• 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국진공학회 2014년도 제46회 동계 정기학술대회 초록집
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• pp.168.1-168.1
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• 2014

We developed poly (3,4-ethylene dioxylene thiophene):poly (styrene sulfonic acid) (PEDOT:PSS)-free organic solar cells (OSCs) using buffer and anode combined Ta doped $In_2O_3$ (ITaO) electrodes. To optimize the ITaO electrodes, we investigated the effect of $Ta_2O_5$ doping power on the electrical, optical, and structural properties of the co-sputtered ITaO films. The optimized ITaO film doped with 20 W $Ta_2O_5$ radio frequency power showed sheet resistance of 17.11 Ohm/square, a transmittance of 93.45%, and a work function of 4.9 eV, all of which are comparable to the value of conventional ITO electrodes. The conventional bulk heterojunction OSC with ITaO anode showed a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 3.348% similar to the OSCs (3.541%) with an ITO anode. In addition, OSCs fabricated on an ITaO electrode successfully operated without an acidic PEDOT:PSS buffer layer and showed a PCE of 2.634%, which was much higher than the comparable no buffer OSC with an ITO anode. Therefore, co-sputtered ITaO electrodes simultaneously acting as a buffer and an anode layer can be considered promising transparent electrodes for cost-efficient and reliable OSCs because they can eliminate the use of an acidic PEDOT:PSS buffer layer.

• 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보디스플레이학회 2006년도 6th International Meeting on Information Display
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• pp.1406-1408
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• 2006

Plastic substrate for flexible TFT LCD is developed. The gas barrier, optical properties and conductivity in the substrate is improved through depositing silicon oxide/nitride layer and ITO layer, coating polymer layer on plastic film by sputtering process and wet coating process. The whole production process of the plastic substrate is guaranteed the productivity by using roll to roll process.

• 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
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• 제35권3호
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• pp.275-280
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• 2022

An all-solid-state electrochromic film was fabricated by laminating tungsten oxide (WO₃) and nickel oxide (NiO) thin films deposited by a reactive DC magnetron sputtering on flexible ITO films. The influence of oxygen partial pressure on the crystal structure, microstructure, optical properties, and electrochromic properties of WO₃ and NiO thin films were investigated. WO₃ and NiO films showed the best electrochromic properties under the flow of Ar:O₂=80:20 and Ar:O₂=90:10, respectively. The EC film fabricated with an optimized WO₃ and NiO films showed a high coloration efficiency, a fast response time, and a stable optical modulation. It is expected that flexible EC window films will pave the way for the next-generation energy-saving windows.

• 한국전자통신학회논문지
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• 제14권5호
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• pp.887-892
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• 2019

본 연구에서는 플라스틱 기판 중에서 가장 내열성이 우수하다고 알려진 PES 기판위에 버퍼층으로 20nm두께로 $SiO_2$ 박막을 플라즈마 화학기상증착 법으로 증착한 후, ITZO 박막을 고주파 마그네트론 스퍼터링 법으로 증착하여 공정압력에 따른 ITZO 박막의 전기적 및 광학적 특성을 조사하였다. 공정압력 3 mTorr 에서 증착한 ITZO 박막이 $8.02{\times}10^{-4}{\Omega}-cm$의 비저항과 $50.13{\Omega}/sq.$의 면저항으로 가장 우수한 전기적 특성을 보였다. 모든 ITZO 박막의 가시광 영역(400-800 nm)에서 평균 투과도는 공정압력에 무관하게 80 %이상으로 나타났다. 재료평가지수는 3 mTorr에서 증착한 ITZO 박막에서 $23.90{\times}10^{-4}{\Omega}^{-1}$로 가장 큰 값을 나타내었다. 본 연구를 통해 ITZO 박막이 차세대 플렉시블 디스플레이 소자에서 ITO 박막을 대체할 매우 유망한 재료라는 것을 알 수 있었다.

• 한국재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국재료학회 2012년도 춘계학술발표대회
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• pp.111.1-111.1
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• 2012

Interest in flexible transparent conducting films (TCFs) has been growing recently mainly due to the demand for electrodes incorporated in flexible or wearable displays in the future. Indium tin oxide (ITO) thin films, which have been traditionally used as the TCFs, have a serious obstacle in TCFs applications. SWNTs are the most appropriate materials for conductive films for displays due to their excellent high mechanical strength and electrical conductivity. In this work, the fabrication by the spraying process of transparent SWNT films and reduction of its sheet resistance on PET substrates is researched Arc-discharge SWNTs were dispersed in deionized water by adding sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) as surfactant and sonicated, followed by the centrifugation. The dispersed SWNT was spray-coated on PET substrate and dried on a hotplate. When the spray process was terminated, the TCF was immersed into deionized water to remove the surfactant and then it was dried on hotplate. The TCF film was then was doped with Au-ionic doping treatment, rinsed with deionized water and dried. The surface morphology of TCF was characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy. The sheet resistance and optical transmission properties of the TCF were measured with a four-point probe method and a UV-visible spectrometry, respectively. This was confirmed and discussed on the XPS and UPS studies. We show that 87 ${\Omega}/{\Box}$ sheet resistances with 81% transmittance at the wavelength of 550nm. The changes in electrical and optical conductivity of SWNT film before and after Au-ionic doping treatments were discussed. The effect of Au-ion treatment on the electronic structure change of SWNT films was investigated by Raman and XPS.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2011년도 제42회 하계학술대회
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• pp.1485-1486
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• 2011

A layer of $TiO_2$ thin film less than ~500nm in thickness, as a blocking layer, was coated by sol-gel method directly onto the anode electrode to be isolated from the electrolyte in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSCs). This is to prevent the electrons from back-transferring from the electrode to the electrolyte (I-/I3-). The effects of heat treatment conditions of the gel and as-coated film on the thickness and consolidation to substrate were studied. The flexible DSCs were fabricated with working electrode of Ti thin foil coated with blocking $TiO_2$ layer, dye-attached mesoporous $TiO_2$ film, gel electrolyte and counter electrode of Pt-deposited indium doped tin oxide/polyethylene naphthalate (ITO/PEN). The photo-current conversion efficiency of the cell was 5.3% ($V_{oc}=0.678V$, $J_{sc}=12.181mA/cm^2$, ff=0.634) under AM1.5, 100 mW/$cm^2$ illumination.

• 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국진공학회 2014년도 제46회 동계 정기학술대회 초록집
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• pp.198.2-198.2
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• 2014

We investigated change of the electronic structure, chemical states and elements ratio in graphene film by using photoelectron spectroscopy (PES). The graphene electrode has attracted considerable interest due to its possible applications in flexible organic light emitting diodes (F-OLEDs). However, to use the graphene for OLEDs, sufficient increase of work function is required, that is related with hole injection barrier. Plasma treatment is one of the most widely used method in OLEDs to increase the work function of the anode such as indium tin oxide (ITO). In this work, we used the plasma treatment, which is generated by various gas types such as O2, and Ar to increase the work function of the graphene film. From these results, we discuss the relation among the change of work function, plasma power, plasma treatment time and gas types.

• Journal of Information Display
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.17-23
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• 2003

A thermoset type anisotropic conductive adhesive film (ACAF) comprising epoxy resin and natural butyl rubber (NBR) as the binder, micro-encapsulated imidazole as the curing agent, and Ni/Au coated polymer bead as a conductive particle has been studied. These films have been prepared to respond to requirements such as improved contact resistance, current status less of than 60 ${\mu}m$ and reliability. These films can also be used for connection between the ITO glass for LCD panel and the flexible circuit board. The curing conditions for the connection were 40, 20 and 15 seconds at 150, 170 and 190 $^{\circ}C$, respectively. The initial contact resistance and adhesion strength were 0.5 ${\Omega}/square$ and 0.4 kg/cm under the condition of 30 kgf/$^{cm}^2}$, respectively. After completing one thousand thermal shock cycling tests between -15 $^{\circ}C$ and 100 $^{\circ}C$, the contact resistance was maintained below 0.7 ${\Omega}/square$. Durability against high temperature (80$^{\circ}C$) and high humidity (85 % RH) was also tested to confirm long-term stability (1000 hrs) of the conduction.

• 산업융합연구
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.189-194
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• 2023

최근에 유연 전자소자에 대한 다양한 연구가 이루어지고 있다. 본 연구에서 유연 전자소자용 금속기반의 투명 전도막으로 Ag 나노와이어로 그 가능성을 평가하였다. 이를 위해 신개념의 브러시 코팅법과 상압플라즈마 기반의 아르곤 플라즈마 증발법으로 Ag 나노 물질을 글라스에 형성시켰다. 먼저 브러시로 Ag 용액을 글라스에 코팅하고, 남아있는 용매는 상압플라즈마로 제거한다. 이 용매 증발 과정에서 상압플라즈마와 용매의 반응에 의해 소리가 발생하기 때문에 용매의 남아있는 정도를 확인할 수 있다. 막의 코팅 횟수에 따른 반사도, 투과도, 흡수도와 같은 광특성 및 전기적인 결과들을 관찰하기 위하여 최대 5번 코팅하여 그 결과들을 분석하였다. 광에 의한 Ag 나노와이어와의 상호작용을 조사할 목적으로 빛의 파장을 200nm부터 800nm까지 변화시키면서 반사도 및 투과도를 측정하였으며, 반사도와 투과도 모두 5번 코팅한 샘플에서 가장 큰 변화를 나타내었다. 특히 흡수도의 경우 반사도나 투과도의 데이터와는 다르게 코팅에 따라 Ag 나노와이어의 빛에 대한 흡수도 증가 추이를 명확하게 확인할 수 있었다. 전기적인 특성은 4번 이상 코팅했을 때부터 큰 변화가 있었으며, 특히 5번 진행시 kΩ/cm2보다 낮아진 저항값을 보였다. 이러한 광 및 전기적인 결과들을 기반으로, 향후 전자소자에 적용하여 투명 전도막으로의 가능성을 검증할 계획이다.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제35권6호
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• pp.1799-1805
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• 2014

In this article, we described about the preparation and electrochemical properties of a flexible energy storage system based on a plastic polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrate. The PET treated with UV/ozone was fabricated with multilayer films composed of 30 polyaniline (PANi)/graphene oxide (GO) bilayers using layer-by-layer assembly of positively charged PANi and negatively charged GO. The conversion of GO to the reduced graphene oxide (RGO) in the multilayer film was achieved using hydroiodic acid vapor at $100^{\circ}C$, whereby PANi structure remained nearly unchanged except a little reduction of doping state. Cyclic voltammetry and charge/discharge curves of 30 PANi/RGO bilayers on PET substrate (shorten to PANi-$RGO_{30}$/PET) exhibited an excellent volumetric capacitance, good cycling stability, and rapid charge/discharge rates despite no use of any metal current collectors. The specific capacitance from charge/discharge curve of the PANi-$RGO_{30}$/PET electrode was found to be $529F/cm^3$ at a current density of $3A/cm^3$, which is one of the best values yet achieved among carbon-based materials including conducting polymers. Furthermore, the intrinsic electrical resistance of the PANi-$RGO_{30}$/PET electrodes varied within 20% range during 200 bending cycles at a fixed bend radius of 2.2 mm, indicating the increase in their flexibility by a factor of 225 compared with the ITO/PET electrode.