseng production area, and the Manchu region near Mt. Baekdu and the Maritime Province. Since Tang dynasty period (618-917 CE), Chinese has also called ginseng as "Goryeo Ginseng", which is named after "Goguryeo" (37 BCE-668 CE), an ancient kingdom of Korea, from which they mainly imported the herb as the region was famous for its high quality of ginseng. To date, it refers to Korean ginseng. This study compares the medicinal properties of ginseng as stated in the ancient Korean medical books with the major Korean historical records regarding the usage of ginseng and its symbolism of longevity in everyday life. By contrasting these findings, we tried to figure out how the actual medicinal properties of ginseng and the anticipation of longevity are related. It was confirmed that the expectations about longevity were widely applied to everyday life. In addition, the study investigates the various usage of ginseng as a motive for decorative patterns and as an ingredient for daily products including snacks, health drinks, various types of food, clothing patterns, and so on. Finally, the usage of ginseng ingredients in the cosmetic products fulfilled the desire of Korean people to purchase, showing the aesthetic recognition and medicinal understandings about the herb. These findings suggest that ginseng is an important medicinal agent that not only symbolizes longevity and good health but also has a great influence on the lives of Koreans.

• Journal of Agricultural Extension & Community Development
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.231-243
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• 1997

Objective of the study was to investigate characteristics and meanings of the agricultural extension work during the period of Japanese $rule(1906{\sim}1945)$ through historical review on the work. The agricultural extension work during the period of Japanese rule was categorized into six patterns such as agricultural extension work by (1) government agricultural administration system, (2) agricultural experiment/research institute, (3) public school, (4) through the movement of rural development(Nong-chon-Jinheung Undong), (5) pro-government private organization, and (6) pure private organization. In conclusion, the characteristics of the extension work were defined; 1) a tool and/or method for colonial rule, 2) non-democratic and top-down extension work by administration, 3) authoritative and coercive work initiated by governmental system, 4) nation wide work of cooperation with public and private organization, 5) extension work focused on production increasing food and industrial materials, and 6) extension work initiated by government system without participation of pure private organization. The meanings of the extension work were reviewed in two ways. Firstly, in macro point of view, the work has negative meaning that was utilized as a tool and/or method for Japanese colonial rule, since the extension work was implemented under the direction of agricultural policy and was also directly related to the policy of Japanese colonial government. Secondly, in micro point of view, the work has significant meaning either negative or positive such as 1) beginning of modernized extension work based on experiment and research, 2) introduction of forcible agricultural extension work, 3) inducement of distrust tendency to agricultural policy and agricultural extension work, 4) establishment of basis in hardware of agricultural extension work, 5) production of experience in software of agricultural extension work, and 6) improvement of recognition toward scientific farming and improvement of level in agricultural techniques.

• Journal of the Korean Dietetic Association
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.118-129
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to investigate perceptions of Korean foods and school foodservice satisfaction levels among middle school students as provided by a Korean menu-focused school foodservice. The study subjects included middle school freshmen attending a school providing Korean menus and their parents. A survey questionnaire was administered to obtain information on general characteristics, perceptions of traditional Korean foods, and degrees of satisfaction toward school foodservice. The student subjects had significantly lower interest and preference for traditional Korean foods and less positive perceptions of traditional Korean foods than the parent subjects. In regard to degrees of satisfaction for school foodservice, the students evaluated the current Korean menu-focused foodservice significantly higher than the previous foodservice provided to them during their elementary school days. The parent subjects' also generally reported very high satisfaction levels of the foodservice. The current study findings suggest there are positive effects of Korean-style school foodservice and support its further expansion to other schools. It is recommended that dietary education on the excellence of traditional Korean foods should accompany the provision of Korean-style foodservices in order to better guide adolescents' recognition of the matter.

• Journal of Dairy Science and Biotechnology
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.55-60
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• 2006

The common recognition which the organic baby foods is compared as safe to baby does not mean there is especially plentiful nutrition in organic product. Because the mineral content of agricultural products is partly influenced by the soil quality, chemical fertilizer may change the mineral contents of the products. In that case, it may result in the possibility of the change of the contents of the agricultural vegetable products. However, the contents and the compositions of vitamin, carbohydrate, protein and fatty acids does not change largely from their original nutrition facts of the organic foods. The most advantage of organic baby foods seems to protect the agricultural products from the possibility of chemical contamination. It must be the most strong desire of all the consumers to provide and to nurse their babies with the high quality of baby foods made from organic food materials which are safe, reliable and healthier. That would also be a sincerely good way for the environment and ecosystem of the world.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.43 no.7 s.209
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• pp.67-77
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to survey the concern for nutrition and the degree of nutritional knowledge of elementary school children's parents and their perception on the eating habits of their children. This study also investigated the effects of the concern for nutrition and the nutritional knowledge on the eating habits of their children. The questionnaire was answered by 383 mothers and fathers in the Kyonggi area. The general nutritional attitude and the perception of their children's eating habits were represented by frequencies and analyzed tv chi-square test, and Fisher's exact test. The difference of nutritional knowledge was represented tv mean and S.D. and was analyzed by one-way ANOVA test. Statistical significance was tested at the 0.05 level. The main results of the study are summarized as follows. 1) Parents had a comparatively deep concern for nutrition and a high level of knowledge. With increasing concern for nutrition, nutritional knowledge tended to be better and the higher proportion of participation in the nutritional education program increased. 2) The majority$(58.5\%)$ of the subjects thought that the eating habit of their children was not appropriate. The subjects had relatively high recognition about their children's eating habits and pointed out the unbalanced diet, snacks, and skipping a meal among their children's eating habits. Nevertheless, there were no significantly differences among the concern for nutrition of the parents and perception on their children's eating habits. As the parents' nutritional attitude, concern for nutrition, and nutritional knowledge can affect the children's eating habits, tire suggest that schools open nutritional education programs for parents in order to acquire proper food and nutrition information, and that schools and homes should be more closely connected.

• The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.499-509
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• 2015

Efforts to have children consume milk continue across the world for the sufficient supply of calcium and protein. This study examines the frequency and amount of dairy milk and the recognition, acceptability, and knowledge of milk and dairy products by considering fifth- and sixth-graders in Hwaseong, Korea. The acceptability of milk and dairy products measured based on a five-point Likert-type scale was assessed to determine its correlations with breakfast frequency, the frequency of milk intake, and milk knowledge. According to descriptive statistics, 47% and 53% of the subjects were fifth- and sixth-graders, respectively, 53% and 47% were male and female, respectively, 45.3% and 51.2% had mothers in their thirties and forties, respectively, and 57% had working mothers. Breakfast frequency was 5.2 and 5.3 times per week, and milk and dairy intake was 4.6 times. The milk knowledge score was 5.3 out of 10 points. The average daily intake of milk was a cup (55.1%), and a vast majority preferred white milk (68.6%). Ice cream bar type (4.49 points) and cone type (4.48 points) showed the highest acceptability, and breakfast frequency was positively correlated with white milk and cheddar cheese (p<0.01). Daily milk intake frequency was positively correlated with white milk and fortified milk. Milk knowledge was positively correlation with white milk, fortified milk, functional yogurt (p <0.05), fermented milk, and cheese (p<0.01). The higher the breakfast frequency, the more likely the intake of white milk (p<0.01). An increase in milk intake increased milk knowledge (p<0.05). The higher the level of knowledge, the more likely the intake of fortified milk and the frequency of milk intake. These results suggest that school lunch milk may increase awareness and milk intake through continuing education in milk knowledge. High acceptability scores for white milk, fortified milk, and fermented milk indicate their suitability for school milk consumption.