• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
• /
• v.3 no.1
• /
• pp.56-60
• /
• 1995

Experiment for analysing changes of growth, tuber yield and total sugar content during wintering was performed with Maekmoondong 1(L. platyphylla WANG et TANG). The growth of over ground characteristics including leaf length, tiller number and fresh leaf weight lasted to the middle of April. The growth and filling of tuber were progressed and got to the top of tuber yield (387kg/l0a) in the middle of March, showing the optimum harvesting time in Big Blue Lilyturf cultivation. Total sugar content showed the highest value(79%) in the late of January and was decreased gradually to the middle of March during wintering. There was highly significant negative correlation between total sugar content and tuber yield.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
• /
• v.5 no.6
• /
• pp.487-494
• /
• 2001

During depolarization, extrusion of $Ca^{2+}$ from sarcoplasmic reticulum through forward-mode $Na^+-Ca^{2+}$ exchange was studied in the rat ventricular myocytes patch-clamped in whole-cell configuration. In order to confine the $Ca^{2+}$ responses in a micro-domain by limiting the $Ca^{2+}$ diffusion time, rat ventricular myocytes were dialyzed with high (14 mM) EGTA. $K^+$ current was suppressed by substituting KCl with 105 mM CsCl and 20 mM TEA in the pipette filling solution and by omitting KCl in the external Tyrode solution. $Cl^-$ current was suppressed by adding 0.1 mM DIDS in the external Tyrode solution. During stimulation roughly mimicking action potential, the initial outward current was converted into inward current, $47{\pm}1%$ of which was suppressed by 0.1 mM $CdCl_2.$ 10 mM caffeine increased the remaining inward current after $CdCl_2$ in a cAMP-dependent manner. This caffeine-induced inward current was blocked by $1\;{\mu}M$ ryanodine, $10\;{\mu}M$ thapsigargin, 5 mM $NiCl_2,$ or by $Na^+\;and\;Ca^{2+}$ omission, but not by $0.1\;{\mu}M$ isoproterenol. The $I{\sim}V$ relationship of the caffeine-induced current elicited inward current from -45 mV to +3 mV with the peak at -25 mV. Taken together, it is concluded that, during activation of the rat ventricular myocyte, forward-mode $Na^+-Ca^{2+}$ exchange extrudes a fraction of $Ca^{2+}$ released from sarcoplasmic reticulum mainly by voltage-sensitive release mechanism in a micro-domain in the t-tubule, which is functionally separable from global $Ca^{2+}{_i}$ by EGTA.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
• /
• v.28 no.2
• /
• pp.127-133
• /
• 2003

The object of this study was to compare the microleakage between various composite resin systems of multistep, one-bottle, and self-etching systems using electrical conductivity. After making class V cavities ($4{\times}3{\times}1.5{\;}mm$ around CEJ), they were bulk filled with three kinds of resins of A3. Teeth were storaged in a saline solution for one day, after then, they were finished and polished using Sof-Lex system. Another stress of thermocycling was made for 500 times from $5^{\circ}{\;}to{\;}55^{\circ}C$ with each dwelling time of 10 seconds. Electrical conductivity (microamphere, $\mu\textrm{A}$) was checked four times: before and after cavity preparation, after filing, after thermocycling. One-way ANOVA and 95% Scheffe Post Hoc test was used for checking any statistical difference among groups. Another 95% Paired Samples T-test was also used for estimating any significant difference within group after cavity filling or thermocycling. The results were as follows: 1 Every specimen showed various range of microleakage after filing. There was, however, no difference between composite resin systems. 2. All composite resin systems showed marked increase in microleakage with a thermocycling (p<0.05), there was, however, no difference between composite resin systems. 3. Although there was no significant difference between groups (p=0.078), one-bottle and self-etching systems seemed to be unstable than multistep system. Within the limits of this study, it was concluded that much more consideration should be needed when using thermally unstable one-bottle and self-etching systems that have multi-advantages from simplified step. More studies will be needed to solve these kinds of problems.

• The Journal of Fisheries Business Administration
• /
• v.16 no.1
• /
• pp.31-54
• /
• 1985

The mutual credit of Fisheries Cooperatives is reciprocal financing bring overs and shorts to settlement themselves by filling each other's needs among feeble fishermen economically. The spread of mutual credit through Fisheries Cooperatives reduces private loan dependence and private loan interest rate at fishery village, and that fills up policy financing being restricted by working scale. And seeing movement side of Fisheries Cooperatives, it has done an under board to settle self-supporting foundation of primary fisheries cooperatives early. The mutual credit deposit shows about 53 times increase past an interval of a ten years. This increase rate is an epoch-making record being unparalleled in other banking facilities except Fisheries Cooperatives. Then being unparalleled increase rate, time and savings deposits increase has been contributed a great deal than demand deposits. Thinking important function factors as mutual credit growth, we can classify interior and exterior factors. The exterior factor is income of fishery household in some measure, interior factors are the high deposits interest rate and the enlargement of facilities organization. As these, they have been in a better factors, also have been a restriction factors. The restriction factors are conflict cancellation between mutual credit and them bring into existence a village vault, mutual savings and finance companies, private finance. For the sake of continuance growth rate in mutual credit as past, we should eliminate restricted factors in growth. On the other hand the better factors in growth should be act upon affirmation side continually. Consequently under circumstances not to an amicable settlement bring the fisheries fund demand as policy financing, we should do continuous and sound development of fisheries financing by means of putting in good order of fisheries cooperatives mutual credit. Surveying a problem from these viewpoints, when we study more deep and a full into a subject about growth project of mutual credit, we think to expect continuous growth in mutual credit of Fisheries Cooperatives.

• Composites Research
• /
• v.28 no.6
• /
• pp.340-347
• /
• 2015

As resin impregnates through the fiber preform in vacuum assisted resin transfer molding process, the volume of fibers is changed by expansion of fiber mat according to filling time. It causes not only the change in dimension but also the decrease of mechanical properties of the composite product. Moreover, it results in the economic loss by increase of the used amount of resin especially in the large product such as wind turbine blade. In this study, the ways to control fiber volume fraction were investigated by both the experimental and theoretical analyses on the expansion of fiber preform as the preform was impregnated by resin in the VARTM process. Two kinds of swelling stage were observed as flow front progressed, which was analyzed by comparing the experimental and simulation results. The process parameters are expected to be optimized by investigating the swelling behavior of fiber preform in the manufacturing process of the composite product.

• Journal of the Korean BIBLIA Society for library and Information Science
• /
• v.25 no.4
• /
• pp.351-359
• /
• 2014

The field of information science has been documented in several ways during its existence and in some ways has mirrored that of other scientific disciplines during the same period. This article examines variables related to author gender of information science articles in American Documentation (AD) during its entire run, 1950 through 1969. Published by the American Documentation Institute, AD was a primary information science journal of its time, changing its name in 1970 to the Journal of the American Society for Information Science (JASIS), corresponding with the change of the parent organization's name to the American Society for Information Science (1968). AD was preceded by an earlier "information science" publication, the Journal of Documentary Reproduction (JDR), 1938-1942, issued by the American Library Association. Studies indicate that females contributed about 8% for the entire run of articles in JDR (1938-1942) and about 22% for the first twenty-seven years of JASIS (1970-1996). The present study explores the nature of female contributions to AD for the middle period (1950-1969). It has been determined that for the entire run of the journal under the name AD, female authors comprised about 17% of the contributors, which places their publishing percentage for this period between the earlier and later periods, thus expectedly filling the gap.

• Proceedings of the Korean Geotechical Society Conference
• /
• 2002.10a
• /
• pp.303-310
• /
• 2002

Overbreak occurred inevitably in a tunnel excavation, Is the main factor for increasing cost and time in tunnel projects. Furthermore the damage to the remained rock mass related to the overbreak can give rise to a serious safety problem in tunnels. As a rule of thumb, causes for the overbreak are inaccuracy in drilling, the wrong design of blasting and selection of explosives, and heterogeneity in rock mass. Specially, the geological features of the rock mass around periphery of an excavation are very important factors, so a lot of researches have been conducted to describe these phenomena. But the quantitative geological classification of the rock mass for the overbreak and the method for decreasing the amount of the overbreak have not been established. Besides, the technical improvement of the charge method is requested as explosives for the smooth blasting have not functioned efficiently. In this study, the working face around periphery of an excavation has been continuously sectionalized to 5∼6 parts, and the new Blastability Index for the overbreak based on 6 factors of RMD(Rock Mass Description), UCS(Uniaxial Compressive Strength) JPS(Joint Plane Spacing), JPO(Joint Plane Orientation), JPA(Joint Plane Aperture) and FM(Filling Material) is proposed to classify sections of the working face. On the basis of this classification, the distance between contour holes and the charging density are determined to minimize the overbreak. For controlling the charging density and improving the function of explosives, the New Deck Charge(N.D.C) method utilizing the deck charge method and detonation transmission in hole has been developed.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
• /
• v.15 no.2
• /
• pp.153-160
• /
• 2015

The marble powder is a by-product that can be freely collected during the manufacturing process of marble, such as sawing, shaping, and polishing. Disposal of this waste powder is one of the environmental problems worldwide today. Therefore, this study investigated to solve this problem by consuming the waste marble powder in high fluidity concrete, as a pore filler. For this purpose, the waste marble powder was used as a binder replacing 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20% of cement in high fluidity concrete. After mixing, slump flow test, time-to-reach the slump flow of 500mm test, O-lot test and U-box test were conducted with fresh concrete. For the hardened concrete, compressive strength was determined at the age of 28 days. According to the test results, the workability of high fluidity concrete increased with the powder of 15% replacement, and the compressive strength of high fluidity concrete also increased with the same amount of powder.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
• /
• v.22 no.5
• /
• pp.111-118
• /
• 2017

The Legal Consciousness is a feeling or attitude toward the law from the people. Most Korean had a traditional consciousness that did not consider the law so friendly, also, the perception of law is also very negative is the common result of various investigations so far. This is caused by a distrust of the political power that operates the law than just distrust of law. Moreover, it is a serious problem that these negative attitudes are getting stronger over time. Especially when looking at the situation of the monopoly of government affairs in Park Geun-hye administration, the law was not a means of realizing social justice on the side of the socially weak, it has come to the fact that the law has been recognized as a tool of oppression by the ruling group, which seizes power in a fraudulent manner and accumulates economic wealth. It was a really ridiculous incident. In addition, not all citizens need to be experts in law, but the law is a bowl for society, and filling the bowl is a moral form or value of society in general. And since society has a peculiar law, and the modern state has the rule of law as its basic principle, most human acts have a direct relationship with law. In particular, it is true that the problem of the legal consciousness of college students is frequently mentioned today. Therefore, in this study, through the examine the contents of the legal consciousness of the K university female students in Gwangju and will consider the cause of this.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
• /
• v.44 no.6
• /
• pp.644-649
• /
• 2006

In this paper, the Cr(VI) adsorption behaviors of activated carbons (ACs) treated by various ozone treatment conditions were studied. The surface properties of the ACs studied were determined by pH, acid-base, and FT-IR measurements. $N_2$ adsorption isotherm characteristics at 77K were confirmed by BET equation, Boer's t-plot method, and Horvath-Kawazoe's slit pore model. Also, the total Cr adsorption amount onto the ACs was measured by ICP-AES. As a result, the ozone treatment led to an increase of oxygen-containing polar functional groups and total acidity as well. Meanwhile, the specific surface areas or micropore volumes were slightly decreased after the ozone treatment due to the micropore filling or blocking. Nevertheless, the total Cr adsorption of ACs was increased with increasing of the ozone treatment time, attributed to the good interaction between Cr ions and polar functional groups on the ACs.