• Journal of Advanced Navigation Technology
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.9-15
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• 2020

Recently, active electronically scanned array (AESA) radar, electro-optical and infrared (EO-IR) and infra-red search and track (IRST) sensors are under development in the Korean fighter experimental(KF-X) project, and AESA radar is currently undergoing preliminary research for flight testing. This paper focuses on the flying test bed (FTB) aircraft operation cases of developed countries in accordance with AESA radar development. As a result, we review domestic laws and regulations related to the airworthiness for FTB aircraft to operate in domestic environment and look for ways to operate FTB aircraft. Therefore, we propose how to selecting, airworthiness and operating FTB aircraft suitable for the domestic environment.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences
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• v.41 no.5
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• pp.342-349
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• 2013

A damage imposed on an unmanned aerial vehicle changes the flight dynamic characteristics, and makes difficult for a conventional controller based on undamaged dynamics to stabilize the vehicle with damage. This paper presents a neural network based adaptive control method that guarantees stable control performance for an unmanned aerial vehicle even with damage on the main wing. Additionally, Pseudo Control Hedging (PCH) is combined to prevent control performance degradation by actuator characteristics. Asymmetric dynamic equations for an aircraft are chosen to describe motions of a vehicle with damage. Aerodynamic data from wind tunnel test for an undamaged model and a damaged model are used for numerical validation of the proposed control method. The numerical simulation has shown that the proposed control method has robust control performance in the presence of wing damage.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences
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• v.48 no.11
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• pp.911-925
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• 2020

Aircraft ice protection systems are applied to the window shield, engine inlet, and wings to protect the aircraft from ice that may form on the surfaces of aircraft and sensors during operation. Icing on the aircraft can cause serious accidents by degrading the flight stability of the aircraft and by malfunctions in sensors such as the air data probe. Various types of ice protection systems have been developed for aircraft in the past. The electro-thermal type ice protection system contributes greatly to improving energy efficiency in a relatively simple structure, and has established itself as one of most popular ice protection systems for modern aircraft. In this review, two representative ice protection systems-hot-air and electro-thermal types-were intensively analyzed, and the prospect of ice protection systems was discussed based on the current status and application cases.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.22-30
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• 2006

In this paper, a systematic design method on an IPMC(ionic polymer-metal composite)-driven ZNMF(zero-net-mass-flux) pump is introduced for the flow control of an MAV's (micro air vehicle) wing. Since the IPMC is able to generate a large deformation under a low input voltage along with its ability to operate in air, and is easier to be manufactured in a small size, it is considered to be an ideal material of the actuating diaphragm. Through the numerical methods, an optimal shape of the IPMC　diaphragm was found for maximizing the stroke volume. Based on the optimal IPMC diaphragm, a proto-type ZNMF pump with a slot, was designed. By using the flight speed of the MAV considered in this work, the driving frequencies(~ 40 Hz) of IPMC diaphragm, and the flow velocity through the pump's slot, the calculated non-dimensional frequency and the momentum coefficient ensure the feasibility of the designed ZNMF pump as a flow control device.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences
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• v.44 no.4
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• pp.324-332
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• 2016

In this paper, the terminal homing loop with a IIR-type strapdown seeker and a roll rate gyroscope is proposed. Basically, the proposed homing loop is based on the look-angle-control guidance. Since the range of the seeker is strictly limited, the missile is delivered to a point to lock the target on the seeker via non-guided flight during the midcourse guidance. The non-standard firing table is developed to compensate the wind and the target movement. To secure the delay margin is very important to prevent the instability of the homing loop when the time delay of the seeker is included. To validate the proposed homing loop, the 6-DOF nonlinear simulation is performed, and the Monte-Carlo simulation is also done for checking the robustness for the various kinds of uncertainty.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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• 2010.10a
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• pp.20-20
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• 2010

Panax ginseng C.A Meyer is frequently taken orally as a traditional herbal medicine in Asian countries. The major components of ginseng are ginsenoside, which are pharmaceutical activity. The six major ginsenosides, including Rb1, Rb2, Rc, Rd, Re and Rg1 account for 90% of total ginsenosides. Even though the minor ginsenosides, including Rg3, Rh2 and compound K has high pharmacetical activities, the price of minor ginsenosides is too high. Therefore we isolated the gypenoside V and made it converted to minor ginsenosides. In the plant Gynostemma pentaphyllum Makino, gypenosdie V was presented as dominant saponin (content about 2.4%), and was similar to protopanaxadol type ginsenosides such as ginsenoside Rb1. In this study, we confirmed that the coversion of gypenoside V to minor ginsenosides after using the various treatment such as heating, acid treatment, commercial edible enzyme, and lactobacillus. Consequently, we optimizied the transformation of gypenoside V to minor ginsenoside using Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC), High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC), Time-of-flight Mass Spectrometry (LC/TOF/MS).

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.659-667
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• 2012

2,3-Butanediol (2,3-BDO) is an organic compound with a wide range of industrial applications. Although Escherichia coli is often used for the production of organic compounds, the wild-type E. coli does not contain two essential genes in the 2,3-BDO biosynthesis pathway, and cannot ferment 2,3-BDO. Therefore, a 2,3-BDO biosynthesis mutant strain of Escherichia coli was constructed and cultured. To determine the optimum culture factors for 2,3-BDO production, experiments were conducted under different culture environments ranging from strongly acidic to neutral pH. The extracellular metabolite profiles were obtained using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and the intracellular metabolite profiles were analyzed by ultra-performance liquid chromatography and quadruple time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC/Q-TOF-MS). Metabolic flux analysis (MFA) was used to integrate these profiles. The metabolite profiles showed that 2,3-BDO production favors an acidic environment (pH 5), whereas cell mass favors a neutral environment. Furthermore, when the pH of the culture fell below 5, both the cell growth and 2,3-BDO production were inhibited.

• Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems
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• v.21 no.7
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• pp.641-647
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• 2015

This paper proposes a new strategy for a quad-rotor to track a moving object efficiently by using image processing and an extended Kalman filter. The goal of path planning for the quad-rotor is to design an optimal path from the start point to the destination point. To lengthen the freight time of the quad-rotor, an optimal path is required to reduce the energy consumption. To track a moving object, the mark signed on the moving object has been detected by a camera mounted first on the quad-rotor. The center coordinates of the mark and its area are calculated through the blob analysis which is one type of image processing. The mark coordinates are utilized to obtain information on the motion direction and the area of the mark is utilized to recognize whether the object moves backward or forward from the camera on the quad-rotor. In addition, an extended Kalman filter has been applied to predict the direction and speed of the dynamically moving object. Through these schemes, it is aimed that the quad-rotor can track the dynamic object efficiently in terms of flight distance and time. Through the two different route freights of the quad-rotor, the performance of the proposed system has been demonstrated.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.672-679
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• 2005

Introduction. Cardiovascular disease has the potential to lead to sudden in-flight incapacitation and permanent grounding. The aims of this study are to examine the relationships between lifestyle, job stress and blood lipid levels of male aircrew personnel of a Korean airline and to identify which factors influence their hyper-lipidemia. Methods. Two hundred sixteen male aircrew personnel completed a questionnaire by self-report and consented to participate in the study. The questionnaire collected data related to job stress, life style, serum cholesterol levels and general characteristics of the aircrew. The cholesterol levels of the subjects were collected from their most recent health check-up records. Subjects were divided into two groups (the desirable group and the risk group) based on their serum cholesterol level, 200 mg/dl. Results. Mean age and marital status were significantly different between the two groups. More subjects in the risk group had habits of eating high lipid foods, while more subjects in the desirable group exercised more frequently than the risk group. In logistic regression analysis, after controlling age and marital status, types of working situation (domestic duty or international duty, odds ratio=.390, p=.018), diet (odds ratio=.429, p=.037), and exercise (odds ratio=.320, p=.055) were influencing factors on aircrew's serum cholesterol lev-els. Conclusions. The cholesterol level of aircrew personnel is closely related to their lifestyle, such as lipid diet and exercise. The type of work situations, e.g. staying in an airplane for long periods of time or staying abroad, may influence these diet patterns and exercise habits.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2006.07c
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• pp.1629-1630
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• 2006

This paper describes a micro total analysis system ($\mu$ TAS) for detecting and digesting the target protein which includes a bead based temperature controllable microchip and computer based controllers for temperature and valve actuation. We firstly combined the temperature control function with a bead based microchip and realized the on-chip sequential reactions using two kinds of beads. The PEG-grafted bead, on which RNA aptamer was immobilized, was used for capturing and releasing the target protein. The target protein can be chosen by the type of RNA aptamer. In this paper, we used the RNA aptamer of HCV replicase. The trypsin coated bead was used for digesting the released protein prior to the matrix assisted laser desorption ionization time of flight mass spectrometer (MALDI TOF MS). Heat is applied for release of the captured protein binding on the bead, thermal denaturation and trypsin digestion. PDMS microchannel and PDMS micro pneumatic valves were also combined for the small volume liquid handling. The entire procedures for the detection and the digestion of the target protein were successfully carried out on a microchip without any other chemical treatment or off-chip handling using $20\;{\mu}l$ protein mixture within 20 min. We could acquire six matched peaks (7% sequence coverage) of HCV replicase.