• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.552-569
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• 2017

The existing steganalysis method based on 2D Gabor filters can achieve a competitive detection performance for content-adaptive JPEG steganography. However, the feature dimensionality is still high and the time-consuming of feature extraction is relatively large because the optimal selection is not performed for 2D Gabor filters. To solve this problem, a new steganalysis method is proposed for content-adaptive JPEG steganography by selecting the optimal 2D Gabor filters. For the proposed method, the 2D Gabor filters with different parameter settings are generated first. Then, the feature is extracted by each 2D Gabor filter and the corresponding detection accuracy is used as the measure for filter selection. Next, some 2D Gabor filters are selected by a greedy strategy and the steganalysis feature is extracted by the selected filters. Last, the ensemble classifier is used to assemble the proposed steganalysis feature as well as the final steganalyzer. The experimental results show that the steganalysis feature extracted by the selected optimal 2D Gabor filters also can achieve a competitive detection performance while the feature dimensionality is reduced greatly.

• 전력전자학회논문지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.88-93
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• 2016

LCL filters are widely used in high-order harmonics attenuation of output currents in grid-connected inverters. However, output currents of grid-connected inverters with LCL filters can become unstable because of the resonance of the filters. Given that the characteristics of output currents in inverters mostly depend on filter performance, the exact analysis of filters by considering parasitic components is necessary for both harmonics attenuation and current control. LCL filters have three or four parasitic components: the series and/or parallel resistance of the filter capacitor and the series resistance of the two filter inductors. Most studies on LCL filters have focused on the parasitic components of the filter capacitor. Although several studies have addressed the parasitic components of the filter inductor at the inverter side, no study has yet investigated the concurrent effects of series resistance in both filter inductors in detail. This paper analyzes LCL filters by considering series resistance in both filter inductors; it proposes an active damping method based on the virtual series resistance of LCL filters. The performance of the proposed active damping is then verified through both simulation and experiment using Hardware-in-the-Loop Simulator(HILS).

• 한국전자통신학회논문지
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• 제7권6호
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• pp.1309-1314
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• 2012

SAMED 필터는 미디언 부필터들의 출력을 선형 FIR 필터의 입력으로 사용하는 다단 필터로 선형 필터와 순서통계에 기초한 비선형 필터의 특성을 모두 포함하는 광범위한 필터군(filter class)으로 소개되었다. 본 논문에서는 여러 가지 잡음 환경에서 주어진 영상에서 각 차수에 대한 최적 SAMED 필터를 설계하고 그 성능을 분석하였다. 연속 SAMED 필터가 아닌 각 차수에 대한 SAMED 필터의 성능을 분석함으로써 잡음의 종류에 따라서 각 차수의 효율이 다름을 보였다. 가우스 잡음의 경우는 낮은 차수의 필터들이 계산량 대비 성능이 우수한 반면 임펄스 잡음의 경우는 반대의 성향을 보인다는 사실을 밝혔다.

• 한국항해항만학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국항해항만학회 2006년도 International Symposium on GPS/GNSS Vol.2
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• pp.137-141
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• 2006

The purpose of GPS structural vibration monitoring is to obtain information on the frequency and amplitude of vibrations based on GPS observations that are often affected by various errors. Filters are frequently used to improve GPS accuracy and to retrieve vibration signals from GPS observational series. This paper studies the performances of four commonly used filters, i.e., Vondrak, wavelet, adaptive FIR and Kalman filters, for such applications. Controlled experiments are carried out and the results show that the capability of GPS in tracking structural dynamics and complex signals can be improved with any of the filters. The performances of Vondrak and wavelet filters are almost the same and superior to the adaptive FIR and Kalman filters. Recommendations are given for the selection of filters and filter parameters for different situations based on an analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of each of the filters.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제22권9호
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• pp.1288-1295
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• 2012

Exposure to bioaerosols causes various adverse health effects including infectious and respiratory diseases, and hypersensitivity. Controlling exposure to bioaerosols is important for disease control and prevention. In this study, we evaluated the efficacies of various functional filters coated with antimicrobial chemicals in deactivating representative microorganisms on filters or as bioaerosols. Tested functional filters were coated with different chemicals that included (i) Ginkgo and sumac, (ii) Ag-apatite and guanidine phosphate, (iii) $SiO_2$, ZnO, and $Al_2O_3$, and (iv) zeolite. To evaluate the filters, we used a model ventilation system (1) to evaluate the removal efficiency of bacteria (Escherichia coli and Legionella pneumophila), bacterial spores (Bacillus subtilis spore), and viruses (MS2 bacteriophage) on various functional filters, and (2) to characterize the removal efficiency of these bioaerosols. All experiments were performed at a constant temperature of $25^{\circ}C$ and humidity of 50%. Most bacteria (excluding B. subtilis) rapidly decreased on the functional filter. Therefore, we confirmed that functional filters have antimicrobial effects. Additionally, we evaluated the removal efficiency of various bioaerosols by these filters. We used a six-jet collision nebulizer to generate microbial aerosols and introduced it into the environmental chamber. We then measured the removal efficiency of functional filters with and without a medium-efficiency filter. Most bioaerosol concentrations did not significantly decrease by the functional filter only but decreased by a combination of functional and medium-efficiency filter. In conclusion, functional filters could facilitate biological removal of various bioaerosols, but physical removal of these by functional was minimal. Proper use of chemical-coated filter materials could reduce exposure to these agents.

• 대한전자공학회논문지SP
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• 제41권6호
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• pp.285-294
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• 2004

신호처리에서 메디안 필터는 임펄스 잡음을 제거하는 비선형 필터 중에서 가장 널리 사용되고, 가장 강력한 효과를 보이고 있다. 본 논문은 잡음 검출에 의한 적응형 메디안 필터를 제안한다. 제안한 필터의 기본 알고리즘은 잡음 여부를 각 판단기준에 의해서 판별한 후, 판별 결과에 따라 조건을 만족하면 메디안 필터를 취하고, 만족하지 않으면 원 영상(No Filter)으로 복원한다. 잡음 판별을 위해서 로컬 분산과 로컬 중간값 분산을 이용한 잡음 검출을 제시했고, 기존의 [5]∼[10] 필터와 특성 및 성능을 비교 분석하였다. 제안한 필터는 기존의 필터를 같은 조건에서 수행한 결과보다 대부분의 경우에서 개선을 보이고, 주관적인 육안으로 판별했을 경우에도, 그 이상의 효과를 보임을 입증하였다. 따라서 로컬 분산과 로컬 중간값 분산을 이용한 적응형 메디안 필터는 메디안 필터의 임펄스 잡음 제거 특성에 강한 장점을 살리고, 에지 보존 능력이 강화되었음을 증명 하였다.

• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제66권3호
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• pp.1-14
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• 2024

Gaining an accurate 3D stream geometry has become feasible with Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV), which is crucial for better understanding stream hydrodynamic processes. The objective of this study was to investigate series of filters to remove stream vegetation and propose the best method for generating Digital Terrain Models (DTMs) using UAV-based point clouds. A stream reach approximately 500 m of the Bokha stream in Icheon city was selected as the study area. Point clouds were obtained in August 1st, 2023, using Phantom 4 multispectral and Zenmuse L1 for Structure from Motion (SfM) and Light Detection And Ranging (LiDAR) respectively. Three vegetation filters, two morphological filters, and six composite filters which combined vegetation and morphological filters were applied in this study. The Mean Absolute Error (MAE) and Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) were used to assess each filters comparing with the two cross-sections measured by leveling survey. The vegetation filters performed better in SfM, especially for short vegetation areas, while the morphological filters demonstrated superior performance on LiDAR, particularly for taller vegetation areas. Overall, the composite filters combining advantages of two types of filters performed better than single filter application. The best method was the combination of Progressive TIN (PTIN) and Color Indicies of Vegetation Extraction (CIVE) for SfM, showing the smallest MAE of 0.169 m. The proposed method in this study can be utilized for constructing DTMs of stream and thus contribute to improving the accuracy of stream hydrodynamic simulations.

• ETRI Journal
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.48-58
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• 1997

Using high quality high-$T_c$ superconducting (HTS) YBCO thin films, we designed and fabricated 3-pole, 5-pole, and 7-pole lowpass filters consisting of microstrip transmission lines and open-stub lines. We measured the microwave response of the filters in the temperature range of T=85 K to 27 K. AtT=30 K, the observed inband insertion loss was 0.14dB and 0.02dB for the 5-pole and 7-pole filters, respectively. The cut-off frequency was 4.7 GHz for the 5-pole filter and 7.9GHz for the 7-pole filter. To the authors' knowledge, the measured inband insertion losses are the best values reported so far for the open-stub line type HTS multipole lowpass filters. The skirt property of the 5-pole filter showed a large improvement over that of the 3-pole filter as predicted from the simulation. We found that, to obtain a stable performance, the HTS multipole lowpass filters should be operated at the temperatures between 60% and 70% of $T_c$.

• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.75-84
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• 2001

Hot gas filtration method via using ceramic filters is an evolving technology applicable to numerous industrial and air pollution control processes. Alumino silicate, organic and inorganic binders were the major raw materials in manufacturing ceramic filters. In this work, disc type ceramic filters(50$\phi$$\times$10t) were manufactured by vacuum forming processes using ceramic raw materials. The porosity and bulk density of disc type ceramic filers ranged from 86 to 89% and from 0.27 to 0.36 g/㎤, respectively. In this work disc type ceramic medium were tested utilizing coupon experimental apparatus. Disc type filters showed high collection efficiencies over 99.96% with Darchs law coefficients of 4.1$\times$10(sup)10~9.63$\times$10(sup)10/$m^2$ depending on mean pore sizes. In addition, filtration and detachment of ceramic filters turned out to be performed effectively using 10 cm/sec face velocity, 5 minutes filtration cycle, 100msec pulse jet valve opening time and 3 bar pulsing pressure.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 1994년도 하계학술대회 논문집 A
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• pp.447-449
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• 1994

This paper deals with the static characteristics of filters at the AC source in single phase PWM converter using hysterisis current control method. The filters are needed to reduce the current harmonics. In general, there are two kinds of filters which can be used for current controlled PWM converter. One is the low pass filter, the other is the resonant filter for a frequency. This paper designs these filters by analysing the characteristics. And these filters are compared through performance index such as harmonic reduction factor and the value of components which make up filters.