• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 2000년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.40-47
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• 2000

This purpose of this study is two-fold, First is the forcasting the railway connection between South and North Korea. Second is the problem of the connection the lines. We analyse that the connection of transport volume is 530-620thousandTeu in 2005. And it is increased 360-410thousandTeu in 2010. Therefore, we must expand the line, and prepare the efficient CIQ procedure. Finally, we prepare the masterplan of integration railway network of South and North Korea.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.68-76
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• 2012

Contemporary architecture has a tendency to concretely approach based on the concept of Deuleuze's 'fold' diversity problems creating continuously potential diversities within Post-structural paradigm. Contemporary architecture relates to human life through its relation with human being. The research investigates through case study the possible relation of the concept of Deulezue's 'fold', one of his concepts of 'unfolding' based on Monadology, with logic of creation that constructs a space in contemporary architectural space. Eight contemporary architectural spaces since 1990 with architectural embodiment of Deulezue's 'fold' concept have been selected as cases. Based on the fact that the potential possibility of a space can be embodied by the thinking of 'fold', the research draws four physical activities such as 'properties connection', 'beyond border', 'diversity of circulation' and 'potential opportunity', through which it studies on the principle of actualization of space creation. Consideration of metaphysical theory as a pre-modern and outdated one may lose a huge potentiality. Leibniz's metaphysics can be rediscovered as a model that provides diverse potentiality. The concept of 'fold' in Monadology needs be reconsidered because it possibly suggests a methodology that embodies through the actualization of space the meanings underlain in contemporary architectural space.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.50-62
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• 2002

From modernism to post-modernism, the practice in the design field often reduced the complexity of environment and to remove variety. However, contemporary ideas of space have been changed. The current thought premise is that the environment is mutable and is evolving according to inner and outer forces and elements. Therefore, leading designers recognize that the environment is complex in itself while anticipating a new theory explaining on-going trends. The idea of fold formulated by Gilles Deleuze can provide a theoretical base for new environmental design in constrat to current design practices. The fold is a hybrid by accommodating complex relations within an object. It carries a dynamic world view through continual process and yields a topological space against absolute space like Euclid geometry. The characteristics of the fold can be paraphrased as rhizome, stratification and smooth space. Rhizome forms a non-hierarchial connection like networking in internet space. Stratification is a kind of superimposition of autonomous potential layers within a single object. Smooth space is a free space and event oriented space keeping non-linear form. This study tried to incorporate the idea of fold to environmental design methods and design process in order to make space which can correspond with complex environment and topological form. In the design process adapted to fold theory, rhizome analysis accepts the complexity of environment and stratification strategy embraces the possibility of accidental use. As a result, the designed park carries a monadic image and produces an ambiguous space. Lastly, smooth space makes topological space unlike Euclid geometry and is free space comosed by the user themselves. Transporting the idea of fold into environmental design could be an alterative way for indeterminate and flexible design to accept new identity of place. Therefore, this study accepts the concept of incidental morphogenesis to make space based on the complexity of environment. The designed space based on the idea of fold searches to create free event space determined by user rather than designated by designer.

• 한국건설순환자원학회논문집
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.66-71
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• 2018

일반적으로 소구경 말뚝을 이용한 기존교각의 확대보강을 시행하는 경우 접합부의 일체성을 유지하기 위해 후 설치 앵커 중에서 이형철근을 사용한 부착식 앵커를 사용한다. 그러나 부착식 앵커의 경우 접합재의 종류 등에 따라 성능이 크게 좌우됨에도 불구하고 기계식 앵커와는 달리 설계방법의 표준화와 함께 적절한 성능평가를 위한 표준적인 실험방법도 제시되지 않고 있는 실정이다. 이에 따라 본 연구에서는 철근의 겹이음 및 앵커철근을 이용한 모형실험을 실시하여 부착식 앵커의 성능에 대한 평가를 수행하였다. 실험 결과, 접합하지 않은 시험체의 구조 성능이 가장 우수하게 나타났으며, 파괴양상은 펀칭전단 파괴로 나타났다. 연결되지 않은 부재가 연결된 부재보다는 부재 끝단의 처짐이 더 작게 발생되며, 큰 크기로 연결된 부재의 처짐이 작게 연결된 부재의 처짐보다는 크게 나타나, 하중이 증가할수록 앵커 철근 또는 겹이음 철근의 미끌림 등의 현상이 발생될 가능성이 큰 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.515-526
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• 2009

From traditional ceremony to science technology, origami was used as technique for artistic creativity and functionality based on formative characteristics. The purpose of this study is to analyze the expressive characteristics of functionality in fashion design using origami technique. The method of this study was to analyze recent documentaries, fashion books, fashion magazines, internet web site and so forth. The results were as follows: In various fields of design, the category of the expressive characteristics was classified as efficient correspondence of space, compositive convergence of function, variable potentiality of form and human ergonomic optimum. In recent origami fashion based on functionality, the efficient correspondence of space was expressed constructive or decorative pocket design, using on clothing surface and varied design by lifestyle. The compositive convergence of function was expressed innovative connection of fashion items or non-fashion items and deconstructed classical clothing pattern. The variable potentiality of form was expressed control of form by irregular fold, dynamic metamorphosis by organic fold and creation of varied clothing silhouette. The human ergonomic optimum was expressed metamorphosis mechanism from two dimension to three dimension, suitable construction to physical ability and limit and organic form based on articular folding. The functional origami fashion means reflection of nomadic lifestyle, maximum of usability, pursuit of playful sensibility, creation of new body aesthetic and pursuit of technology and humanism. And the result of these study may be used for creative inspiration in fashion design because of unique characteristics.

• 한국공간구조학회논문집
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.69-76
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• 2021

Precast concrete (PC) modules have been increased its use in modular buildings due to their better seismic performance than steel modules. The main issue of the PC module is to ensure structural performance with appropriate connection methods. This study proposed a PC modular beam system for simple construction and improved structural and splicing performance. This modular system consisted of modules with steel plates inserted, and it is easy to construct by bolted connection. The steel plates play the role of tensile rebar and stirrup, which has the advantage of structural performance. The structural performance of the proposed PC modular beam system was evaluated by flexural test on one reinforced concrete (RC) beam specimen consisting of a monolithic, and two PC specimens with the proposed PC modular beam system. The results demonstrated that the proposed PC modular beam system achieved approximately 86% of the structural performance compared to the RC monolithic specimen, with similar ductility of approximately 1.06 fold greater.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.735-752
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• 2015

The effectiveness of seismic retrofitting of RC-frame buildings by converting selected bays into new walls through infilling with RC walls was studied experimentally using a full-scale four-storey model tested with the pseudo-dynamic (PsD) method. The frames were designed and detailed for gravity loads only using different connection details between the walls and the bounding frame. In order to simulate the experimental response, two numerical models were formulated differing at the level of modelling. The purpose of this paper is to illustrate the capabilities of these models to simulate the experimental nonlinear behaviour of the tested RC building strengthened with RC infill walls and comment on their effectiveness. The comparison between the capacity, in terms of peak ground acceleration, of the strengthened frame and the one of the bare frame, which was obtained numerically, has shown a five-fold increase.

• Spatial Information Research
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.115-131
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• 1997

지하매설물은 지방자치단체, 통신공사, 전력공사, 도시가스회사, 지역난방공사 등 관리주체가 다양하며, 서로 다른 기본도 사용에 따른 중복투자발생, 관리부서별 다양한 도면 및 대장자료의 산재, 다양한 관리기관별 업무협조체제의 부재로 인해 통합된 정보부재 등의 문제를 안고 있다. 선진외국에서 GIS를 이용하여 지하매설물을 체계적으로 관리하고, 도시안전관리에도 기여함을 고려할 때, 지하매설물의 효율적 관리방안으로서 GIS 도입에 대한 연구가 절실함을 느낀다. 본 연구에서는 첫째 지하매설물 관리기관별 지하매설물 관리실태를 파악하고 둘째 서울시 지하매설물 관련기관에서 사용할 수 있는 확장성있는 데이터베이스 표준안을 작성하였으며 셋째 지하매설물 데이터베이스 구축에 있어 탐사에 의한 방법과 기존의 각 관리기관에서 보유하고 있는 도면을 이용하는 방법에 대한 가능성 검증 및 기존도면을 이용하여 데이터베이스를 구축하는 경우의 입력절차를 제안하고, 넷째 데이터베이스 구축 후 유지관리를 위한 방안에 대한 대안을 제시하였다.

• 호남수학학술지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.45-69
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• 1983

The hermitian structures on complex manifolds have been studied by several mathematicians ([1], [2], and [3]), and the Kähler structure on hermitian manifolds have been so much too ([6], [12], and [15]). There has been some gradual progress in studying the invariant forms on Grassmann manifolds ([17]). The purpose of this dissertation is to prove the Theorem 3.4 and the Theorem 4.7, with relation to the nature of complex Grassmann manifolds. In $\S$ 2. in order to prove the Theorem 4.7, which will be explicated further in $\S$ 4, the concepts of the hermitian structure, connection and curvature have been defined. and the characteristic nature about these were proved. (Proposition 2.3, 2.4, 2.9, 2.11, and 2.12) Two characteristics were proved in $\S$ 3. They are almost not proved before: particularly. we proved the Theorem 3.3 : $G_{k}(C^{n+k})=\frac{GL(n+k,C)}{GL(k,n,C)}=\frac{U(n+k)}{U(k){\times}U(n)}$ In $\S$ 4. we explained and proved the Theorem 4. 7 : i) Complex Grassmann manifolds are Kahlerian. ii) This Kähler form is $\pi$-fold of curvature form in hyperplane section bundle. Prior to this proof. some propositions and lemmas were proved at the same time. (Proposition 4.2, Lemma 4.3, Corollary 4.4 and Lemma 4.5).

• Current Photovoltaic Research
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.95-99
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• 2017

The interconnecting shingled solar cells method shows extremely high ratio active area per total area and has the excellent potential for high power PV (photovoltaic). Compared to the conventional module, it can have much more active area due to busbar-free structure. The properties of ECA (electrically conductive adhesives) are significant to fabricate the shingled array PV since it should be used in terms of electric and structural connection. Various ECA were tried and characterized to optimize the soldiering conditions. The open circuit voltage of shingled array cells showed a three-fold increase and efficiency was also increased by 1.63%. The shingled array cells used in CE3103WLV showed the highest power and in CA3556HF the lowest curing temperature and very fast curing time.