• Asian Journal of Atmospheric Environment
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.115-125
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• 2014

In this study, particle composition data for $PM_{10}$ samples were collected every 3 days at Seoul, Korea from August 2006 to November 2007, and were analyzed to provide source identification and apportionment. A total of 164 samples were collected and 21 species (15 inorganic species, 4 ionic species, OC, and EC) were analyzed by particle-induced x-ray emission, ion chromatography, and thermal optical transmittance methods. Positive matrix factorization (PMF) was used to develop source profiles and to estimate their mass contributions. The PMF modeling identified nine sources and the average mass was apportioned to secondary nitrate (9.3%), motor vehicle (16.6%), road salt (5.8%), industry (4.9%), airborne soil (17.2 %), aged sea salt (6.2%), field burning (6.0%), secondary sulfate (16.2%), and road dust (17.7%), respectively. The nonparametric regression (NPR) analysis was used to help identify local source in the vicinity of the sampling area. These results suggest the possible strategy to maintain and manage the ambient air quality of Seoul.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.1235-1246
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• 2011

The purpose of this study lies in identifying the psychological state of working women engaged in sales and services and seeing how it is correlated to their nail management behavior. Also, the study aims to look into the relationship that exists between these two factors and provide information to help women live and work better with higher self-satisfaction. As for the research process, 210 women aged 20 to 30 engaging in sales and services of clothing, financing, and cosmetics sales were asked to fill out questionnaires. Survey results indicate that women who received college education and beyond as well as those working in the cosmetics sales area were exceptional in their psychological wellbeing. In addition, women with higher income, especially those who work in the cosmetics sales field and are not yet married participated in nail management behavior with the most enthusiasm. Therefore as for the relationship between psychological wellbeing and nail management behavior, it can be said that the better one's psychological wellbeing is, the more one is likely to strive for uniqueness in managing nails.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.42 no.6
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• pp.329-334
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• 2012

Objectives: To determine the prevalence of incidental maxillary sinus findings in a large sample of orthodontic patients by cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) with a wide field of view and assess the relationships of such abnormalities with age and gender. Methods: Five hundred thirteen CBCT scans obtained for orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning in a Northern Italian population (N = 513; 292 female and 221 male subjects; 1,026 maxillary sinuses) were studied. The frequencies of pseudocysts and mucosal thickening of the maxillary sinus were recorded. Logistic regression analysis was used to determine the influence of age and gender on these abnormalities. Results: Pseudocysts were detected in 52 patients (10.1%) and 59 sinuses (5.75%). Mucosal thickening was observed in 206 patients (40.1%) and 258 sinuses (25.1%). Gender and age were significantly associated with pseudocysts (p = 0.027) and mucosal thickening (p < 0.001), respectively. Conclusions: Half of the orthodontic patients had incidental maxillary sinus findings. Men were more likely to show pseudocysts, and older patients (aged 41 - 60 years) were more likely to show mucosal thickening.

• Journal of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.91-107
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• 1999

We present BVRI CCD photometry and near-infrared K photometry of the intermediate-aged open cluster NGC 7790. The reddening, E(B - V) = 0.54 $\pm$ 0.05 and the distance modulus, (m - M)o = 12.45 $\pm$ 0.10 for the cluster were determined by zero-age-main-sequence fitting and theoretical isochrone fitting using not only (V, B - V), (V, V - 1), (V, V - R) but also (V, V - K) color-magnitude diagrams. The reddening corresponded approximately to the average value derived from previous studies, while the distance modulus was found to be almost midway between the CCD photometric results of Romeo et al. (1989) and those of Mateo & Madore (1988). We have used four colors to distinguish members from field stars. The expected colors were calculated using the derived distance modulus, and were then were compared with the observed colors (B - V), (V - 1), (V - R), and (V - K). Thus, a color excess E(B - V) for each star was determined which could give the minimum difference between the calculated and observed colors. Single and binary members of the cluster were determined on the basis of the E(B - V) distribution of stars.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Orthopedic Manual Physical Therapy
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.9-14
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• 2011

Background: The purpose of our experimental study, we want to know a correlation study using the sonogram between the muscle strength and the diameter of Biceps brachii muscle by gender. So we set to hypothesis that Biceps brachii contracted maximally would be a diameter of the muscles increased according to the muscle strength will be increased. Methods: In this study, we measured the muscle strength of biceps brachii on contracting its maximum using the Biodex and the diameter of the muscles using Myo-Lab (25Gold). We experimented 30 subjects of twenty-aged men and women. The subjects is comprised of a persons who has not external injuries and pain of elbow joint, no mobility limitation of ROM, no experiences of surgery in past history. Result: We found that the men have a highly correlation between maximum strength and the diameter of the muscles more than women (p<.05). Conclusion: The results of our experimental study between the muscle diameter and the muscle strength to biceps brachii on relaxation and contraction is a statistically significant relation (r=.394), especially in rather men then women (p<.05). So this results would be based data for further clinical muscle efficiency application in physical therapy field.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.1010-1017
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• 2012

This study examined the clothing wearing comfort of elderly women by electroencephalogram (EEG) and electrocardiogram (ECG) analyses. This study utilized 7 elderly individuals aged 65 or more. Two kinds of clothing ensemble (control and prototype) were used as experimental clothing. The control consisted of a general clothing ensemble and the prototype consisted of clothing that added an extra gap. Subjects wore the control or prototype from 9:00 to 21:30 and EEG and ECG signals were measured in the last 30 minutes. The EEG analysis showed that relative band power of a and ${\alpha}$/high ${\beta}$ were higher when they wore the prototype rather than the control. The ECG analysis showed that absolute band power of HF was higher; however, absolute band power of LF and LF/HF was lower when they wore the prototype rather than the control. Subjects felt less stressful and more comfortable when they wore the prototype. The results demonstrate the necessity to develop clothing in consideration of the body changes in elderly women. It is significant that the assessment of wearing comfort was aided by the use of EEG and ECG analysis in the field of clothing and textiles.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.270-276
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• 2003

Methodology was suggested to analyze breast volume, base area of breast bulk. and surface area of breast using the 3D measurement system. Thirty-seven middle-aged (30s-40s) women wearing 80A brassiere were participated in this study. Image of the upper body was captured by Phase-shifting moire. The posture of the subject was adjusted to get the full image of the right breast. Rapidform 2001 was used for the analysis of the images. The mean breast volume was 547.0㎤ and mean base area of breast bulk was 235. I$\textrm{cm}^2$ It was also found that the volume(r=0.169) and surface area of breast(r=10.242) were loosely correlated with the circumference difference between top and under breast. Therefore, it is noted that current selection criterion of cup size based on the difference in the two kinds of breast circumference is inadequate. The result of this study is expected to contribute to the design of ergonomic brassiere as well as surgical operations in the medical field.

• Asian Journal of Atmospheric Environment
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.114-123
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• 2016

A change in chemical compositions of Asian dust (AD) particles can dramatically alter their optical properties, cloud-forming properties, and health effects. The present study was undertaken to evaluate this aging of AD particles by means of two complementary methods (i.e., the traditional spot test and the most advanced micro-PIXE analytical technique) for single particle analysis. Size-classified particles were sampled at the rural peninsula of Korea (Byunsan, 35.37N; 126.27E) during AD event and non-AD period in 2004. Sulfate was principally enriched on the particles in the size range of $7.65-10.85{\mu}m$ collected during AD event. The average number fraction of coarse particles ($>2.05{\mu}m$) containing chloride was 16.2% during AD event. Relatively low particles containing nitrate compared to those containing sulfate and chloride were found in AD event. Micro-PIXE elemental maps indicated that a large number of AD particles were internally mixed with man-made zinc. The highest peaks of EC and OC concentrations were appeared at $0.01-0.43{\mu}m$ particle aerodynamic diameter. High EC concentration in $PM_1$ was might be caused by the Saemangeum Seawall Project that was being conducted during our field measurement.

• Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Materials
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.239-251
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• 2016

The potential of nanocomposites have been drawing the intention of the researchers from energy storage to electrical insulation applications. Nanocomposites are known to improve dielectric properties, such as the increase in dielectric breakdown strength, suppressing the partial discharge (PD) as well as space charge, and prolonging the treeing, etc. In this review, different theories have been established to explain the reactions at the interaction zone of polymer matrix and nanofiller; the characterization methods of nanocomposites are also presented. Furthermore, the remarkable findings in the fields of epoxy, cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE), polypropylene and polyvinyl chloride (PVC) nanocomposites are reviewed. In this study, it was observed that there is lack of comparison between results of lab scale specimens and actual field aged cables. Also, non-standardization of the preparation methods and processing parameters lead to changes in the polymer structure and its surface degradation. However, on the positive side, recent attempt of 250 kV XLPE nanocomposite HVDC cables in service may deliver a promising performance in the coming years. Moreover, materials such as self-healing polymer nanocomposites may emerge as substitutes to traditional insulations.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Military Science and Technology
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• v.12 no.6
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• pp.719-726
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• 2009

A delay system in fuze for high explosive shell is an important safety device, but failure in the delay system usually causes failure of the shell. Root-cause analysis of failure in the delay system is required since failure in over 10-years stored delay system recently occurs. In this paper, failure in the delay system was reproduced experimentally to examine aged characteristics of the delay system, and the failed delay system shows the same characteristics as ones of failed delay systems in field. Based on the reproduced experiments, accelerated life testings and the data analysis of failure times of delay systems were performed to predict the storage lifetime.