• Electronics and Telecommunications Trends
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.54-63
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• 2021

Since the recent COVID-19 pandemic, countries have been strengthening trade protection for their security, and the importance of securing strategic materials, such as food, is drawing attention. In addition to the cultural aspects, the global preference for food produced in Korea is increasing because of the Korean Wave. Thus, the Korean food industry can be developed into a high-value-added export food industry. Currently, Korea has a low self-sufficiency rate for foodstuffs apart from rice. Korea also suffers from problems arising from population decline, aging, rapid climate change, and various animal and plant diseases. It is necessary to develop technologies that can overcome the production structures highly dependent on the outside world of food and foster them into export-type system industries. The global agricultural industry-related technologies are actively being modified via data accumulation, e.g., environmental data, production information, and distribution and consumption information in climate and production facilities, and by actively expanding the introduction of the latest information and communication technologies such as big data and artificial intelligence. However, long-term research and investment should precede the field of living organisms. Compared to other industries, it is necessary to overcome poor production and labor environment investment efficiency in the food industry with respect to the production cost, equipment postmanagement, development tailored to the eye level of field workers, and service models suitable for production facilities of various sizes. This paper discusses the flow of domestic and international technologies that form the core issues of the site centered on the 4th Industrial Revolution in the field of agriculture, livestock, and fisheries. It also explains the environmental awareness production technologies centered on sustainable intelligence platforms that link climate change responses, optimization of energy costs, and mass production for unmanned production, distribution, and consumption using the unstructured data obtained based on detection and growth measurement data.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.17-23
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• 2023

In this study, the thermoluminescence kinetics of electron trap in Li₆Y_0.5Gd_0.5(BO₃)₃ (LY_0.5G_0.5BO) scintillator for neutron detection composed of Li, Gd, and B with a high neutron response cross-section were investigated. The thermoluminescence glow curve of the LY_0.5G_0.5BO scintillation single crystal was measured and analyzed using the peak shape method, the initial rise method, and the machine learning algorithm to evaluate the physical parameters of the electron trap. The glow curve of the LY_0.5G_0.5BO scintillation single crystal consisted of a single peak. As a result of analyzing this peak, the activation energy, emission order, and frequency factor of the electron trap were 0.61 eV, 1.1, and 1.7×10⁷ s^-1, respectively. In addition, the possibility of thermoluminescence analysis of scintillators using machine learning was confirmed.

• Journal of Veterinary Science
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.78.1-78.15
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• 2020

Background: Enteritis is one of the most frequently reported symptoms in piglets infected with porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2), but the immunopathogenesis has not been reported. Objectives: This study examined the effect of a PCV2 infection on the intestinal mucosal immune function through morphological observations and immune-related molecular detection. Methods: Morphological changes within the ileum of piglets during a PCV2 infection were observed. The expression of the related-molecules was analyzed using a gene chip. The immunocyte subsets were analyzed by flow cytometry. The secretory immunoglobulin A (SIgA) content was analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results: The PCV2 infection caused ileal villus damage, intestinal epithelial cells exfoliation, and an increase in lymphocytes in the lamina propria at 21 days post-infection. Differentially expressed genes occurred in the defense response, inflammatory response, and the complement and coagulation cascade reactions. Most of them were downregulated significantly at the induction site and upregulated at the effector site. The genes associated with SIgA production were downregulated significantly at the induction site. In contrast, the expression of the Toll-like receptor-related genes was upregulated significantly at the effector site. The frequencies of dendritic cells, B cells, and CD8⁺T cells were upregulated at the 2 sites. The SIgA content decreased significantly in the ileal mucosa. Conclusions: PCV2 infections can cause damage to the ileum that is associated with changes in immune-related gene expression, immune-related cell subsets, and SIgA production. These findings elucidated the molecular changes in the ileum after a PCV2 infection from the perspective of intestinal mucosal immunity, which provides insights into a further study for PCV2-induced enteritis.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.25 no.11
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• pp.1581-1587
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• 2021

As embedded system are used widely and variously, multi-edge system, which multiple edges gather and perform complex operations together, is actively operating. In a multi-edge system, it often occurs that an abnormal operation at one edge is transferred to another edge or the entire system goes down. It is necessary to determine and control edge anomalies in order to prevent system down, but this can be a heavy burden on the resource-limited edge. As a solution to this, we use power consumption data to check the state of the edge device and transmit it based on a QRcode to check and control errors at the server. The architecture proposed in this paper is implemented using 'chip-whisperer' to measure the power consumption of the edge and 'Raspberry Pi 3' to implement the server. As a result, the proposed architecture server showed successful data transmission and error determination without additional load appearing at the edge.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.187-193
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• 2022

Lysimachia christinae Hance was commonly used in Oriental medicine for treating the hepatitis virus, cholecystitis and cholagogic efficiency. According to the previous study, it possesses high antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity. Simultaneous determination analytical method of isolated eight compounds, cynaroside (1), 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl) ethyl O-α-L-arabinopyranosyl-(1→2)-O-[6-deoxy-α-L-mannopyranosyl-(1→3)] β-D-glucopyranoside (2), stearylester ricinoleic acid (3), (E)-4-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl) but-3-en-1-yl palmitate (4), 2-hydroxy-24-methoxy-4-tetracosenoic acid (5), 2-hydroxy-24-propoxy-4-tetracosenoic acid (6), β-sitosterol (7), and androst-16-ene-3,6-diol (8) were established by using HPLC-DAD. This HPLC analysis was detected on a Dionex C18 column (5 ㎛, 120 Å, 4.6 mm × 150 mm) at 25℃. The mobile phase consisted of 0.1% trifluoroacetic acid and acetonitrile at a flow rate of 1 mL/min. Validation of the method was assessed by linearity, precision and accuracy test. Calibration curve was good at r² > 0.9998. Limits of detection (LOD) ranged from 0.19 to 8.18 g/ml and Limits of quantification (LOQ) ranged from 0.19 to 24.80 g/ml. The relative standard deviations (RSD) values of precision test, intra- and inter- day, were less than 0.99% and 1.0%. The accuracy test results ranged from 98.81% to 106.49% and RSD values were less than 0.95%. These results showed that the HPLC-DAD method was very reliable and accurate for the quantity analysis of eight compounds in L. christinae extract for quality control.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.641-648
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• 2023

Recently, the rapid growth of artificial intelligence among the 4th industrial revolution has progressed based on the performance improvement of semiconductor, and circuit integration. According to transistors, which help operation of internal electronic devices and equipment that have been progressed to be more complicated and miniaturized, the control of heat generation and improvement of heat dissipation efficiency have emerged as new performance indicators. The DUT(Device Under Test) Shell is equipment which detects malfunction transistor by evaluating the durability of transistor through heat dissipation in a state where the power is cut off at an arbitrary heating point applying the rating current to inspect the transistor. Since the DUT shell can test more transistor at the same time according to the heat dissipation structure inside the equipment, the heat dissipation efficiency has a direct relationship with the malfunction transistor detection efficiency. Thus, in this paper, we propose various method for PCB configuration structure to optimize heat dissipation of DUT shell and we also propose various transformation and thermal analysis of optimal DUT shell using computational fluid dynamics.

• Journal of Practical Agriculture & Fisheries Research
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.3-22
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• 2012

Control independence has been put forward as a significant new source of instruction-level parallelism for superscalar processors. In branch prediction mechanisms, all instructions after a mispredicted branch have to be squashed and then instructions of a correct path have to be re-fetched and re-executed. This paper presents a new branch misprediction recovery mechanism to reduce the number of instructions squashed on a misprediction. Detection of control independent instructions is accomplished with the help of the static method using a profiling and the dynamic method using a control flow of program sequences. We show that the suggested branch misprediction recovery mechanism improves the performance by 2~7% on a 4-issue processor, by 4~15% on an 8-issue processor and by 8~28% on a 16-issue processor.

• International conference on construction engineering and project management
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• 2022.06a
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• pp.353-360
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• 2022

Due to the dense and complicated working environment, the construction industry is susceptible to many accidents. Worker's fall is a severe problem at the construction site, including falling into holes or openings because of the inadequate coverings as per the safety rules. During the construction or demolition of a building, openings and holes are formed in the floors and roofs. Many workers neglect to cover openings for ease of work while being aware of the risks of holes, openings, and gaps at heights. However, there are safety rules for worker safety; the holes and openings must be covered to prevent falls. The safety inspector typically examines it by visiting the construction site, which is time-consuming and requires safety manager efforts. Therefore, this study presented a worker-driven approach (the worker is involved in the reporting process) to facilitate safety managers by developing integrated computer vision and inertia sensors-based mobile applications to identify openings. The TensorFlow framework is used to design Convolutional Neural Network (CNN); the designed CNN is trained on a custom dataset for binary class openings and covered and deployed on an android smartphone. When an application captures an image, the device also extracts the accelerometer values to determine the inclination in parallel with the classification task of the device to predict the final output as floor (openings/ covered), wall (openings/covered), and roof (openings / covered). The proposed worker-driven approach will be extended with other case scenarios at the construction site.

• Animal Bioscience
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• v.36 no.7
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• pp.1120-1129
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• 2023

Objective: This study aimed to determine the protective efficacy of Buddha's Temple (BT) extract against tert-butyl hydroperoxide (t-BHP)-induced oxidative stress in Gallus gallus chicken embryo fibroblast cell line (DF-1) and its effects on the cell lipid metabolism. Methods: In this experimental study, Gallus gallus DF-1 fibroblast cells were pretreated with BT 10^-7 for 24 hours, followed by their six-hour exposure to t-BHP (100 μM). Water-soluble tetrazolium salt-8 (WST-8) assays were performed, and the growth curve was computed. The intracellular gene expression changes caused by BT extract were confirmed through quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Flow cytometry, oil red O staining experiment, and thin-layer chromatography were performed for the detection of intracellular metabolic mechanism changes. Results: The WST-8 assay results showed that the BT pretreatment of Gallus gallus DF-1 fibroblast cell increased their cell survival rate by 1.08%±0.04%, decreased the reactive oxygen species (ROS) level by 0.93%±0.12% even after exposure to oxidants, and stabilized mitochondrial activity by 1.37%±0.36%. In addition, qPCR results confirmed that the gene expression levels of tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα), TIR domain-containing adapter inducing IFN-beta (TICAM1), and glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78) were regulated, which contributed to cell stabilization. Thin-layer chromatography and oil red O analyses showed a clear decrease in the contents of lipid metabolites such as triacylglycerol and free fatty acids. Conclusion: In this study, we confirmed that the examined BT extract exerted selective protective effects on Gallus gallus DF-1 fibroblast cells against cell damage caused by t-BHP, which is a strong oxidative inducer. Furthermore, we established that this extract significantly reduced the intracellular ROS accumulation due to oxidative stress, which contributes to an increase in poultry production and higher incomes.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.44 no.1
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• pp.38-55
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• 2023

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to provide direction for future research in the field of Korean medicine by analyzing microbiome based technologies emerging as a new diagnostic and treatment paradigm. Methods: To achieve the purpose of the study intellectual property data was used. After establishing citation network from registered microbiome-related US patents, citation network was analyzed by knowledge persistence-based main path approach to understanding technological trajectories. Furthermore, community detection algorithms were used to quantitatively identifying specific technological domain in a particular time period. Results: Results shows that early technologies in livestock industry contribute most to the recent patents. Knowledge in the patents flow through the path of food and beverage technological domain, and finally are inherited to the recent development of diagnosis, treatment and prevention technic. Conclusions: This study indicate that developing diagnostic tools which can link the composition of microbiome to specific diseases should be given high priority. Researches should lead to novel therapeutic strategies. Specifically, improving reliability of pattern identification and finding effective therapeutic compositions based on principles of Korean medicine is necessary.