• Journal of People, Plants, and Environment
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• 제23권6호
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• pp.603-614
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• 2020

Background and objective: This study was conducted to understand urban residents' perception of indoor plants in order to assist in the preparation of guidelines for growing plants indoors. Methods: Questionnaires were distributed to urban residents currently growing plants or with experience of growing plants. The data of 247 respondents were subjected to analysis to assess their level of interest and ability with regard to growing plants, and their recognition of the selection and function of plants. Results: Respondents showed high interest in growing plants at a level of 6.77, but their ability was moderate. This suggests that information regarding plant maintenance should be provided to urban residents. They recognized the function of plants for improving the environment as important, and expected that indoor plants would improve their mood and visual experience. Satisfaction with growing plants was high from an emotional perspective. They recognized that the function of air purification function was important even if the actual performance or effect was not great. This indicates that the function of air purification should be emphasized more. As the result of the IPA, plants should be selected in consideration of morphological characteristics such as leaf, flower and fruit, and continuously managed to maintain their characteristics. Since the performance of pots was less satisfactory compared to their importance, they should be selected so that they harmonize better with plants and are of the appropriate size to fit the space. The type of plants is an important factor in plant selection in order to perform an environmental function, and the flower color and pot size are important in terms of aesthetics and healing. Conclusion: When horticulture information on indoor plants is provided to urban residents, first, it should be provided to satisfy the functions of the plants required by urban residents and in order to promote and maintain the proper growth of plants. Second, various contents that utilize components should be developed to achieve plant function so that resident can determine the function of plants and select the type, quantity, and shape of plants to achieve the desired function.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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• 제59권1호
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• pp.18-26
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• 2021

Purpose: Generally, patients are noticed to store denture in water when removed from the mouth. However, few studies have reported the advantage of volumetric change in underwater storage over dry storage. To be a reference in defining the proper denture storage method, this study aims to evaluate the volumetric change and dimensional deformation in case of underwater and dry storage. Materials and methods: Definitive casts were scanned by a model scanner, and denture bases were designed with computer-aided design (CAD) software. Twelve denture bases (upper 6, lower 6) were printed with 3D printer. Printed denture bases were invested and flasked with heat-curing method. 6 upper and 6 lower dentures were divided into group A and B, and each group contains 3 upper and 3 lower dentures. Group A was stored dry at room temperature, group B was stored underwater. Group B was scanned at every 24 hours for 28 days and scanned data was saved as stereolithography (SLA) file. These SLA files were analyzed to measure the difference in volumetric change of a month and Kruskal-Wallis test were used for statistical analysis. Best-fit algorithm was used to overlap and 3-dimensional color-coded map was used to observe the changing pattern of impression surface. Results: No significant difference was found in volumetric changes regardless of the storage methods. In dry-stored denture base, significant changes were found in the palate of upper jaw and posterior lingual border of lower jaw in direction away from the underlying tissue, maxillary tuberosity of upper jaw and retromolar pad area of lower jaw in direction towards the underlying tissue. Conclusion: Storing the denture underwater shows less volumetric change of impression surface than storing in the dry air.

• Analytical Science and Technology
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.79-87
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• 1998

Consumers have recently preferred to purchase extensive UV intercepting products, which are waterproof and free from side effects on skin. During the testing of cytotoxicity (in-vitro) in neutral red (NR) method, cell survival ratio of UV-B interceptors decreased to just above 0.08 w/v%, and it was observed that the UV-A interceptors the ratio also decreased to just above 0.06 w/v%. In addition patch-tests of inorganic UV interceptors resulted in no skin irritation even below 10.0 and 11.25. In absorption curves, UV-B was most suitable for octyl methoxycinnamate (OMC) and UV-A for butyl methoxy dibenzoylmethane (BMDM). For this reason, $Nylonpoly^{TM}$ UVA/UVB the material of OMC and BMDM coated with Nylon & polyethylene, was used as the organic UV interceptor. Zinc oxide (ZnO) and titanium dioxide ($TiO_2$) was used as inorganic UV interceptors. The appropriate mixture ratio of ZnO and $TiO_2$ was 6 to 4:6% of ZnO, 4% of $TiO_2$ and 5% of $Nylonpoly^{TM}$ UVA/UVB were all combined and added to our sunscreen cream. The SPF value of in-vitro was 38.9. In practical application, each sun protection factor (SPF) duration of oil-in-water (O/W) emulsion and water-in-silicone (W/S) emulsion containing sunscreen cream of the same content showed that W/S type of sunscreen cream was 5 times as durable as the other. Therefore, this product is fit for use in swimming, climbing or skiing. This research is to minimize skin trouble caused by UV interceptors and to make one with proper softness, skin safety and UV intercepting efficiency.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• 제21권6호
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• pp.228-236
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• 2021

This research investigates the causes of infringements related to authors' moral rights which has most conflict among moral rights of authorship, through analysis of judicial precedents and compare whether there subsists any differences in viewpoints between judicial precedent trend and those on behind the scene of broadcast production. Copyright is divided into intellectual property and moral rights of authorship. Right to the integrity of the work is part of moral rights of authorship and produce one content and used in various media. When the edit is needed to fit the organization and advertisement time, advanced consultation from the rightful owner or written consent is needed. However, under the time pressure or ignorance of copyright, the arbitrary edits are made and content is used. This infringes the right of the integrity of the work. When we produce and use cinematographic works and other audiovisual works, there are considerable variablilies stemming from authorship, production cost and program staff. Therefore, prior conscent is needed to acquire and use the copyright in a proper manner. However, due to production-oriented environment and low understanding of the copyright protection, we usually depend on the users' work practices rhather than insufficiency of copyright laws in dealing with the infringement of right to the industry. In conclusion, we need to provide meticulous work manual and to focus on systematic eduction of professional copyright manpower.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences
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• 제41권3호
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• pp.226-232
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• 2013

A compact hydrogen generation device of fuel cell system using chemical hydride storage technique was designed to fit the propulsion device requirement of a small unmanned aerial vehicle(SUAV). For high efficient, compact, and lightweight hydrogen generation control device, the Co-B catalyst hydrogen conversion rate by $NaBH_4$ aqueous solution flux is measured so that the proper amount of Co-B catalyst for maximum hydrogen generation of 100W stack was proposed. A compact hydrogen generation device is controlled by pump's on/off using its own internal pressure and consumes fuel in high efficiency through a dead-end type fuel cell. The fuel cell system has stable operation for a planed flight profile. The system operates up to maximum 7 hours and at least 4 hours for tough flight profiles.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.27-38
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• 2006

In the planning stage of mobile phone development, one of the most important considerations is to select a FormFactor properly to determine the strategy and Purpose of a Product. Up to now, the FormFactor has been selected only by intuitional and qualitative methods. In this study, the Appraisal Methodology using Sensibility Adjectives of Emotion and Sensibility Engineering was presented to suggest the systematic and rational framework in the field of FormFactor selection. First, we verified the conceptual FormFactors with Axiomatic Design and classified the Sensibility Adjectives into the verified FormFactors. When the FormFactor and classified Design Parameters (DP) were given to a designer, the designer implemented the preliminary designs and they were assessed and analyzed by the survey. With these processes, we were able to select the proper designs for FormFactors which were fit for the purpose of a product. This was caused by connecting the Axiomatic Design and tile Sensibility Adjectives. This study gave the possibilities that can be spread to the selection factors, except for the FormFactor, from now on.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.1-22
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• 1997

This paper was focused on the efficient management of landscape woody plants, and concerned itself with their important role in the urban environment. Based on the philosophy that there is nothing that can be done without an inventory, the purpose of this study was to develop an inventory system and iris proper application to a site for establishing a management plan Two different approaches were used, The first was to make a newly structured inventory system through collecting, analyzing, and evaluating various types of inventories used in Korea, the U. S. A., and Japan. The second approach was to apply a newly designed inventory system to the case study area. using GIS 'as a tool of spacial analysis and statistics for making decisions. The results could be summarized as follows; 1. In Korea, most of the Landscape Woozy Plants Inventories had datas which represented possession of trees, and only the work which they had done according to their traditional ways, There was no data related to the conditions, management needs, and site conditions of individual trees, This is essential information for organizing an inventory system . 2. There needs to be data which is balanced, containing tree characteristics and site characteristics. Through such information the management needs could be adjusted properly. The inventory list described in this paper was determined by botanical identity, placement condition, condition of tree, and types of work for maintaining as well as improving the condition of each tree One of the most important things was to determine the location data of each tree so as to compare data with other trees. The data gained from the field survey still had some problems because of lack of scientific method for supporting objective views, and because of actual situations, especially in the field of evaluating site conditions and management needs. All data should be revised to fit a computer data management system , if possible 3. The GIS(Geographic Information System) application showed good performance in handling inventory data for decision making. All the data used for the GIS application was divided into location and non-spatial data. Using the location data, it was easy to find the exact location of each tree on the monitor and on the maps generated by the computer even in the actual managed trite, along with various attribute data. Therefore it could be said that the entire management plan should start from data of individual trees with their exact locations, for making concrete management goals through actual budget planning.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.132-140
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• 2022

This study was conducted to identify the optimal lotion manufacturing conditions with decursin and decursinol angelate of Angelica gigas Nakai extraction. Lotion was confirmed that it had viscosity (5,208±112 cPs), assay (99.71±1.01%), and pH (5.62) for 3 months. The optimization of manufacturing conditions of mixing 4 for lotion formulation were made by 22+3 full factorial design. Mixing temperature (40-80℃) and mixing time (10-30 min) were used as independent variables with three responses(assay, pH, and weight variation) as critical quality attributes (CQAs). The model for assay and weight variation identified a proper fit having a determination coefficient of the regression equation (about 0.9) and a p-value less than 0.05. Estimated conditions for the optimal manufacturing process of lotion were 61.93℃ in mixing temperature and 15.85 min in mixing time. Predicted values at the mixing temperature (60℃) and mixing time (20 min) were 100.69% of assay, 5.57 of pH, and 98.07% of weight variation. In the verification of the actual measurement the obtained values showed 100.29±0.98% of assay, 5.57±0.02 of pH, and 98.27±0.89% of weight variation, respectively, in good agreement with predicted values.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.241-249
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• 2007

This article addresses considerations, processes of drawing concepts and design approaches in compiling a corporate brochure set in the practice of editorial design. A well-made brochure does not simply refer to listings of the current state of a company and a fantastic visualization of their visions. It necessarily involves the utilization of strategic core keywords appropriate to the industry, proper and classy metaphors that fit the target, a certain harmony between direct and indirect narratives, and bringing all of these aspects under the hat of creative and purposeful design in a single brochure. Thus, it also calls for variety and changes to captivate the eye when leafing through brochures. 1. Does the brochure reflect accurate diagnoses on the position of the market environment, the industry and their needs? 2. Does it offer solutions to given tasks, does it claim to be able to solve problems a company may have, does it satisfy their expectations, and does it cover the topics in an in-depth manner? 3. Referring to questions 1 & 2, does it address existing cases of competitors, leading players and global trends? 4. Does it have an appropriate design language that can communicate intrinsic issues and global trends as well as appropriate rhetorical visual aids that stand out?

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.7-13
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• 1972

Many geometric curves are presented as representative form of normal dental arches by many authors; circle, ellipse, parabola or catenary curve. Among them those except circle seems difficult to be adopted as a guide in ideal arch form construction and practically many orthodontists chose circle as a standard. Author preferred circle of Bonwill's theory in study of anterior teeth alignment of Korean adults. Eighty three dental models which possess proper occlusion and good arch form were selected and copies of their occlusal surfaces obtained by Ricopy machine. The use of Ricopy machine made it possible to draw arch form exactly. Mesiodistal widths of six anterior teeth were measured and they were added to combined mesiodistal width of six anterior teeth. Circle, that include the points of two cuspal tips of canines and one incisal edge of central incisor were drawn. Distances of lateral incisors that are deviated from arc of this circle were measured and classified into four grades by degree and three groups by kind of teeth deviated. By counting the number of samples involved degree of fit of the circle to arch contour of Korean adult was described. Then, size of radius of circle, intercanine width and intermolar width were measured and evaluated their ratios to combined mesiodistal width of six anterior teeth. In normal occlusion of Korean adult anterior teeth seems to be arranged on an arc of circle the radius of which is similar to combined mesiodistal width of six anterior teeth. Intercanine width and intermolar width have rather constant ratios to combined width of six anterior teeth.