• 한국소음진동공학회논문집
• /
• 제20권10호
• /
• pp.946-952
• /
• 2010

A method for the identification of structural characteristic parameters of a steel bar in the matrices form such as stiffness matrices and mass matrices from frequency response function(FRF) by genetic algorithm is proposed. As the method is based on the finite element method(FEM), the obtained matrices have perfect physical meanings if the FRFs got from the analysis and the FRFs from the experiments were well coincident each other. The identified characteristic matrices from the FRFs with maximun 40 % of random errors by the genetic algorithm are coincident with the characteristic matrices from exact FEM FRFs well each other. The fitted element diameters by using only 2 points experimental FRFs are similar to the actual diameters of the bar. The fitted FRFs are good accordance with the experimental FRFs on the graphs. FRFs of the rest 9 points not used for calculating could be fitted even well.

• Journal of the Korean Statistical Society
• /
• 제5권2호
• /
• pp.119-127
• /
• 1976

By examining Table 1, it is confirmed that the two model fertility scheduels for 1960 and 1975 are close agreement with the census data in Korea. The declines of age-specific fertility are more remarkable among older women than among younger, as exhibited in Table 3 and Fig. 2. A merit of this fitted model schedule as compared to fitted conventional frequency distributions such as the Pearson Type III curve, is that the model schedule incorporates combinations of intuitively understandable demographic factors. The value of m, a measure of fertility control, increased remarkably from 0.531 in 1960 to 2.429 in 1975. Considering the fact that the average value of m for forty-three schedules shown in the 1965 Demographic Yearbook was 1.0, and the value of m in England and Wales for 1965 was 1.91, the recent level of fertility control in Korea may be considered higher than generally believed.

• 약학회지
• /
• 제37권5호
• /
• pp.427-436
• /
• 1993

The pharmacokinetics and relationship between in vitro dissolution and in vivo fraction absorbed were investigated after intravenous(iv) injection of omeprazole(OMZ), oral administration of OMZ capsules and rectal administration of 8 types of suppositories. The plasma concentration of OMZ (C$_{p}$)-time (t) curve after iv. administration fitted a two-compartment open model and the equation which best fitted the pharmacokinetics of OMZ was $C_{p}$ = 13.936 $e^{-8.78t}$+2.973 $e^{-0.716t}$. The bioavailabilities of OMZ in Witepsol H15 base (Supp-2) and PEG 4000 base (Supp-6) suppositories were 40.7% and 33.4%, respectively, which are higher(p<0.001) than 13% of oral administration of capsule. The avoidance fractions of the first-pass metabolism for Supp-2 and Supp-6 suppositiories were 31.8% and 23.4%, respectively, suggesting that the rectal application of OMZ may be a more adequate route of administration than oral one.

• 한국정밀공학회지
• /
• 제16권4호통권97호
• /
• pp.205-212
• /
• 1999

A three dimensional binary parallel robot manipulator uses actuators which have only two stable states and its structure is variable geometry truss. As a result, it has a finite number of states and fault tolerant mechanism because of kinematic redundancy. This kind of robot manipulator has some advantages compared to a traditional one. Feedback control is not required, task repeatability can be very high, and finite state actuators are generally inexpensive. Because the number of states of a binary robot manipulator grows exponentially with the number of actuators it is very difficult to solve and inverse kinematic problem. The goal of this paper is to develop an efficient algorithm to solve an inverse kinematic problem of three dimensional binary parallel robot manipulator using a backbone curve when the number of actuators are too much. We first derive the coordinate transformations associated with a three degree of freedom in-parallel actuated robot manipulator. The backbone curve is generated optimally by considering the maximum roll and pitch angles of the robot manipulator configuration and length of link. Then, the robot manipulator is fitted along the backbone curve with some criterion.

• 천문학회지
• /
• 제39권3호
• /
• pp.73-80
• /
• 2006

We analyze the extinction law towards several B1V stars-members of our Galaxy, searching for possible discrepancies from the galactic average extinction curve. Our photometric data allow to build extinction curves in a very broad range: from extreme UV till infrared. Two-colour diagrams, based on the collected photometric data from the ANS UV satellite, published UBV measurements and on the infrared 2MASS data of the selected stars, are constructed. Slopes of the fitted straight lines are used to build the average extinction curve and to search for discrepant objects. The selected stars have also been observed spectroscopically from the Terskol and ESO Observatories; these spectra allow to check their Sp/L's. The spectra of only about 30% of the initially selected objects resemble closely that of HD144470, considered as the standard of B1 V type. Other spectra either show some emission features or belong clearly to another spectral types. They are not used to build the extinction curve. Two-colour diagrams, constructed for the selected B1 V stars, showing no emission stellar features, prove that the interstellar extinction law is homogeneous in the Galaxy. Both the shape of the curve and the total-to-selective extinction ratio do not differ from the galactic average and the canonical value(3.1) respectively. The circumstellar emissions usually cause some discrepancies from the average interstellar extinction law; the discrepancies observed in the extraterrestrial ultraviolet, usually follow some misclassifications.

• 한국정밀공학회지
• /
• 제16권3호통권96호
• /
• pp.174-179
• /
• 1999

A binary parallel robot manipulator uses actuators which have only two stable states and is structure is variable geometry truss. As a result, it has a finite number of states and fault tolerant mechanism because of kinematic redundancy. This kind of robot manipulator has the following advantages compared to a traditional one. Feedback control is not required, task repeatability can be very high, and finite state actuators are generally inexpensive. Because the number of states of a binary robot manipulator grows exponentially with the number of actuators, it is very difficult to solve an inverse kinematic problem. The goal of this paper is to develop an efficient algorithm to solve an inverse kinematic problem when the number of actuators are too much or the target position is located outside of workspace. The backbone curve is generated optimally by considering the curvature of the robot manipulator configuration and length of link. Then, the robot manipulator is fitted along the backbone curve with some criteria.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
• /
• 제40권3호
• /
• pp.167-176
• /
• 2020

The objective of the present study was to determine the best model to describe and quantify the changes in live body weight, height at withers, height at rump, body length and chest girth of Holstein cows raised under Korean feeding conditions for 50 months. The five standard growth models namely polynomial linear regression models, regression of growth variables on the first and second-order of ages in days (model 1) and regression of growth variables on age covariates from first to the third-order (model 2) as well as non-linear models were fitted and evaluated for representing growth pattern of Holstein cows raised in Korean feeding circumstances. Nonlinear models fitted were three exponential growth curve models; Brody, Gompertz, and von Bertalanffy functional models. For this purpose, a total of 22 Holstein cows raised in Korea used in the period from April 2016 to May 2020. Each model fitted to monthly growth curve records of dairy cows by using PROC NLIN procedure in SAS program. On the basis of the results, nonlinear models showed the lower root mean square of error (RMSE) for live body weight, height at withers, height at rump, body length and chest girth (12.22, 1.95, 1.55, 4.04, 2.06) with higher correlation coefficiency (R²) values for live body weight, height at withers, height at rump, body length and chest girth (0.99, 0.99, 0.99, 1.00, 1.00). Overall, the evaluation of the different growth models indicated that the Gompertz model used in the study seemed to be the most appropriate one for standard growth of Holstein cows raised under Korean feeding system.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
• /
• 제17권4호
• /
• pp.718-725
• /
• 2016

본 논문에서는 대형 선박의 판형 열교환기 등에 널리 이용되고 있는 순 티타늄 판재의 소성변형을 유한요소해석하기 위한 기초 데이터로서 순 티타늄 판재의 유동곡선을 평가하였다. 순 티타늄 판재의 프레스 가공 시에 판재에는 국부적으로 큰 소성변형이 발생하고 있다. 그러나 기존의 단축 인장실험에서 얻을 수 있는 소성변형률이 낮아서 티타늄 판재의 가공공정 설계를 위한 유한요소해석의 정밀도를 떨어뜨리는 경우가 있다. 본 연구에서는 큰 소성변형률 까지 안정적으로 성형이 가능한 유압벌지실험을 수행하여 재료의 소성변형에서 가공경화특성을 나타내는 유동곡선으로써 진응력-진변형률 선도를 구하였고 그 결과를 인장실험 결과와 비교하였다. 순 티타늄 판재의 유압벌지실험에서 재료의 변형률은 3D 디지털 영상상관법을 이용한 ARAMIS 시스템으로 실시간 측정된다. 이 유압벌지실험으로부터는 소성 변형률이 0.65 이상 까지도 안정적으로 재료의 소성유동곡선을 얻을 수 있었으며 그 결과는 Kim-Tuan 이 문헌 17[Y.S. Kim, J.H. In, Korean Acadmia-Ind. Coop. Soc.,(be in print), 2016] 의 연구에서 제안한 가공경화식으로 잘 핏팅됨을 알 수 있었다.

• 한국안광학회지
• /
• 제16권1호
• /
• pp.97-106
• /
• 2011

목적: 구면 콘택트렌즈(렌즈)가 각막에 피팅되는 경우 렌즈가 각막을 누르는 힘(압력, 부착력)을 tight 및 flat 피팅 별로 이론적으로 비교 분석하였다. 방법: Tight 및 flat 피팅 상태에서 렌즈의 각막 부착력을 계산할 수 있는 방정식 및 수치해석 프로그램(모델)을 수립하였다. 이 모델에 근거하여 BC, 직경, 두께, 모서리 형상 등 제반 렌즈변수와 각막형상(각막의 장축/단축 비, p) 변화에 수반되는 렌즈의 각막부착력을 tight 또는 flat 피팅 별로 예측/해석하였다. 결과: 각막의 p값이 증가할수록 각막부착력은 증가한다. p 값 증가에 따른 부착력 상승은 flat 피팅 경우가 tight에 비해 월등히 크다. 렌즈의 BC가 증가할수록 각막부착력은 flat 피팅에서는 큰 폭으로 감소하는데 반해 tight 피팅에서는 그 증가가 미미하다. 렌즈 직경이 증가할수록 각막부착력은 tight/flat 피팅 모두에서 미미하게 감소한다. 렌즈의 모서리형상(모서리각도 ${\Psi}$)과 렌즈두께는 tight 피팅에서만 영향을 미치는 요소들이다. Tight 피팅된 렌즈가 각막을 누르는 힘은 모서리 각도에 비례하여 증가한다. Tight 피팅 렌즈는 두께가 증가할수록 렌즈가 각막을 누르는 각막부착력은 두께에 반비례로 감소한다. 결론: 피팅상태의 렌즈가 각막을 누르는 힘에 가장 크게 영향을 미치는 2 가지 요소는 각막의 만곡도와 렌즈의 BC이다.

• 한국지반공학회논문집
• /
• 제24권9호
• /
• pp.41-48
• /
• 2008

본 연구에서는 수축균열 단계를 나타낼 수 있는 도해적인 방법을 제안하였다. 우선 발생된 균열들을 균열폭의 크기 순서대로 나열하여 균열 분포를 구하였다. 다음에 균열폭을 정규화하여 0에서 1사이의 값으로 나타내었다. 마지막으로 Brooks와 Corey(1964), Fredlund와 Xing(1994), van Genuchten(1980)이 제안한바 있는 S형 곡선모델에 실험 결과를 적용시켰다. 분석 결과 van Genuchten의 식이 Brooks와 Corey식보다 정확도가 크게 높은 것으로 나타났으며, Fredlund와 Xing식보다도 높게 나타나 van Genuchten의 식을 적용하였다. 결과적으로 수축균열의 단계는 정규화 된 균열폭 분포가 3개의 직선부로 나누이는 도해적인 방법으로 나타낼 수 있었다. 제안된 방법의 적용성을 보기 위해 시료의 두께에 변화를 주며 시험을 실시하였다. 측정된 데이터를 제안된 모델에 적용하여 본 결과 높은 상관성을 보여 주었다. 따라서 수축 균열은 초기수축단계, 이차수축단계 그리고 잔류수축단계의 3단계로 모사할 수 있었다. 또한 각 단계에서의 균열 폭의 범위를 제시하였다.