• 한국식물병리학회지
• /
• 제10권2호
• /
• pp.99-104
• /
• 1994

A computer-based diagnosing system for diseases of grasses, ornamental plant and fruit trees was developed using a 16 bit personal computer (Model Acer 900) and BASIC was used as a programing language. the developed advisory system was named as Korean Plant Disease Advisory System (KOPDAS). The diagraming system files were composed of a system operation file and several database files. The knowledge-base files are composed of text files, code files and implement program files. The knowledge-base of text files are composed of 79 files of grasses diseases, 122 files of ornamental plant diseases and 67 files of fruit tree diseases. The information of each text file include disease names, causal agents, diseased parts, symptoms, morphological characteristics of causal organisms and control methods for the diagnosing of crop diseases.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
• /
• 제43권1호
• /
• pp.10.1-10.8
• /
• 2018

Objectives: To examine the surface topography of intact WaveOne (WO; Dentsply Sirona Endodontics) and WaveOne Gold (WOG; Dentsply Sirona Endodontics) nickel-titanium rotary files and to evaluate the presence of alterations to the surface topography after root canal preparations of severely curved root canals in molar teeth. Materials and Methods: Forty-eight severely curved canals of extracted molar teeth were divided into 2 groups (n = 24/each group). In group 1, the canals were prepared using WO and in group 2, the canals were prepared using WOG files. After the preparation of 3 root canals, instruments were subjected to atomic force microscopy analysis. Average roughness and root mean square values were chosen to investigate the surface features of endodontic files. The data was analyzed using one-way analysis of variance and post hoc Tamhane's tests at 5% significant level. Results: The surface roughness values of WO and WOG files significantly changed after use in root canals (p < 0.05). The used WOG files exhibited higher surface roughness change when compared with the used WO files (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Using WO and WOG Primary files in 3 root canals affected the surface topography of the files. After being used in root canals, the WOG files showed a higher level of surface porosity value than the WO files.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
• /
• 제44권2호
• /
• pp.19.1-19.9
• /
• 2019

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the cyclic fatigue, bending resistance, and surface roughness of EdgeEvolve (EdgeEndo) and ProTaper Gold (Dentsply Tulsa Dental Specialties) nickel-titanium (NiTi) rotary files. Materials and Methods: The instruments (n = 15/each) were tested for cyclic fatigue in single- ($60^{\circ}$ curvature, 5-mm radius) and double-curved (coronal curvature $60^{\circ}$, 5-mm radius, and apical curvature of $30^{\circ}$ and 2-mm radius) artificial canals. The number of cycles to fracture was calculated. The bending resistance of both files were tested using a universal testing machine where the files were bent until reach $45^{\circ}$. Scanning electron microscopy and x-ray energy-dispersive spectrometric analysis were used for imaging the fractured segments, while the atomic force microscope was used to quantify the surface roughness average (Ra). Results: EdgeEvolve files exhibited higher cyclic fatigue resistance than ProTaper Gold files in single- and double-curved canals (p < 0.05) and both files were more resistant to cyclic fatigue in single-curved canals than double-curved canals (p < 0.05). EdgeEvolve files exhibited significantly more flexibility than did ProTaper Gold files (p < 0.05). Both files had approximately similar Ni and Ti contents (p > 0.05). EdgeEvolve files showed significantly lower Ra values than ProTaper Gold files (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Within the limitation of this study, EdgeEvolve files exhibited significantly higher cyclic fatigue resistance than ProTaper Gold files in both single- and double-curved canals.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
• /
• 제22권1호
• /
• pp.291-304
• /
• 1997

The purposes of this study were to evaluate the changes in root canal configuration with canal instrumentation using different file types and techniques and to investigate most appropriate instrumentation technique in maintaining the original canal configuration with different file types. Fifty curved mesiobuccal or distobuccal canals of extracted human maxillary molar teeth were instrumented using a step-back technique with stainless steel K-files or nickel-titanium K-files, a crown-down pressureless technique with stainless steel K-files or nickel-titanium K-files and nickel-titanium engine-driven files. Radiographs were taken before and after instrumentation using a specially designed device that allowed for the pre-and postinstrumentation canals to be taken with the same X-ray angulation. Magnified X-ray images on a magnifier screen were traced and post instrumentation canal images were compared with the preinstrumentation ones. Changes in canal curvature and the incidence of procedural accidents were analyzed. The results were as follows : Crown-down pressureless technique with nickel-titanium K-files and nickel-titanium engine-driven filing produced no significant changes in canal curvature (p>0.05), while the step-back technique with stainless steel K-files or nickel-titanium K-files (p<0.01) and the crown-down pressureless technique with stainless steel K-files (p<0.05) produced significant changes. With nickel-titanium K-file, crown-down pressureless technique produced significantly less changes in canal curvature than step-back technique (p<0.05), while there was no significant difference between techniques with stainless steel K-files (p>0.05). File types exerted no significant influences in the changes of canal curvature both in the step-back technique and crown-down pressureless technique (0>0.05). Regardless of the file types used, step-back technique produced more procedural accidents such as ledge or elbow formation, apical zipping and apical transportation than the crowndown pressureless technique and nickel-titanium engine-driven filing. Both with stainless steel K-files and with nickel-titanium K-files, the incidence of apical extrusion of canal debris was higher in step-back technique than in crown-down pressureless technique.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
• /
• 제41권1호
• /
• pp.6-11
• /
• 2016

Objectives: The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the accuracy of working length (WL) determination of four electronic apex locators (EALs), namely, Root ZX (RZX), Elements diagnostic unit and apex locator (ELE), SybronEndo Mini Apex locator (MINI) and Propex pixi (PIXI) using Stainless steel (SS) and nickel-titanium (NiTi) hand files. The null hypothesis was that there was no difference between canal length determination by SS and NiTi files of 4 EALs. Materials and Methods: Sixty extracted, single rooted human teeth were decoronated and the canal orifice flared. The actual length (AL) was assessed visually, and the teeth were embedded in an alginate model. The electronic length (EL) measurements were recorded with all four EALs using SS and NiTi files at '0.5' reading on display. The differences between the AL and EL were compared. Results: The results obtained with each EAL with SS and NiTi files were compared with AL. A paired sample t test showed that there was a statistical significant difference between EAL readings with SS and NiTi files for RZX and MINI (p < 0.05). The accuracy of RZX, ELE, MINI and PIXI within ${\pm}0.5 mm$ of AL with SS/NiTi files were 93.3%/70%, 90%/91.7%, 95%/68.3%, and 83.3%/83.3%, respectively. Conclusions: The results of this study indicate that Root ZX was statistically more accurate with NiTi files compared to SS files, while MINI was statistically more accurate with SS files compared to NiTi files. ELE and PIXI were not affected by the alloy type of the file used to determine WL.

• 한국전자통신학회논문지
• /
• 제10권10호
• /
• pp.1115-1122
• /
• 2015

하둡 프레임워크는 매우 큰 크기의 파일을 처리하기에 적합하도록 설계되었다. 반면 작은 크기의 파일을 처리할 경우, 분산 시스템의 자원 낭비와 분석 성능 저하가 발생하며 이는 작은 파일의 개수가 많을수록 현저하게 나타난다. 이 문제는 파일의 크기가 작기 때문에 발생하므로, 연관성 있는 작은 파일들의 병합을 통해 해결할 수 있다. 그러나 기존의 작은 파일 병합 방법들은 부차적인 한계점을 지니고 있다. 따라서 본 연구는 기존의 병합 방법의 문제점에 대하여 살펴보고, 작은 파일들의 효율적 처리를 위한 병합 방법을 설계하였다.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
• /
• 제24권5호
• /
• pp.191-197
• /
• 2024

Software reuse gives the meaning for rapid software development and the quality of the software. Most of the Java components/libraries open-source are available only in Java Archive (JAR) file format. When a software design enters into the development process, the developer needs to select necessary JAR files manually via analyzing the given software architecture and related JAR files. This paper proposes an automated approach, JarBot, to suggest all the necessary JAR files for given software architecture in the development process. All related JAR files will be downloaded from the internet based on the extracted information from the given software architecture (class diagram). Class names, method names, and attribute names will be extracted from the downloaded JAR files and matched with the information extracted from the given software architecture to identify the most relevant JAR files. For the result and evaluation of the proposed system, 05 software design was developed for 05 well-completed software project from GitHub. The proposed system suggested more than 95% of the JAR files among expected JAR files for the given 05 software design. The result indicated that the proposed system is suggesting almost all the necessary JAR files.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
• /
• 제44권2호
• /
• pp.22.1-22.8
• /
• 2019

Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of glide path preparation with PathFile and ProGlider nickel-titanium (NiTi) files on the cyclic fatigue resistance of WaveOne NiTi files. Materials and Methods: Forty-four WaveOne Primary files were used and divided into four groups (n = 11). In the first group (0 WaveOne), the WaveOne Primary files served as a control group and were not used on acrylic blocks. In the 1 WaveOne Group, acrylic blocks were prepared using only WaveOne Primary files, and in the PF+WaveOne group and PG+WaveOne groups, acrylic blocks were first prepared with PathFile or ProGlider NiTi files, respectively, followed by the use of WaveOne Primary files. All the WaveOne Primary files were then subjected to cyclic fatigue testing. The number of cycles to failure was calculated and the data were statistically analyzed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the Tukey honest significant difference multiple-comparison test at a 5% significance level. Results: The highest number of cycles to failure was found in the control group, and the lowest numbers were found in the 1 WaveOne group and the PF+WaveOne group. Significant differences were found among the 1 WaveOne, PF+WaveOne, and control groups (p < 0.05). No statistically significant differences were found between the PG+WaveOne group and the other three groups (p > 0.05). Conclusion: Glide path preparation with NiTi rotary files did not affect the cyclic fatigue resistance of WaveOne Primary files used on acrylic blocks.

• 한국정보처리학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국정보처리학회 2018년도 추계학술발표대회
• /
• pp.39-42
• /
• 2018

Log analysis and monitoring have a significant importance in most of the systems. Log management has core importance in applications like distributed applications, cloud based applications, and applications designed for big data. These applications produce a large number of log files which contain essential information. This information can be used for log analytics to understand the relevant patterns from varying log data. However, they need some tools for the purpose of parsing, storing, and visualizing log informations. "Elasticsearch, Logstash, and Kibana"(ELK Stack) is one of the most popular analyzing tools for log management. For the ingestion of log files configuration files have a key importance, as they cover all the services needed to input, process, and output the log files. However, creating configuration files is sometimes very complicated and time consuming in many applications as it requires domain expertise and manual creation. In this paper, an auto configuration module for Logstash is proposed which aims to auto generate the configuration files for Logstash. The primary purpose of this paper is to provide a mechanism, which can be used to auto generate the configuration files for corresponding log files in less time. The proposed module aims to provide an overall efficiency in the log management system.

• 정보학연구
• /
• 제12권2호
• /
• pp.49-55
• /
• 2009

Currently the Web, multiple files in the Client to upload to the server of the multi-upload method, files are stored in specific folders on the server, the file name field in DB(Database Field) stored in a way that the process has been widely utilized. Therefore, a minimum number of file upload as many file names in the Database and the Table should be created in the field, but also a variable number of files can be uploaded has no limits. In this paper we proposed the new method that files to be uploaded to the server, you can upload a limited number of files, nor due to upload files to reduce load on the database to improve the processing speed of a single field using a multi-method file uploads using PHP directly implemented