• Environmental Engineering Research
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.53-60
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• 2009

The main objective was to develop and assess a dynamic fate and transport model for lead in air, soil, sediment, water and vegetation. Daejeon was chosen as the study area for its relatively high contamination and emission levels. The model was assessed by comparing model predictions with measured concentrations in multi-media and atmospheric deposition flux. Given a lead concentration in air, the model could predict the concentrations in water and soil within a factor of five. Sensitivity analysis indicated that effective compartment volumes, rain intensity, scavenging ratio, run off, and foliar uptake were critical to accurate model prediction. Important implications include that restriction of air emission may be necessary in the future to protect the soil quality objective as the contamination level in soil is predicted to steadily increase at the present emission level and that direct discharge of lead into the water body was insignificant as compared to atmospheric deposition fluxes. The results strongly indicated that atmospheric emission governs the quality of the whole environment. Use of the model developed in this study would provide quantitative and integrated understanding of the cross-media characteristics and assessment of the relationships of the contamination levels among the multi-media environment.

• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.44-50
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• 1993

The suspended particulate matters had been collected by a cascade impactor having 9 size fragnated stages for 2 years (Dec. 1989 to Nov. 1991) in Kyung Hee University-Suwon Campus. The particulate matters were then collected on each stage by membrane filters. The weight concentration on each stage was estimated by a microbalance and further chemical element concentrations were determined by an XRF system. The study focused on developing of a receptor model using the TTFA (target transformation factor analysis) to apportion aerosol mass with the 30 ambient data sets. Each data set consists of the 8 size-ranged subdata sets characterized by 13 element variables. Even though a couple of sources could not be identified, three to five sources were extracted from each aerosol size-range, and then 9 statistical source profiles were generated. Finally, source contribution of particulate matters on each size-range could be estimated in Suwon area.

• BMB Reports
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• 제48권10호
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• pp.589-594
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• 2015

The shadow enhancer of the short gastrulation (sog) gene directs its sequential expression in the neurogenic ectoderm and the ventral midline of the developing Drosophila embryo. Here, we characterize three unusual features of the shadow enhancer midline activity. First, the minimal regions for the two different enhancer activities exhibit high overlap within the shadow enhancer, meaning that one developmental enhancer possesses dual enhancer activities. Second, the midline enhancer activity relies on five Single-minded (Sim)-binding sites, two of which have not been found in any Sim target enhancers. Finally, two linked Dorsal (Dl)- and Zelda (Zld)-binding sites, critical for the neurogenic ectoderm enhancer activity, are also required for the midline enhancer activity. These results suggest that early activation by Dl and Zld may facilitate late activation via the noncanonical sites occupied by Sim. We discuss a model for Zld as a pioneer factor and speculate its role in midline enhancer activity.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.20-29
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• 2011

This research is based on the environmental psychology model of Albert Mehrabian & JAMES a. Russell. The purpose of this research is to search a method of planning a spatial image improving the degree of access that is audience's dependent response to a display space image of a museum for children. A museum for children is the place for education with experience and its main audience is children and parents. It indicates with a basis of the environmental psychology model that a designer needs to consider the emotional response of children and parents in designing the space. The space design starts from a plan of space image that is delivered to audience through the five senses. Image on the space means visual image as people acquire information mostly through the sense of sight. Visual image consists of shape, the feel of a material, and color that is the most influential factor to the sensibility of audience. Therefore, firstly, this research measures the degree of audience's approach and avoidence on image of display space. In addition, this research suggests the improvement method by analyzing differences on the access of each space and audience based on visual image. Secondly, four factors are extracted through factor analysis based on the result of adjective survey result.

• 기술혁신연구
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.207-222
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• 2005

A prerequisite for making R&D more productive is to able to measure its productivity. Most of the previous studies on this topic have attempted to measure R&D productivity at the firm or industry levels. In this study, however, R&D productivity is measured at the national level to provide R&D policy implications, particularly for Asian countries. Contrary to the previous studies where total factor productivity was adopted, this study employs the data envelopment analysis (DEA) approach to measure R&D productivity. DEA is a multi-factor productivity analysis model for measuring the relative efficiency of each Decision Making Unit (DMU). In addition to the basic DEA model that includes all inputs and outputs, five additional models are constructed by combining single input with all outputs and single output with all inputs in order to measure specialized R&D efficiency. In this study, the twenty-seven countries are classified into four clusters based on the output-specialized R&D efficiency: inventors, merchandisers, academicians, and duds. Then, the characteristics of the Asian countries with respect to R&D efficiency are identified. It is found that Singapore ranks high in total efficiency, and Japan in patent-oriented efficiency. Meanwhile, China, Korea, and Taiwan are found to be relatively inefficient in R&D. We expect that the findings from this study will be able to provide directions for R&D policy-making of the Asian countries.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• 제23권9호
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• pp.37-46
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• 2023

The main aim of the article is to solve the problem of automating price monitoring using marketing forecasting methods and Excel functionality under martial law. The study used the method of algorithms, trend analysis, correlation and regression analysis, ANOVA, extrapolation, index method, etc. The importance of monitoring consumer price developments in market pricing at the macro and micro levels is proved. The introduction of a Dummy variable to account for the influence of martial law in market pricing is proposed, both in linear multiple regression modelling and in forecasting the components of the Consumer Price Index. Experimentally, the high reliability of forecasting based on a five-factor linear regression model with a Dummy variable was proved in comparison with a linear trend equation and a four-factor linear regression model. Pessimistic, realistic and optimistic scenarios were developed for forecasting the Consumer Price Index for the situation of the end of the Russian-Ukrainian war until the end of 2023 and separately until the end of 2024.

• 한국전자거래학회지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.1-19
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• 2005

정보기술의 수용에 대한 연구가 활발하게 이루어지고 있음에도 불구하고, 최근에 급격한 성장과 발전을 이루고 있는 모바일 게임의 이용의도에 대한 연구는 미흡한 실정이다. 따라서, 본 연구에서는 모바일 게임 이용 의도에 영향을 미치는 중요 요인에 관한 실증적 연구를 하였다. TAM과 모바일 게임에 관련된 연구를 기초로 하여 시스템적 요인, 개인적 요인, 사회적 요인이라는 3가지 차원에서 서비스 품질, 사회적 영향, 즉시 접속성, 혁신성, 자기효험이라는 5가지의 항목을 외부변수로 제시하였다. 연구모형의 검증을 위하여, $10{\sim}30$대의 학생과 직장인을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하여 261부의 설문응답을 통계분석에 이용하였다. 통계검증 결과, 서비스 품질과 즉시 접속성, 혁신성, 자기효험이 지각된 유용성과 지각된 이용 용이성을 통하여 이용의도에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 연구의 결과를 통하여 기업에서 모바일 게임 서비스를 개발하거나 고객을 대상으로 효과적이고 효율적인 마케팅을 하는데 있어 보다 중점을 두어야 할 요인을 제시하고자 한다.

• 대한교통학회지
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.51-57
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• 2010

본 연구는 전국의 공항 인근지역에 있는 190여개 초 중 고등학교를 대상으로 항공기 소음의 피해 현황을 파악하고, 학교의 피해의식예측 모형을 수량화이론 II류를 이용하여 구축하였고, 피해학교 교사 1,012명의 설문을 통하여 교사들의 수업진행방해 예측모형을 구축하였으며, 특히 군용/민간 공용비행장 4개소와 사격연습장 1개소 총 5개 지역의 항공기 소음을 조사하여 그 특성을 분석하였다. 그 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 군용/민간 공용 공항에서의 항공기 소음 WECPNL 5개 지역 모두 피해지역 제1종 지역과 2종 지역으로 나타나 항공기 소음에 심각한 문제가 있음을 알 수 있어 대책이 수립되어야 하겠다. 학교의 항공기 소음 피해의식 모형에서 가장 영향이 높은 요인은 공항과 학교와의 거리로서 5 Km 미만에서 양의 관계를 나타내며 10 Km 이상에서 음의 관계를 나타내고 있다. 항공기 소음의 폭로시간과 폭로회수가 각각 설명이 높으며 공항의 종류와 창문의 구조에도 깊은 영향이 있음을 알 수 있고, 본 예측모형은 상관비 0.56으로서 적합성이 높다고 하겠다.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.432-438
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• 2014

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: This research was conducted to develop a construct model regarding the dietary style, late night snacking choice attributes and health promotion behaviors of industrial workers. SUBJECTS/METHODS: The surveys were collected during the period between January and February 2013. A statistical analysis of 888 industrial workers was conducted using SPSS 12.0 for Windows and SEM (Structural Equation Model) using AMOS (Analysis of Moment Structure) 5.0 statistics package. RESULTS: The results of the correlations between all variables showed significant positive correlations (P < 0.05). Results of factors analysis on dietary styles were categorized into five factors and health promotion behaviors were categorized into four. The reliability of these findings was supported by a Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.6 and higher for all other factors. After obtaining the factors from processing an exploratory factor analysis and the end results supported the validity. In an attempt to study the late night snacking choice attributes in accordance to dietary styles and the health promotion behaviors of industrial workers, a structural equation model was constructed and analyzed. CONCLUSIONS: All tests proved the model satisfied the recommended levels of the goodness on fit index, and thus, the overall research model was proved to be appropriate.

• 한국병원경영학회지
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.37-62
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• 2006

This study investigates the antecedents of knowledge sharing behavior focusing on the individual level factors in an assumption that the behavior is initiated from the individual level decisions. A hypothesis that the relation between personality trait and behavior is mediated by the social-cognitive constructs contained in the Theory of Planned Behavior(TPB) is tested. For the study, we suggest a TPB extended model that extends original TPB model by including conscientiousness facet of FFM(Five Factor Model). This study uses a cross-sectional design. Data were collected from a self-reported survey on 197 nurses in a tertiary hospital. The results showes a significant positive relationship between the conscientiousness facet of FFM and knowledge sharing behavior. In the TPB extended model, the conscientiousness facet has significant direct effects on all the constructs of original TPB model. Of the TPB exogenous constructs, the social norm construct alone has a significant effect on intention and the perceived behavioral has a direct significant effect on the knowledge sharing behavior. These results confirm the importance of conscientiousness in predicting knowledge sharing behavior and clarify the characteristics of knowledge sharing behavior as a contextual, job oriented behavior in a workplace. We conclude that personality trait as conceptualized in the FFM needs to be integrated into TPB model in explaining the knowledge sharing behavior. Based on these results theoretical and practical implications are discussed.