• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Broadcast Engineers Conference
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• 2015.11a
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• pp.94-97
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• 2015

이동 방송 매체인 라디오에서는 주로 청취자가 차량 운전자이다 보니 서비스 권역을 이동할 경우나 음영지역에 위치할 경우 동일한 방송을 제공하는 다른 채널로 연계하는 서비스인 service following 기능에 대한 기술적인 지원이 요구되고 있다. 본 논문은 디지털라디오 방송에서 청취중인 프로그램의 상태가 양호하지 않을 경우 인접 또는 유사 채널로 자동으로 이동하여 서비스 수신을 지속할 수 있는 service following 에 대해서 기술적인 특징을 살펴보고 앙상블 다중화기에서 이를 지원하기 위한 FIG 시그널링 방법에 대해 소개하고자 한다.

• The Korean journal of helicobacter and upper gastrointestinal research
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.275-276
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• 2018

42세 여자가 갑작스러운 복통으로 소화기내과 외래를 방문하였다. 환자는 당일 건강검진 대장내시경이 예정되어 있었으며 전날 밤 장정결제인 피코라이트 산(sodium picosulfate hydrate 10 mg, magnesium oxide 3.5 g, citric acid 12 g; Pharmbio Korea Inc., Seoul, Korea)을 물에 녹이지 않고 그냥 복용한 후부터 증상이 발생하였다. 신체 검사에서 복부는 부드러웠으며 압통은 없었다. 즉시 시행한 상부위장관 내시경 검사에서 황색의 두터운 가피가 덮여 있는 다발성 병변이 위체부 대만 및 저부에서 관찰되었다(Fig. 1A). 가피는 생검 겸자를 이용해 쉽게 벗겨졌으며(Fig. 1B), 가피를 제거한 후 급성 출혈성 미란 병변들이 확인되었다(Fig. 1C). 이 환자에서 관찰된 위병변의 진단은 무엇인가?

• Journal of Practical Agriculture & Fisheries Research
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.17-24
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• 2013

The purpose of this study is to analyze the performance of the fig farms based on the survey data. The survey of 12 farms was conducted during the period from August to September. The result shows that the productivities of land and the productivities of labor of the developed nutriculture farms are higher than those from traditional conventional culture farms and nutriculture farms. Incomes of the developed nutriculture farms are also higher.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.41 no.5
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• pp.513-520
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• 1994

Background: The pathogenesis of silicosis has been focused on the interaction between alveolar macrophages and silica particle. Although fibrosis in silicosis has been studied extensively, the mechanism is still not fully understood. There is increasing evidence that monokines and arachidonic acid metabolites macrophage are involved in pathogenesis of silicosis. Recently, it was reported that prostaglandin E2 produced from macrophage counteracts the stimulatory effects of other monokines on fibroblast proliferation or collagen production. Until now, it was remained uncertain by which mechanism silica particle may activate alveolar macrophage to an enhanced release of prostaglandin E2. Methods: In order to investigate the relationship between the activity of alveolar macrophage and the production of $PGE_2$ from activated alveolar macrophage, the authors measured hydrogen peroxide and $PGE_2$ from alveolar macrophages activated by silica in vitro and from alveolar macrophages in the silicotic nodules from rat. Experimental silicosis was induced by intratracheal infusion of silica($SiO_2$) suspended in saline(50 mg/ml) in Sprague-Dawley rats. Results: produced by 1) The silicotic nodules with fibrosis were seen from the sections of rat lung at 60 days after intratracheal injection with 50 mg aqueous suspension of silica(Fig. 1). 2) In vitro, silica caused the dose dependent increase of hydrogen peroxide(p<0.05, Fig. 2A) and $PGE_2$(p>0.05, Fig. 2B) release from alveolar macrophages. Alveolar macrophages from rat with silicotic nodules released more hydrogen peroxide and $PGE_2$ than those of control group(p<0.05, Fig. 3). Conclusion: These results suggest that silica particle could activate macrophage directly and enhanced the release of $PGE_2$ and hydrogen peroxide from the alveolar macrophage.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.799-806
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• 2012

This experiment was conducted to establish the optimum conditions for high $CO_2$ gas treatment in combination with a proper gas-permeable packaging film to maintain the quality of fig fruit (Ficus carica L). Among the fig fruits with different high $CO_2$ treatments, the quality change was most effectively controlled during storage in the 70%-$CO_2$-treated fig fruit. Harvested fig fruit was packaged using microperforated oriented polypropylene (MP) film to maintain the optimum gas concentrations in the headspace of packaging for the modified-atmosphere system. MP film had an oxygen transmission rate of about $10,295cm^3/m^2$/day/atm at $25^{\circ}C$. The weight loss, firmness, soluble-solid content (SSC), acidity (pH), skin color (Hunter L, a, b), and decay ratio of the fig fruits were monitored during storage at 5 and $25^{\circ}C$. The results of this study showed that the OPP film, OPP film + 70% $CO_2$, and MP film+70% $CO_2$ were highly effective in reducing the loss rate, firmness and decay occurrence rate of fig fruits that were packaged with them during storage. In the case of using treatments with packages of OPP film and OPP film+70% $CO_2$, however, adverse effects like package bursting or physiological injury of the fig may occur due to the gas pressure or long exposure to $CO_2$. Therefore, the results indicated that MP film containing 70% $CO_2$ can be used as an effective treatment to extend the freshness of fig fruits for storage at a proper low temperature.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.15-20
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• 1976

This is the abstract of the study on the check by static driving nail in Pinus koraiensis Sieb. et Zucc., Abies holophylla Maximowicz, and Larix leptolepis Gordon Pinet. which are commercial woods and main forestation species in Korea. The static driving resistance of nail is decresed straightly and the surface and back check's length and width were increased in proportion to increase of the moisture content, but the surface check length and width were over twice as large as the back check, also the check were happened in order of Pinus koraiensis Sieb. et Zucc., Abies holophylla Maximowicz., and Larix leptolepis Gordon Pinet. As the driving nail speed was increased, surface check length and width were increased and the back check was over twice as large as the surface check.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.821-832
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• 2002

The purpose of this study was to develop grading method of the basic brassiere patterns therewith, provide for 12 size's brassiere patterns and prove fitness of their's and shape. The collected data were statistically processed using the SAS 6.12 for Means, Standard Deviation, etc. The results of this study can be summarized as follows; 1. The basic sizes adopted at the first design stage (see fig.1-2) were 75AA, 75A and 75B each of which was designed as upper foundation basic pattern in reference to the cup size. At the second stage, each of the upper body foundation basic pattern was used to design lower cup, upper up, front panel and wing in their order(see fig.3-6). At the third stage, the other sizes were graded in reference to the three brassiere patterns (75AA, 75A and 75B) to produce 12 brassiere sizes(see Tab. 7-8). In order to develop the basic patterns of adult women's brassieres, 33 women were selected per 11 size combination(3 women per size combination), and then, their brassiere fitting was teated. As a result, the fronts of the basic patterns were found to have such problems as undone front center, poor levelling of upper cup's bottom line or lower cup's top line, poor shape of upper cup's outside top line and shoulder strip position. On the other hand, on the rear side of the basic patterns, the central part of the wing was slightly lifted, while the wing width and straps'interval did not befit the ful1-cup brassiere. The result of this first brassiere fitting test showed that the functionality and aesthetics of the basic pattern brassieres were more or less satisfactory, and thus, the problems were addressed for the second teat. In the second test, the aesthetics, breast-shaping effect and functionality of the basic pattern brassieres were much improved. 2. We were to present the final brassiere sizing system to extend the interior length of breast and the exterior length of breast on the basis of fitting test. Thereby, 75B$.$80A$.$80B$.$85A$.$85B's the interior lengths of breast were enlarged to 0.7cm, the rest size was enlarged to 0.5cm and the exterior length of breast was enlarged to 0.5cm regardless of sizes. 3. The upper foundation basic patterns of 75AA and 75B were presented and and the basic brassiere pattern and grading pattern were presented through to.

• 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2008.10a
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• pp.993-994
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• 2008

Electrochromic (EC) devices are capable of reversibly changing their optical properties upon charge injection and extraction induced by the external voltage. The characteristics of the EC device, such as low power consumption, high coloration efficiency, and memory effects under open circuit status, make them suitable for use in a variety of applications including smart windows and electronic papers. Coloration due to reduction or oxidation of redox chromophores can be used for EC devices (e-paper), but the switching time is slow (second level). Recently, with increasing demand for the low cost, lightweight flat panel display with paper-like readability (electronic paper), an EC display technology based on dye-modified $TiO_2$ nanoparticle electrode was developed. A well known organic dye molecule, viologen, was adsorbed on the surface of a mesoporous $TiO_2$ nanoparticle film to form the EC electrode. On the other hand, ZnO is a wide bandgap II-VI semiconductor which has been applied in many fields such as UV lasers, field effect transistors and transparent conductors. The bandgap of the bulk ZnO is about 3.37 eV, which is close to that of the $TiO_2$ (3.4 eV). As a traditional transparent conductor, ZnO has excellent electron transport properties, even in ZnO nanoparticle films. In the past few years, one-dimension (1D) nanostructures of ZnO have attracted extensive research interest. In particular, 1D ZnO nanowires renders much better electron transportation capability by providing a direct conduction path for electron transport and greatly reducing the number of grain boundaries. These unique advantages make ZnO nanowires a promising matrix electrode for EC dye molecule loading. ZnO nanowires grow vertically from the substrate and form a dense array (Fig. 1). The ZnO nanowires show regular hexagonal cross section and the average diameter of the ZnO nanowires is about 100 nm. The cross-section image of the ZnO nanowires array (Fig. 1) indicates that the length of the ZnO nanowires is about $6\;{\mu}m$. From one on/off cycle of the ZnO EC cell (Fig. 2). We can see that, the switching time of a ZnO nanowire electrode EC cell with an active area of $1\;{\times}\;1\;cm^2$ is 170 ms and 142 ms for coloration and bleaching, respectively. The coloration and bleaching time is faster compared to the $TiO_2$ mesoporous EC devices with both coloration and bleaching time of about 250 ms for a device with an active area of $2.5\;cm^2$. With further optimization, it is possible that the response time can reach ten(s) of millisecond, i.e. capable of displaying video. Fig. 3 shows a prototype with two different transmittance states. It can be seen that good contrast was obtained. The retention was at least a few hours for these prototypes. Being an oxide, ZnO is oxidation resistant, i.e. it is more durable for field emission cathode. ZnO nanotetropods were also applied to realize the first prototype triode field emission device, making use of scattered surface-conduction electrons for field emission (Fig. 4). The device has a high efficiency (field emitted electron to total electron ratio) of about 60%. With this high efficiency, we were able to fabricate some prototype displays (Fig. 5 showing some alphanumerical symbols). ZnO tetrapods have four legs, which guarantees that there is one leg always pointing upward, even using screen printing method to fabricate the cathode.

• Research in Plant Disease
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.107-111
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• 2008

For the eco-friendly control of fruit rot of fig, disease incidences according to the cultural practices at 51 fig orchards in south coast area of Korea were surveyed in 2002, and the effect of soil mulch and potassium phosphonate on fruit rot of fig was evaluated from 2002 to 2004. Diseased fruits of fig orchards of open field, rain shading, and vinyl house were 33.3%, 7.5%, and 0%, respectively. Diseased fruits were rated at 34.6%, 35.7%, and 27% as the tree spacing of $2m{\times}2m,\;2m{\times}3m,\;and\;3m{\times}4m$, respectively. Among the soil mulching materials, barley straw showed disease incidence of 1.8% and 3.5% of diseased fruits compared to 42.1% and 48% of no mulching in 2002 and 2003, respectively. Diseased fruits in dark paper film mulching were recorded at 4.8% and 12% in 2002 and 2003, respectively, which were lower than those in dark polyethylene film mulching at 11.2% and 26.2%. When potassium phosphonate(1,000 ppm) was sprayed 3 times with 10 days intervals from the beginning of disease occurrence, disease incidences were rated at 3.0% and 2.0% in 2003 and 2004, respectively, which were much lower than those of control at 45.9 % and 39.3%.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Coastal and Ocean Engineers Conference
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• 1995.10a
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• pp.9-12
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• 1995

The Korea Strait becomes deeper than 200 m from south to north in general except coastal area, whereas its southern part is shallower than 125 m except for a deep trough (Fig.1). The flow in the Korea Strait could be simplified as two layers (Isobe, 1995)； the Tsushima Warm Water in the upper layer and the Korea Strait Bottom Cold Water (KSBCW) in the lower layer (Fig.2). (omitted)