• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.57-67
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• 2024

This research investigates training methods for large language models to accurately identify sentiments and comprehend information about increasing and decreasing fluctuations in the financial domain. The main goal is to identify suitable datasets that enable these models to effectively understand expressions related to financial increases and decreases. For this purpose, we selected sentences from Wall Street Journal that included relevant financial terms and sentences generated by GPT-3.5-turbo-1106 for post-training. We assessed the impact of these datasets on language model performance using Financial PhraseBank, a benchmark dataset for financial sentiment analysis. Our findings demonstrate that post-training FinBERT, a model specialized in finance, outperformed the similarly post-trained BERT, a general domain model. Moreover, post-training with actual financial news proved to be more effective than using generated sentences, though in scenarios requiring higher generalization, models trained on generated sentences performed better. This suggests that aligning the model's domain with the domain of the area intended for improvement and choosing the right dataset are crucial for enhancing a language model's understanding and sentiment prediction accuracy. These results offer a methodology for optimizing language model performance in financial sentiment analysis tasks and suggest future research directions for more nuanced language understanding and sentiment analysis in finance. This research provides valuable insights not only for the financial sector but also for language model training across various domains.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.12 no.5
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• pp.63-70
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• 2011

This research outlined the factors influencing the business management success via analyzing a survey of business principles. The research process has been tested in comparison of both financial factors, which come out of objective data and non-financial factors so relevantly prioritized by combining these factors. In order to specify the factors, a check-list and analyzed essential features of category have done with interviews and surveys. As consequently proceeding, the authors could deduce that non-financial but analytic factors such as business doable, technician workability, compensation and benefits etc. play major roles in construction sector. The outcomes consider a construction business as fundamental human labor job as opposed to a manufacture business. On reasoning necessarily more objective research works to be done as developing this research's outcome, it is meaningful in suggesting the pivotal factors influencing the construction business management. Therefore, this research is expected to guide the direction to induce the improvement of business management to be done by further exemplary researches.

• Culinary science and hospitality research
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.214-220
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• 2015

This study examines whether the two variables that encompass the number of rooms sold and occupancy, as independent variables, positively affect a total of revenue generated from the hotel industry. Using a simple regression analysis and a standard multiple regression analysis, the study evaluates if the two independent variables play an important role in influencing a total of revenue in the hotel industry. A finding tells that researchers need consider a removal of the occupancy rate for a better and accurate prediction. It is expected that this study will contribute to a theoretical development of a study group that focuses on what determinants enable to improve a financial performance in the hotel sector.

• KIPS Transactions on Software and Data Engineering
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• v.12 no.8
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• pp.333-340
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• 2023

Efficient prediction of corporate bankruptcy is an important part of making appropriate lending decisions for financial institutions and reducing loan default rates. In many studies, classification models using artificial intelligence technology have been used. In the financial industry, even if the performance of the new predictive models is excellent, it should be accompanied by an intuitive explanation of the basis on which the result was determined. Recently, the US, EU, and South Korea have commonly presented the right to request explanations of algorithms, so transparency in the use of AI in the financial sector must be secured. In this paper, an artificial intelligence-based interpretable classification prediction model was proposed using corporate bankruptcy data that was open to the outside world. First, data preprocessing, 5-fold cross-validation, etc. were performed, and classification performance was compared through optimization of 10 supervised learning classification models such as logistic regression, SVM, XGBoost, and LightGBM. As a result, LightGBM was confirmed as the best performance model, and SHAP, an explainable artificial intelligence technique, was applied to provide a post-explanation of the bankruptcy prediction process.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.10 no.7
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• pp.1696-1701
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• 2009

In this paper we analyzed the management performance as the result of the korean government's support policy for the small and medium sized business (SMB). The governmental support policy was carried out for the companies classified in 3 criterion. The first is the upbringing of dynamic SMB group, which are driven by creativity and innovation. The second is the enforcement of technology-innovation and cooperation for SMB. The last is the establishment of the growth basis for SMB like funds, human resources and distribution channels. After categorization of above 3 classes, the affect of support policy on the management performance is analyzed, in terms of 3 aspects, management performance, technical performance and policy satisfaction. This study shows that the governmental support policy has the remarkable effects on the financial support sector of SMB. The 5 major sectors, 1) the upbinging of venture-innobiz innovation company, 2) rearing funds of knowledge-based service company, 3) R&D support, 4) support of management stability fund, 5) expansion of distribution channel to the public sector, are designed from 24 variables. The 3 sectors of these 5 are have the main influences from governmental support policy.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.817-838
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• 2014

Test environment on the company that handles a large amount of data such as telecommunications companies and financial institutions, may not always be the same as the production environment, which is caused by conversion of important columns about information and limitation of storage capacity due to the construction cost. Therefore, SQL performance degradation that occurs when the test and production environments are not the same, which is an important cause of connecting to the unexpected failures of online transactions, and it generates financial loss of business, customer complaints, a decrease in reliability. In studies related SQL performance, it has so far been conducted mainly studies of tuning associated with DBMS Optimizer, and it has not been addressed issues of this sector. Therefore, in this paper, I verify the validity about presentation of the advanced SQL Performance-based IT application change management process, in order to prevent failures of the online transactions associated with poor performance of SQL generated by differences in test and production environments.

• Journal of Information Technology Services
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.101-126
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• 2007

This study aims to construct the integrative performance evaluation model of informatization programs. In order to achieve the purpose of research, first of all, the three major theoretical paradigms (technical/functional, economic/financial, and interpretive/alternative paradigms) are comparatively analyzed concerning their philosophical and methodological perspectives. Also, a number of important studies and research model in the area of IS (Information Systems) evaluation are critically reviewed. And then actual problems and limitations on the process of implementing IS performance evaluation are sought through investigating domestic and foreign practices. Based upon theoretical and practical review of informatization evaluation and logical reasoning, the components of ideal performance evaluation scheme for informatization program are derived, and the integrative performance evaluation model which can comprehensively represent the relationship among the components is conceptually proposed. For researchers, this study provides the theoretical basis for reasonably deriving the performance variables of informatization programs and empirically validating the performance of managing informatization programs. And in real world, the results of this study are very likely to contribute to presenting the practical guideline for desirably implementing performance evaluation of informatization programs.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.7 no.8
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• pp.15-23
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• 2020

Based on the theoretical underpinnings of the agency theory and liquidity theory, the purpose of this study is to show how managers who want to enhance the performance of Pakistan's non-financial sector can use liquidity policy in relation to corporate governance. Nowadays, Pakistan is facing a severe liquidity crisis; this study contributes by examining the mediating role of liquidity on the link of corporate governance-performance. We use data from 63 firms from 2010 to 2018, excluding 17 outliers. To analyze the data, we use the Seemingly Unrelated Regression (SURE) model and nlcom-Stata test. Our findings support the mediating role of liquidity on the link between corporate governance and performance. In addition, the results show that corporate governance improves performance. Furthermore, the study supports a significant positive association of liquidity and performance. For robustness, we use two performance variables - return on assets (ROA) and Tobin's q (TQ) - where ROA represents full mediation and TQ indicates partial mediation. This study helps to use liquidity policy to strengthen the inside and outside dimensions of corporate governance mechanisms that improve the performance of firms. Overall, these findings suggest better disclosure, transparency, and solutions to auditing issues that add value to the firms.

• Management & Information Systems Review
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• v.22
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• pp.137-165
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• 2007

It seems high time to increase productivity by adopting e-business to overcome challenges posed by both external factors including the appreciation of Korean won, oil hikes and fierce global competition and domestic issues represented by disparities between large corporations and small and medium enterprises (SMEs), Seoul metropolitan and local cities, and export and domestic demand all of which weaken future growth engines in the Korean economy. The demands of the globalization era are for innovative changes in businessprocess and industrial structure aiming for creating new values. To this end, e-business is expected to play a core role in the sophistication of the Korean economy through new values and innovation. In order to examine business performance in e-business-adopting industries, this study analyzed the home shopping industry by closely looking into the financial ratios including the ratio of net profit to sales, the ratio of operation income to sales, the ratio of gross cost to sales cost, the ratio of gross cost to selling, general and administrative (SG&A) expense, and return of investment (ROI). This study, for best outcome, referred to corporate financial statements as a main resource to calculate financial ratios by utilizing Data Analysis, Retrieval and Transfer System (DART) of the Financial Supervisory Service, one of the Korea's financial supervisory authorities. First of all, the result of the trend analysis on the ratio of net profit to sales is as following. CJ Home Shopping has registered a remarkable increase in its ratio of net profit rate to sales since 2002 while its competitors find it hard to catch up with CJ's stunning performances. This is partly due to the efficient management compared to CJ's value of capital. Such significance, if the current trend continues, will make the front-runner assume the largest market share. On the other hand, GS Home Shopping, despite its best organized system and largest value of capital among others, lacks efficiency in management. Second of all, the result of the trend analysis on the ratio of operation income to sales is as following. Both CJ Home Shopping and GS Home Shopping have, until 2004, recorded similar growth trend. However, while CJ Home Shopping's operating income continued to increase in 2005, GS Home Shopping observed its operating income declining which resulted in the increasing income gap with CJ Home Shopping. While CJ Home Shopping with the largest market share in home shopping industryis engaged in aggressive marketing, GS Home Shopping due to its stability-driven management strategies falls behind CJ again in the ratio of operation income to sales in spite of its favorable management environment including its large capital. Companies in the Group B were established in the same year of 2001. NS Home Shopping was the first in the Group B to shift its loss to profit. Woori Home Shopping has continued to post operating loss for three consecutive years and finally was sold to Lotte Group in 2007, but since then, has registered a continuing increase in net income on sales. Third of all, the result of the trend analysis on the ratio of gross cost to sales cost is as following. Since home shopping falls into sales business, its cost of sales is much lower than that of other types of business such as manufacturing industry. Since 2002 in gross costs including cost of sales, SG&A expense, and non-operating expense, cost of sales turned out to have remarkably decreased. Group B has also posted a notable decline in the same sector since 2002. Fourth of all, the result of the trend analysis on the ratio of gross cost to SG&A expense is as following. Due to its unique characteristics, the home shopping industry usually posts ahigh ratio of SG&A expense. However, more than 80% of SG&A expense means the result of lax management and at the same time, a sharp lower net income on sales than other industries. Last but not least, the result of the trend analysis on ROI is as following. As for CJ Home Shopping, the curve of ROI looks similar to that of its investment on fixed assets. As it turned out, the company's ratio of fixed assets to operating income skyrocketed in 2004 and 2005. As far as GS Home Shopping is concerned, its fixed assets are not as much as that of CJ Home Shopping. Consequently, competition in the home shopping industry, at the moment, is among CJ, GS, Hyundai, NS and Woori Home Shoppings, and all of them need to more thoroughly manage their costs. In order for the late-comers of Group B and other home shopping companies to advance further, the current lax management should be reformed particularly on their SG&A expense sector. Provided that the total sales volume in the Internet shopping sector is projected to grow over 20 trillion won by the year 2010, it is concluded that all the participants in the home shopping industry should put strategies on efficient management on costs and expenses as their top priority rather than increase revenues, if they hope to grow even further after 2007.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.7 no.6
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• pp.265-275
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• 2020

This study investigates the impact of board incentives as proxied by directors' remuneration on the financial performance of listed textile companies in Bangladesh. Using Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) and data pertaining to listed textile companies of Dhaka Stock Exchange (DSE) during the period from 2011 to 2017 (resulting in a total of 140 firm-year observations), we have estimated the firm performance equation involving directors' remuneration and board independence as the independent variables and some other control variables like firm age, size, leverage, and operating efficiency. The results reveal that there is a negative association between board remuneration and firm performance. In addition, this study finds no significant relationship between board independence and firm performance of the sample firms. Our findings suggest that higher pay to the board does not stimulate higher firm performance and, in turn, results in shareholders getting nothing in return from this and, hence, is a matter of great concern for them. Moreover, our results indirectly indicate that currently directors' remuneration in Bangladesh is not aligned with the firm performance, which has been emphasized in extant corporate governance literature. Besides, this paper further raises questions about the effectiveness of independent directors in the boards of textile firms in Bangladesh.