• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.336-340
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• 2004

This is the result of the comparison of the number of jeans, colors, images, opinions when it was purchased, shapes according to the gender of persons in jeans. According to the gender, male students had 1.64 jeans(46.3%) and female students had 2.09 jeans(53.7%) on the average. Male students selected colors of jeans which they don't have, but want to wear once in the order of blue(3.7%), red(21.0%), white(24.1%), black(25.6%), and others(25.6%). Female students selected colors in the order of blue(3.2%), black(15.6%), red(24.8%), white(27.7%) and others(25.6%). In case of the general image about jeans, male students thought the jeans as masculine(1.2%), sexy(3.1%), unisexual(3.2%), active(23.6%), young(29.8%), and comfortable(36.5%) and female students thought it as masculine(0.3%), sexy(3.5%), unisexual(10.4%), young(21.9%), comfortable(28.1%) and active(35.8%). Male students considered torn or holed jeans ill-mannered(10.7%), delinquent, (20.7%)trendy(21.0%), comfortable(22.9%), and dandy(24.7%). Female students think it ill-mannered(3.4%), delinquent7.1%, trendy(17.4%), comfortable(21.1%), and dandy(50.9%). When they purchase jeans, male students choose according to trends(17.9%), don't consider design(19.5%) and look for their own styles(62.6%), female students didn't consider design(5.2%), choose according to trends(22.0%), and look for their own styles(72.5%). The designs of jeans which they usually wear were bell bottom(1.5%), wide-shaped(7.4%), baggy(17.5%), straight-shaped(73.6%) in case of male students. on the other hand, in case of female students, baggy(10.2%), wide-shaped(11.0%), bell bottom(17.0%), and straight-shaped(61.8%). The designs of jeans which they didn't have but want to wear once are wide-shaped(10.1%), bell bottom(13.2%), baggy(20.9%), and straight-shaped(55.2%) in case of male students. On the other hand, females students want to wear baggy(11.6%), wide-shaped(15.0%), straight-shaped(27.6%), and bell bottom(45.8%). The above-mentioned findings illustrated that both male and female students regarded blue as the original color of jeans, but they wanted to wear jeans in colors other than blue. In the past, jeans were considered masculine and unisex, but they viewed jeans as an apparel that was comfortable to wear and made it easier to move. Female students had a higher tendency to be fashionable than male students, and their preference for jeans was consequently different. Jeans manufacturers should take those characteristics into account to produce products in different colors and form.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제12권10호
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• pp.597-604
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• 2014

본 연구의 목적은 모델전공 여대생과 일반 여대생의 신체조성 및 기초체력을 비교분석 하는데 있다. 본 연구의 취지를 충분히 설명하고 자발적 참여의 동의서를 작성한 D대학교의 모델전공 여대생 15명과 일반 여대생 15명이었으며, 과거병력과 현재 특별한 질환이 없고, 규칙적인 운동경험이 없는 자들로 구성하였다. 이들은 신체조성검사 및 기초체력검사인 좌 우악력, 배근력, 유연성, 순발력, 근지구력을 실시하여 평균 표준편차를 산출하기 위하여 기술통계를 실시하였고, 집단 간 차이 검증은 independent t-test를 이용하여 분석하였다. 통계적 유의수준은 p<.05로 설정하여 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 모델전공 여대생과 일반 여대생의 체중, 골격근, 체지방량, BMI 및 좌 우악력 및 배근력, 순발력에서 집단 간 유의(p.<05)한 차이를 보였으며, 유연성 및 근지구력은 집단 간 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다(p>.05).

• 한국관광식음료학회지:관광식음료경영연구
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.111-118
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• 2002

The purpose of this study was to investigate the stress levels and the dietary patterns of 390 male and female University students in Seoul and to analyze the correlation between the two. Informations of the subjects were obtained by questionnaire. As a result of this research study, male students had such bad dietary patterns as their stress increased(P<.05). Female students were more affected in dietary patterns by stress level and both male and female students exhibited a tendency to be in a higher state of intake as their stress level increased.

• Nutritional Sciences
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.89-97
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• 2000

The purpose of this study was to investigate the nutrient intake, eating behaviors and health-related lifestyles of Korean non-nutrition major college students after they took a nutrition course. The subjects were 40 male and 147 female students at a university in Inchon. The results are summarized as follows: Average height of male and female students was 176.2 and 162.0 cm, respectively. Average weight was 66.2 and 52.3 kg, respectively. Average intake of calories, protein, vitamin A, vitamin C, vitamin $B_1$, vitamin $B_2$, niacin, and Ca was lower than Korean RDA. Fe intake of female students was lower than Korean RDA. Most students have had dietary problems such as overeating, eating unbalanced meals, and skipping meals. More than 60% of the students skipped breakfast. The main reason for skipping meals was lack of time. Most students didnt exercise regularly. About 40% of the students took vitamin or mineral supplements. As for smoking and alcohol use, 11.3% of the students drank alcohol and smoked, and 74.2% of them only drank alcohol. More than 30% of the students drank alcohol once a week. Most students ate out twice a week, and chose their based on taste rather than nutritional value. The main reason for eating out was simply to enjoy a meal. More than 60% of the students ate at places in or around campus. After taking the nutrition course, intake of milk and other dairy products, vegetables, fruits and protein-rich foods increased in female students. For both male and female students, intake of fat, sugar, processed foods, soft drinks, fried foods and spices decreased. Therefore, nutrition education had effect on non-nutrition major students, suggesting that proper nutrition education encouraged healthy eating habits on the part of college students.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제29권5호
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• pp.563-571
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• 2013

This study surveyed food intake and preferences for breakfast among 167 male and 152 female middle school students in Incheon. Most students were in a normal range with respect to body mass index (BMI; 18~22.9). Most of the students spent 10~20 minutes to finish their breakfast, and female students skipped breakfast more frequently than male students, with major reasons of not being able to spend enough time for breakfast and low appetite. Steamed rice(bap) was the most frequently consumed food for breakfast. Students ate vegetables and fruits for breakfast the most frequently, followed by milk and milk products, meat, fish, egg and beans, and cereals. The most frequently consumed food among protein sources was eggs. Male students had foods except vegetables and fruits more frequently than female students for their breakfast. Female students were more highly aware of the importance of breakfast on their health than male students. Preference on different food groups was significantly higher in male students than female students except vegetable salad and fruit juices. The results suggest that breakfast skipping of middle school students can be reduced by aggressively reflecting food preferences of the students to breakfast menu and appropriate nutritional education for students and their mothers.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제24권5호
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• pp.384-394
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• 2019

Objectives: The study was performed to examine the dietary behaviors and life stress of middle school students in the Gyeonggi area. Methods: A total of 580 middle school students (295 males, 285 females) in the Gyeonggi area participated in the study between July and August in 2011. The study was a questionnaire-based survey that included dietary habits, dietary behaviors, and life stress. Results: For dietary habits, the score for drinking milk was higher in male students than in female students, whereas the score for eating fruits was higher in female students compared to male students. There were significant differences in foods eaten and preferred under stress between male and female students. Male students showed significantly less changes in the number of meals, amount of meal intake, number of snacks, snack intake, frequency of overeating, and appetite during stress than female students. Life stress score of students largely came from academic factors, and female students showed higher stress levels in personal and surrounding environment factors than male students. Life stress score was significantly lower in students with high and moderate levels of dietary habits than in students with a low level of dietary habits. Total score for dietary habits and scores for eating adequate amounts of foods for each meal, considering a combination of food groups at each meal and eating green and orange vegetables, were significantly negatively correlated with life stress score. Life stress score was significantly negatively correlated with meal regularity and positively with the level of overeating. Conclusions: This study may provide basic information on dietary habits and life stress according to gender and the relationship between dietary behaviors and life stress of middle school students, and it suggests gender-based nutrition education programs to solve undesirable dietary habits and dietary behaviors in students with higher stress.

• 한국가정과교육학회지
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.141-164
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• 2018

본 연구는 전남지역 고등학생을 대상으로 스트레스 인식, 식습관 및 생활습관 특성, 간식 섭취 행태를 조사하고, 스트레스 수준에 따른 식습관 및 생활습관 특성, 간식 섭취 행태의 특성을 분석하여 청소년의 식생활 교육에 도움을 주고자 하였다. 순천시, 광양시, 고흥군에 거주하는 고등학교 1, 2, 3학년을 대상으로 자료를 수집하였고, 자료 분석은 SPSS 통계 프로그램을 이용하였다. 본 연구의 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 고등학생의 스트레스 인식은 남학생이 2.92점, 여학생이 3.07점으로 여학생이 남학생보다 유의적으로 높게 나타났다(p<.01). 요인별 스트레스 인식은 학교 스트레스(p<.001), 가족 스트레스(p<.05)에서 성별에 따라 유의한 차이가 나타났는데, 여학생이 남학생 보다 스트레스가 높았다. 둘째, 고등학생의 식습관 및 생활습관 특성은 한끼 식사 시간 (p<.001), 식사량(p<.05), 식습관 경향(p<.001), 음식의 간(p<.05), 일주일 운동 횟수(p<.001), 1일 운동 시간(p<.001)에서 남학생과 여학생이 유의한 차이를 나타냈다. 한끼 식사 시간은 남학생이 여학생보다 더 짧았고, 식사의 양은 여학생이 남학생보다 적당하였다. 식습관 경향은 남학생은 규칙적으로 섭취하였고, 여학생은 자극적인 음식을 선호하는 것으로 나타났다. 음식의 간은 남학생이 약간 싱겁게 먹고 여학생은 보통으로 나타났다. 일주일 운동 횟수는 남학생이 여학생보다 많았고, 여학생이 남학생보다 운동을 하지 않는 것으로 나타났으며, 1일 운동 시간은 남학생이 여학생보다 많았다. 셋째, 고등학생의 간식 섭취 행태 특성은 하루 간식비(p<.01), 간식 먹는 시간(p<.01), 즐기는 간식(p<.001)에서 남학생과 여학생 간에 유의한 차이가 나타났다. 하루 간식비는 4,000원 미만이 남학생보다 여학생이 높게 나타났고, 간식 먹는 시간은 남학생은 불규칙적으로가 높게 나타났으며, 여학생은 점심 후 저녁 전이 높게 나타났다. 즐기는 간식은 남학생과 여학생 모두 과자류, 사탕류, 초콜릿류가 가장 높게 나타났다. 넷째, 고등학생의 스트레스 수준에 따른 식습관 및 생활습관 특성은 하루 식사 횟수 (p<.05), 식습관 경향(p<.01), 음식의 간(p<.05)이 스트레스 수준에 따라 유의한 차이를 나타냈다. 하루 식사 횟수는 '고 스트레스' 그룹과 '저 스트레스' 그룹에서 4회 이상 식사하는 비율이 높게 나타났고, 식습관 경향은 '고 스트레스' 그룹에서 규칙적인 섭취의 비율이 낮게 나타났다. 음식의 간 선호도는 스트레스가 상인 그룹에서 매우 짜게 먹는 비율이 높게 나타났다. 다섯째, 고등학생의 스트레스 수준에 따른 간식 섭취 행태 특성은 하루 간식 섭취 횟수 (p<.05), 좋아하는 간식의 맛(p<.05)에서 스트레스 수준에 따라 유의한 차이를 나타냈다. 하루 간식 섭취 횟수는 스트레스가 높은 그룹과 스트레스가 낮은 그룹에서 4회 이상 비율이 높게 나타났고, 좋아하는 간식의 맛은 스트레스가 높은 그룹과 스트레스가 낮은 그룹에서 매운맛이 높게 나타났다. 이상의 결과를 종합해 볼 때, 스트레스 수준이 자극적인 음식 선호, 짜게 먹는 습관, 단맛을 선호하는 등의 간식 섭취에 영향을 미침을 알 수 있었다. 청소년 시기에 이러한 스트레스 상황이 장기간 지속될 경우에는 식생활에 많은 영향을 미칠 것으로 생각된다. 따라서 스트레스를 겪는 환경에서 바람직하고 균형잡힌 식생활을 할 수 있도록 고등학생의 건전한 식생활 문화 정착을 유도하는 지도가 필요하겠다.

• 한국지역사회생활과학회지
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.151-161
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• 2006

This study was made to find out how health practice affect on nutrition status of the college freshmen in male and female. 400 freshmen students in 4year colleges were surveyed. Questionnaire and blood analysis were made. The contents of questionnaire contained general characteristics, health practice behavior, and food intake. The physical measurement included height, weight and blood pressure. The questions for health practice were about drinking, smoking, BMI, skipping breakfast and sleeping. Nutrient intake was expressed by DDS(Dietary Diversity Score by 5 food groups) and DVS (Dietary Variety Score) and 24-hrs recall method was used to find out the quantity of daily food intake. EAR% was calculated and NAR and MAR were produced. The results are as follows: 1) BMI was $22.77kg/m^2$ for males and $20.42kg/m^2$ for females. The ratio maintaining normal weight indicated by BMI of 18.5-23 was higher(p<0.001) for female students(63.2%) than males(56.5%). The ratio of overweight with over $23kg/m^2$ of BMI was 28.5% for males and 8.8% for females(p<0.001). 2)The ratio of drinking students was 59.4% for males and 40.6% for female(p<0.001). And the ratio of smoking students was 95.2% for males and 4.8% for females(p<0.001). 3) The ratio of poor health practice group was 35.7% for males and 25.5% for females, and that of excellent one was 25.4% for males and 33.1% for females(p<0.05). 4) In NAR, the lowest ratio was observed for the intake of Ca, Fe, Vitamin C and Vitamin $B_2$. The intake of Fe, Vitamin $B_2$ and phosphorus were different significantly according to sexuality. For Fe, female students showed lower level than male students(p<0.001). For Vitamin $B_2$, and phosphorus female students showed higher level(p<0.001). 5) In MAR, there was no difference according to sexuality in almost all of the ingredients. 6) For energy intake, male and female students showed 59% and 66% of EAR and it was insufficient for them. 7) For protein, more than 100% was obtained. The lowest ratio was observed for the intake of vitamin C 50.8%, Ca 53.6% and Fe 65.1% of EAR were obtained. The lowest intake ratio and for the intake of Fe female students obtained just 37.5% of EAR showing high risk of anemia. The intake of energy(p<0.001), phosphorus(p<0.01), niacin(p<0.05), Fe(p<0.001), and Vitamin $B_2$ (p<0.001) were different significantly according to sexuality. For Fe, female students showed lower level than male students(p<0.001). For energy, phosphorus, niacin, and Vitamin $B_2$ female students showed higher level(p<0.001) than male students. 8) For blood pressure, male students showed normal level of 120.7/79.1 mmHg, however, female students showed 114.5/75.4 mmHg lower than male (p<0.001). 9). In blood, for hemoglobin female students showed significantly lower level than that of male(p<0.001). T-Cholesterol and HDL-Cholesterol female students showed higher level than males (p<0.001), And for triglyceride male students showed higher level than females(p<0.001). Ca and Fe female students showed lower level (p<0.001).

• 수산해양교육연구
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.35-47
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• 2005

The purpose of this study is to investigate various kinds of discipline problems in middle school classrooms, and the differences in severity and frequency of the classroom discipline problems between male and female students' classrooms in middle schools. This study shows that the discipline problems in the middle school classrooms include using a cellular phone, chattering, sleeping, chewing gum, reading comic books, asking useless questions, challenging a teacher, fighting, calling names, skipping class, throwing trash in the classroom, breaking classroom equipment, creating disorder, losing materials, playing with a ball in the classroom, gambling, and so on. Generally, male students recognized the severity of the classroom discipline problems more than the female students. However, it is shown that the frequency of discipline problems in male students' classrooms is higher than that in female students' classrooms. From the results of this study, male students have more active discipline problems (playing with a ball in the classroom, throwing trash in the classroom, coming to class late, gambling, cutting in line, and so on). On the other hand, female students have more passive discipline problems (making a noise by using a cellular phone, asking useless questions, sending messages to a classmate, studying other subjects, scattering, and so on).

• 한국의상디자인학회지
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.135-147
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to analyze clothes-wearing of Chinese female university students in Hangzhou. By random sampling, a total of 183 Chinese female students in Hangzhou aged between 17 and 24 were used into data analysis from November 20, 2010 to January 20, 2011. The questionnaires consisted of 36 questions in total. The results were as follows : According to the result of the purpose of wearing clothes in winter, it was found that many female students wore clothes for a "protection purpose" or "ornamental purpose" in winter. As for the question about whether or not underwear was worn in winter, Chinese students answered that more upper underwear was worn than lower underwear. As for the question about the types of outer garments, Chinese students answered that they wore 3-layered upper garments in winter most. The upper garments worn in winter preferred most was long coat(68.3%). In the survey on the types of accessories, More Chinese students wore mufflers and gloves while less students wore hats and earmuffs.