• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제49권6호
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• pp.760-767
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• 2016

Food waste (FW) has been recognized as a critical problem in Korea and many research was conducted to efficiently utilize or treat FW. Main purpose of this research was to evaluate a feasibility for producing fermented organic fertilizer with vegetable waste (VW). Three different organic materials (saw dust, coco peat, and waste mushroom media) were mixed with VW at the rate of 30, 40, 50% respectively. Total days of composting experiment were 35 days and each sub samples were collected at every 5 days from starting of composting. Result showed that inner temperature of composting was increased to $60{\pm}4^{\circ}C$ within 5~10 days depending on varied organic materials and mixing ratio. Among different treatment, the highest increase of inner temperature was observed when 30% of saw dust was mixed with VW. After finishing composting experiment, maturity of each compost was evaluated with solvita and germination test. Maturity index (MI) of each treatment was ranged between 5~7 indicating that manufactured fertilizer was curing or finished stage. Calculated germination index (GI) was at the range of 57.83~101.16 depending on organic materials and mixing ratio. Both MI and GI showed that manufactured fertilizer was met for fertilizer criteria while control (VW only) was not adequate for composting. Overall, VW can be utilized for making organic fertilizer mixing with saw dust, coco peat and more research should be conducted to make high quality of organic fertilizer with vegetable waste.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제50권6호
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• pp.588-597
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• 2017

Food waste has been recognized as a critical problem in Korea and many research was conducted to efficiently reutilize or treat food waste. Main purpose of this research was to evaluate a feasibility for producing fermented organic fertilizer with mixture of earthworm cast (EC). Four different treatments were mixed with food waste and EC at the rate of 0, 10, 20, and 30%, respectively. Total days of composting experiment were 84 days and each sub samples were collected at every 7 days from starting of composting. Results showed that inner temperature in composting was increased to $70{\pm}4^{\circ}C$ within 5~10 days depending on mixing ratio of EC. Among different treatment, the highest increase of inner temperature was observed in treatment mixed with food waste and EC 30%. After finishing composting experiment, maturity was evaluated with solvita and germination test. Maturity index (MI) of each treatment was ranged between 5~7 indicating that manufactured fertilizer was curing or finished stage. Calculated germination index (GI) was at the range of 104~116 depending on mixing ratio of EC. Both MI and GI showed that manufactured fertilizer was suitable for fertilizer criteria while control (FW only) was not adequate for composting. Overall, earthworm cast can be utilized for improving compost maturity by mixing with food waste and more research should be conducted to make high quality of food waste compost with earthworm cast in agricultural fields.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제43권5호
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• pp.644-649
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• 2010

우리나라 퇴비생산시설에서 생산되는 퇴비 약 1,900점을 분석한 자료를 바탕으로 퇴비 원료의 종류에 따라 유통제품의 성분에 어떤 영향이 있는지를 비교 평가하였다. 유기물함량은 돈분퇴비 40.78%, 혼합퇴비 39.97%, 우분퇴비 39.68%, 계분퇴비 39.11%로 원료의 종류에 따른 차이가 거의 없었다. 이는 수분조절제로 사용되는 톱밥의 혼합이 원인으로 판단된다. 유기물대질소비의 경우에는 돈분퇴비가 31.22로 가장 높게 분석되었고 우분퇴비는 27.60, 혼합퇴비는 27.4로 거의 유사한 수준을 보였으며, 계분퇴비는 25.13으로 가장 낮은 결과를 보였다. 이 같은 결과는 부재료인 톱밥의 혼합량과 원료자체에 함유된 질소의 함량 차이에 기인한 것으로 판단된다. 염분의 경우 우분퇴비가 0.61%로 가장 높고 계분퇴비가 0.52%, 혼합퇴비가 0.51로 비슷한 수준이었고, 돈분의 경우는 0.45%로서 가장 적었다. 중금속의 경우 비소, 카드뮴, 수은, 납, 크롬, 니켈의 함량은 통계처리시 유의성 있는 차이가 발견되지 않았다. 구리함량은 돈분퇴비 117.00 mg $kg^{-1}$, 혼합퇴비 77.74 mg $kg^{-1}$, 계분퇴비 57.39 mg $kg^{-1}$, 우분퇴비 55.35 mg $kg^{-1}$으로서 돈분에 가장 많은 양이 함유된것으로 분석되었다. 아연은 돈분퇴비 346.34 mg $kg^{-1}$, 혼합퇴비 234.43 mg$kg^{-1}$, 계분퇴비 217.44 mg $kg^{-1}$, 우분퇴비 209.91 mg $kg^{-1}$으로서 비교적 구리의 함량 분포와 같은 경향을 보였다. 우리나라에서 유통되는 퇴비 품질현황에 대한 연구 자료의 축적은 퇴비의 품질관리 방향을 설정하는데 중요한 자료가 될 것으로 사료된다.

• 아시안잔디학회지
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.77-83
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• 1990

The effect of bio-fertilizer, which was manufactured poultry manure, on the fall performance of Korean lawngrass was determined on a clay loam soil. Plant length was characterized by increasing the amount of bio-fertilizer applied. This trend was also true in dry matter yield of tops during the experimental period from August 31 through October 30. Both tiller numbers and stolon length steadily increased with increasing amount of bio-fertilizer applied, and 40m/t application of bio-fertilizer was found to be most effective on both components. performance shown on November 5 was prominent for both green leaf and root weights when the increased amount of bio-fertilizer was applied. Korean lawngrass had three times as much green leaf weight with 40m/t application of bio-fertilizer as with other treatments. Several functions of increment of above- ground part components caused by increasing root weight, which is greatly affected by bio-fertilizer application, was discussed. Turf quality was much improved by applying bio-fertilizer, indicating that this fertilizer might play an improtant role in respect of soil structure, water retention etc.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제50권6호
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• pp.623-633
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• 2017

Food waste has been recognized as a organic sources for composting and many research was conducted to efficiently utilize or treat. This study was to evaluate a feasibility for producing food waste compost under co-composting with mixture of food and animal waste. The mixing ratio of food and animal waste was 35% as main material, which additionally mixed 30% of sawdust for co-composting. Total days of composting experiment were 84 days and each sub samples were collected at every 7 days from starting of composting. Results showed that inner temperature in composting was rapidly increased to $70{\pm}4^{\circ}C$ within 3~5 days depending on mixing animal waste of cattle, pig, and chicken base compared to sole food waste base. Expecially, the CN ratio in the mixture of food and pig water was the highest (16.2) among compost. After finishing composting experiment, maturity was evaluated with solvita and germination test. Maturity index (MI) of the mixture of food and animal waste was ranged between 6~7, but was 3 in sole food waste. Calculated germination index (GI) was at the range of about 100 irrespectively of mixing of food and animal waste. However, NaCl content and heavy metal as Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn contents was increased in the mixture of food and animal waste. which was the highest in compost mixed the food and pig waste. Both MI and GI showed that manufactured fertilizer was suitable for fertilizer criteria while sole food waste was not adequate for composting due to composting periods. Overall, mixing the food and animal waste can be utilized for improving compost maturity, but more research should be conducted to make high quality of food waste compost with animal waste in agricultural fields.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제44권2호
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• pp.293-296
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• 2011

This survey was conducted to promote the environment-friendly use and recycling of livestock feces by obtaining information about the current state of livestock feces composts manufactured in Gyeonggi Province. Therefore, some aspects of quality and manufacturing techniques of livestock feces composts (LFCs) were examined especially in relation to the LFCs quality standard (LQS). By surveying the 70 composting plants in Gyeonggi Province, the total commercial production of LFCs in 2008 was estimated to be about $480,000Mg\;year^{-1}$ and they were manufactured mainly by using both mechanical mixer and bottom air blower. LFCs were composed mainly of chicken feces 29.2%, pig+chicken feces 23.1%, pig feces 20.0%, livestock feces+oil cake 12.3%, pig+chicken+cattle feces 10.8% and pig+cattle feces 4.6%. On the basis of the current official standard which was revised on March 2010, 11 composts out of surveyed 76 ones did not meet the LQS due to inadequate content of water (5), OM/N (1), NaCl (2) and Zn (3). The satisfaction rate to LQS by manufacturers was 100% in the composts produced by farmer's cooperative societies, 80.7% by civil factories, and 44.4% by farming guilds, respectively. The OM/N declined by adding chicken feces and oil cake, while Ca content was increased by the addition of chicken feces and NaCl was increased by adding cattle feces.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제45권6호
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• pp.1004-1008
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• 2012

본 연구는 벼 재배에 있어 맞춤형비료 시용 효과를 평가하기 위하여 기존의 3요소 단비 처리 및 일반 관행시비 농가에 대한 맞춤형비료 시용에 따른 벼 생육과 수량 그리고 비료사용량 절감 효과 등을 평가하였다. 처리별 벼 생육 상황은 기존 3요소 단일비료 처리구와 맞춤형비료 처리구간 유의성 있는 차이는 나타나지 않았다. 또한, 벼의 정조 수량에도 3요소구 및 일반 관행 농가와의 차이가 없어 맞춤형비료 시용에 따른 벼 생육 및 수량 저하 문제는 없었다. 반면에 맞춤형비료 시용에 따른 농가의 관행 비료 시용량 대비 절감율은 조사 지역별로 6~33% 범위로 평균 17% 이었으며, 맞춤형비료 분시비율에 따른 비료 성분량은 밀양지역을 제외한 모든 조사지역에서 가지거름을 시용하지 않고 2회 분시한 맞춤형비료 70구가 3회 분시한 맞춤형비료 50구에 비해 상대적으로 적은 것으로 나타났다. 조사지역 전체적으로는 평균 5% 정도 비료 성분량이 적게 사용된 결과를 보였다.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.250-255
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• 1983

밤나무에 대(對)한 합리적(合理的)인 시비(施肥)를 목적(目的)으로 밤나무 전용복비(專用複肥)를 관발(關發)하여 1981-1982년(年)에 걸쳐 은기품종(銀寄品種)을 공시(供試)하여 여비시험(旅肥試驗)을 한 결과(結果)는 다음과 같다. 1. 밤나무의 생장량(生長量)은 함붕소복비구(含硼素複肥區)에서 대체(大體)로 양호(良好)하였다. 2. 함붕소구(含硼素區)에서는 낙과방지효과(落果防止效果)가 커서 성숙구(成熟毬) 과수(果數)가 현저(顯著)하게 많았다. 3. 밤수량(收量)은 1982년도(年度) 경우 함붕소복비구(含硼素複肥區)에서 매우 높아 일반복비구(一般複肥區)에 비(比)해 6배(倍)나 되었다. 4. 함붕소복비시용(含硼素複肥施用)으로 토양(土壤) 및 식물체중(植物體中)의 붕소함량(硼素含量)이 높았으며 이는 밤나무의 생장촉진(生長促進), 낙과방지(落果防止)에 영향을 주어 밤 증수(增收)에 기여 하였다고 판단(判斷)된다. 5. 밤의 획기적증수(劃期的增收)를 기(期)하기 위(爲)하여는 밤나무 전용복비(專用複肥)의 시용(施用)은 불가피(不可避)한 것으로 생각된다.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.297-300
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• 1986

이앙기(移秧機)에 부착(附着)된 시비기(施肥機)를 이용(利用)하여 이앙(移秧)과 동시(同時)에 토양(土壤)에 주입(注入)할 수 있는 호상비료(糊狀肥料)를 개발(開發)한 결과(結果)는 다음과 같다. 아미노산폐액(酸廢液)에 인산(燐酸), 중과석(重過石), KOH, 요소(尿素), DAP 염화가리순(鹽化加里順)으로 첨가혼합(添加混合)하여 반액체(半液體)인 수도용(水稻用) 호상복합비료(糊狀複合肥料) 제조(製造)가 가능(可能)하였으며 시제품(試製品)의 NPK 함량(合量)은 시제품(試製品) I이 12.50-14, 25-13.01, 시제품(試製品) II가 10.59-14.88-13.17 이었고 pH는 두 제품(製品) 공(共)히 6.5 내외(內外), 비중(比重)은 1.45g/cc 이었다.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제44권6호
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• pp.1264-1271
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• 2011

To build environmentally friendly highways, we testes suitability for unique characteristics of pollution mitigation facility around the highways by evaluating optimal selections and implementation methodologies to minimize loan of non-point pollution substances into water-ways. To do this we categorized EIA target highways into three types ; big drainage basin, small drainage basin, and bridge section as to minimize non-point pollution of highway runoff. The terms of selected facility test based on the Natural and Manufactured Treatment Device were removal efficiency of TSS, BOD, COD, T-N, T-P, compatibility of site selection, economic feasibility, maintenance convenience, and the final mitigation facility.