• 한국축산시설환경학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.81-92
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• 2010

본 시험은 착즙부산물 발효사료가 육성돈의 영양소 소화율, 분뇨 배설량 그리고 질소 균형에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 실시하였다. 삼원교잡종 24두(개시체중 46.79 kg)를 공시하여 10일간의 적응기를 거쳐 7 일간 대사 케이지 ($0.5{\times}1.3m$)에서 소화시험을 수행하였다. 처리구는 1) 기초사료 (CON), 2) 발효사료(기초사료를 발효한 사료, F), 3) 케일박 발효사료 (KF), 4) 신선초박 발효사료 (AF), 5) 당근박 발효사료 (CF) 빛 6) 포도박 발효사료(GF)로 하여 총 6개 처리이었으며 처리당 4반복으로 하였다. 시험기간 동안 건물 소화율은 대조구, F, CF 처려구가 다른 처리구들보다 유의적으로 높았다 (p<0.05). 조단백질소화율은 F 처리구가 AF 및 GF 처리구보다 유의적으로 높았고 (p<0.05), 조섬유 소화율은 GF 처리구가 다른 처리구들보다 유의적으로 낮았다 (p<0.05). 조지방 소화율에서는 AF 및 CF 처리구가 KF를 제외한 처리구들보다 유의적으로 높았다 (p<0.05). 조회분 소화율은 CF 처리구가 다른 처리구들보다 유의적으로 높았다 (p<0.05). 반면 칼숨과 인 소화율에서는 CF 및 GF 처리구가 다른 처리구들보다 유의적으로 높았다 (p<0.05). 에너지 소화율에서는 대조구, F 및 CF 처리구가 KF, AF 및 GF 처리구보다 유의적으로 높았다(p<0.05). 총 필수아미노산 소화율에서는 F 처리구가 AF, CF 및 GF 처리구보다 유의적으로 높았고(P<0.05), 비필수아미노산의 평균 소화율에서는 F 처리구가 AF, CF 및 GF 처리구보다 유의적으로 높았다 (p<0.05). 총 아미노산의 평균 소화율에서는 F 처리구가 AF 및 CF 처리구보다 높았으며 (p<0.05), GF 처리구가 가장 낮았다 (p<0.05). 분으로 배설된 질소 비율은 GF 처리구가 다른 처리구들보다 높았고(p<0.05), F 처리구가 낮았다 (p<0.05). 뇨로 배설된 질소 비율에서는 대조구와 GF 처리구가 다른 처리구들보다 유의적으로 낮았다(p<0.05). 질소 축적비율에서는 대조구가 가장 높았으며 (p<0.05), KF 처리구가 가장 낮았다 (p<0.05). 결론적으로 일반배합사료보다 착즙부산물 발효사료의 소화율이 감소하였는데 이것은 사료에 혼합된 착즙부산물 수준 30%가 높은 수준인 것으로 판단되어 추후 섬유소 수준을 낮추어 시험을 수행할 필요가 있다고 생각된다. 특히, 포도박 발효사료 처리구에서 분 배설량이 많은 이유는 포도박 발효사료의 섬유소 함량이 대조구 및 발효사료 보다 높고 다른 착즙부산물에 비하여 소화되지 않는 포도씨가 다량 배설되었기 때문인 것 같다.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제35권5호
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• pp.653-659
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• 2015

High-protein fermented whey beverage (FWB) was manufactured using whey protein concentrate (WPC) and Lactobacillus plantarum DK211 isolated from kimchi. This study was designed to evaluate the anti-obesity activity of FWB in male rats fed a high-fat diet. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to three groups (n=8 per group). The three groups differed in their diet; one group received a normal diet (ND), another, a high-fat diet (HD), and the third, a HD plus fermented whey beverage (HDFWB), for 4 wk. Supplementation with FWB (the HDFWB group) prevented weight gain and body fat accumulation. The food intake in the HDWFB group was significantly lower (p<0.05) than that of the HD group. The HDWFB group also showed a significant decrease in organ weights (p<0.05), except for the weight of the testis. There was a significant decrease in total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, and triglycerides in the HDFWB group compared with the HD group (p<0.05), but there was no significant difference in serum HDL-cholesterol levels among the experimental groups. Rats ingesting FWB (the HDFWB group) also showed a significant decrease in blood glucose levels, and plasma levels of insulin, leptin, and ghrelin compared to HD group (p<0.05). These results indicate that FWB has beneficial effects on dietary control, weight control, and reduction in fat composition and serum lipid level; consequently, it may provide antiobesity and hypolipidemic activity against high fat diet-induced obesity in rats.

• Applied Microscopy
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• 제48권3호
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• pp.62-72
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• 2018

This study investigated the anti-obesity effect of a pear (Fructus Pyri Pyrifoliae) extract fermented by lactic-acid bacteria on obesity induced by a high-fat diet in rats. Body-weight measurement, blood analysis, and light microscope observation of adipose tissue in liver and epididymis were conducted after 8 weeks. Gene expression of leptin, adiponectin, and tumor necrosis $factor-{\alpha}$ ($TNF-{\alpha}$) in liver cells were also investigated. Compared to CON, PFA and PFB showed 8% weight reduction along with weight reduction of adipose tissue in liver and epididymis. Observing the microstructure of liver cells showed that lipid droplets were smaller in PFA and PFB than in CON. We confirmed that Fructus Pyri Pyrifoliae extract fermented by lactic-acid bacteria can affect gene expression of leptin, adiponectin, and $TNF-{\alpha}$ in liver cells, showing an obesity treatment effect. From the results above, it was observed that weight gain from increased gene expression in adipose cells as well as from the increased proportion of adipose cells caused by a high-fat diet can be statistically significantly reduced by taking Fructus Pyri Pyrifoliae extract fermented by lactic-acid bacteria. Therefore, Fructus Pyri Pyrifoliae extract fermented by lactic-acid bacteria can be effective for preventing and treating obesity by reducing weight and adipose cells.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제24권6호
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• pp.834-843
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• 2011

Bacterial diversity was studied using PCR-DGGE, cloning and sequencing. DNA was isolated from digesta samples from stomach, ileum and colon of 28 weaned piglets (Large White${\times}$Mong Cai) fed dry control feed, naturally fermented liquid feed (FE) and a liquid diet with inclusion of rice distiller's residue feed. General bacterial diversity was described using DGGE analysis of the V3 region of 16S rDNA. The microbial populations in the stomach and the ileum were considerably influenced by the diet, while only marginal effects were observed in the colon. There was a large variation of the microbial flora in the stomach between individuals fed non-fermented diets. In contrast, animals fed diet FE had a more uniform microbial flora in the stomach and the ileum compared to the other diets. In total 47 bands from the DGGE profiles were cloned. In stomach, most frequently lactic acid bacteria were found. Feeding diet FE resulted in the occurrence of Pediococcus species in stomach and ileum. In pigs fed the other diets, Lactobacillus gallinarum, Lactobacillus johnsonii and Lactobacillus fermentum were found in stomach and ileum. Most of the sequences of bands isolated from colon samples and several from ileum matched to unknown bacteria, which often grouped within Prevotellaceae, Enterobacteriaceae, Bacteroidaceae and Erysipelotrichaceae. This study demonstrates that fermented liquid feed affects bacterial diversity and the specific microflora in stomach and ileum, which provides a potential to modulate the gut microflora with dietary means to increase the abundance of beneficial bacteria and improve piglets' health.

• Journal of Dairy Science and Biotechnology
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.159-166
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• 2015

본 연구에서는 한국의 전통발효식품인 김치로부터 L. acidophilus를 분리 동정하고, 이 균주를 이용하여 홍삼과 복분자 미숙과를 발효시킨 조성물을 동물모델을 이용하여 항비만효과를 검토하였다. 고지방식이를 섭취시킨 C57BL/6J 마우스에 L. acidophilus C 및 홍삼 농축액과 복분자 미숙과 분말을 발효시킨 혼합발효 복합물을 6주간 투여한 결과, 혼합발효 복합물을 투여한 군에서 체중증가량, 부고환 및 신장 주위 지방의 무게, 지방세포 크기와 간조직 내 지질 축적, 혈중 포도당 농도, 혈중GOT와GPT 농도및렙틴농도를감소시켰으며, HDL-콜레스테롤과 아디포넥틴의 농도를 증가시키는 경향을 나타낸 것으로 보아, L. acidophilus C를 단독투여한 실험군에 비하여 비만을 개선시키는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 혼합발효 복합물은 비만개선용 식품소재로서의 가능성이 있을 것으로 기대되어지며, 추후에 혼합발효 복합물의 비만 개선 메커니즘을 규명하기 위한 연구가 더 필요할 것으로 사료된다.

• 농업생명과학연구
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• 제45권2호
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• pp.93-101
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• 2011

본 연구는 솔잎 토착미생물을 이용하여 제조된 발효사료 급여가 돼지의 성장, 혈액성상, 도체형질 및 경제성에 미치는 영향을 규명하고자 실시하였다. 평균 체중 75kg인 3원교잡종 (Landrance${\times}$Yorkshire${\times}$Duroc) 180두를 공시하여 돈방 당 15두씩 시험구당 3반복으로 실시하였다. 발효사료는 원료 사료와 미생물을 혼합 후 혐기적 상태로 10일간 발효시켰으며, 양돈용 사료에 0 (대조구, CON), 3 (T1), 5 (T2) 및 10% (T3)로 대체하여, 42일간 급여 후 도축하였다. 발효사료의 조단백질 함량은 발효 후가 발효 전보다 높았지만 (p<0.05), 조섬유 함량과 pH는 낮았다 (p<0.05). 돼지의 혈중 Hemoglobin 함량은 T3구가 대조구에 비해 높았고 (p<0.05), Hematocrit 함량은 대조구와 T1구가 T2구와 T3구에 비해 높았고 (p<0.05), Platelet 함량은 T1구가 T2구와 T3구에 비해 높았다 (p<0.05). 대조구의 혈중 total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol 및 Triglycerides 함량은 발효사료를 대체한 모든 시험구에 비해 높았으나 (p<0.05), HDL-cholesterol 함량은 적었다 (p<0.05). 지육중량과 지육율은 T1구와 T3구가 대조구와 T2구에 비해 높았으며 (p<0.05), 등지방 두께는 T1구와 T2구가 T3구에서 비해 낮았다 (p<0.05). 육 등급은 발효사료를 대체한 모든 시험구가 대조구에 비해 개선되었으며 (p<0.05), kg 증체당 사료비는 발효사료를 급여했을 때 약 2-6% 적었다. 따라서 솔잎 토착미생물을 이용하여 제조한 발효사료의 급여는 돼지의 건강과 육 등급 개선 및 사료비 절감에 도움이 될 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제46권10호
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• pp.1151-1157
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• 2017

본 연구에서는 폐기되고 있는 꽃송이버섯 기부 발효에 적합한 균주 선발을 위해 Lactobacillus plantarum, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Bacillus subtilis를 활용하여 발효를 진행하였으며, 생균수 실험 결과 L. plantarum이 발효 48시간에 1.486의 흡광도를 보여 빠른 발효속도와 생육능을 보였다. 총 페놀 함량은 L. plantarum과 S. cerevisiae를 활용하여 발효한 실험구에서 301.68 ppm, 299.35 ppm으로 발효 전보다 높은 함량을 보였으며, B. subtilis 발효 실험구는 큰 차이를 보이지 않았다. DPPH 라디칼 소거 활성은 L. plantarum이 63.9%로 가장 우수한 항산화 활성을 보여 L. plantarum을 이용하여 꽃송이버섯 기부를 발효한 후 장어에 사료 첨가제로 급이하였다. 6주간 장어의 폐사는 대조구에서 60마리로 가장 많은 폐사를 보였으며, 꽃송이버섯 기부 추출물이 24마리로 가장 적은 폐사를 보였다. 장어 혈청의 lysozyme 용균 활성 및 E. coli 살균능은 꽃송이버섯 기부 추출물과 발효물 모두 대조구에 비해 높은 활성을 보였다.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제41권2호
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• pp.160-167
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• 2013

In order to investigate changes in quality and enzyme activity during Chungkookjang fermentation, germinated- and nongerminated yellow soybeans were fermented by Bacillus subtilis and traditional methods. When the soybean was soaked for 6 h and then watered for 4 days with 2 h-interval at $25^{\circ}C$, the highest germination rate was obtained. The germinated soybeans had a higher total isoflavone ($988.4{\mu}g/g$) than that of the nongerminated soybeans ($859.5{\mu}g/g$). Amino type nitrogen contents, protease and amylase activities were higher in germinated soybean Chungkookjang, which was fermented with B. subtilis, than nongerminated soybean Chungkookjang, which was fermented with B. subtilis and traditional methods. Reducing sugar and amino type nitrogen contents, the number of viable cells and protease and amylase activities, were higher for Chungkookjang fermented with B. subtilis, than Chungkookjang fermented by traditional methods. ALP and SOD activities in the Chungkookjang diet group were considerably higher than in the control group. AST activity in the germinated soybean Chungkookjang diet group was higher than in the nongerminated soybean Chungkookjang diet group. In conclusion, it is suggested that Chungkookjang prepared with germinated soybeans using B. subtilis D7 could be practically used as a functional product.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.159-162
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• 2019

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of dietary microbial-fermented molasses on egg production and egg quality in laying hens.In total, 90 Hy-line Brown laying hens were divided into two treatment groups (control and 1% microbial-fermented molasses)with three replicates of 15 birds each. During the experimental period, supplementation of hen diets with 1% microbial-fermented molassesdid not influence egg weight, hen-day egg production, egg mass, and feed conversion ratio (p > 0.05), except for feed intake. Regarding egg quality, diets containing 1% microbial-fermented molasses significantly affected eggshell thickness, Haugh unit, and albumen height (p < 0.05). However, there were no remarkable differences between control and 1% microbial-fermented molasses in eggshell color and egg yolk color (p > 0.05). These results indicate that supplementing 1% microbial-fermented molasses to the diet of laying hens improved egg quality parameters such as eggshell thickness, Haugh unit, and albumen height rather than egg production.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.187-196
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• 2016

Obesity is a growing health problem that many countries face, mostly due to the consumption of a Westernized diet. In this present study we observed the effects of a soybean extract fermented by Bacillus subtilis MORI (BTD-1) containing 1-deoxynojirimycin against high fat diet-induced obesity. The results obtained from this study indicated that BTD-1 reduced body weight, regulated hepatic lipid content and adipose tissue, and also affected liver antioxidant enzymes and glucose metabolism. These results suggest that administration of BTD-1 affects obesity by inhibiting hyperglycemia and free radical-mediated stress; it also reduces lipid accumulation. Therefore, BTD-1 may be potentially useful for the prevention of obesity and its related secondary complications.