• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.413-416
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• 2008

Effects of extracts obtained from the flowers of Elsholtzia splendens on the serum lipid profile and hepatotoxicity in mice were investigated. Female ICR mice were given E. splendens ethanolic extract (ESEs) orally at a dose of 10 or 50 mg/kg BW for 50 days. Significant dose-dependent decreases in triglyceride and low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol of serum were observed. In addition, ESEs prolonged the lag-time of LDL oxidation in vitro. In the serum of ICE mice given ESEs orally at 10 and 50 mg/kg BW, the serum levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) increased significantly, while total protein, albumin, creatinine, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and total bilirubin did not change. Therefore, ESEs may be beneficial to human health, although it has some hepatotoxicity.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.21-26
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• 1973

The constituents of Korean cannabis were studied comparatively with foreign orgins. Especially, tetrahydrocannabinol(THC), the active constituents of cannabis were analyzed by the technique of thin layer chromatography and colorimetry. The results are as follows ; (1) THC content in Korean cannabis is comparatively higher than that in foreign samples. (2) THC is contained most abundantly in male flowers, abundantly in female tops and leaves and some in barks. (3) There is a tendency that the THC content increase gradually with growth of plants, being highest during unripe nad decrease with maturity of the tops. (4) Korean cannabis contains THC, cannabinol, cannabidiol, cannabidiolic acid and other cannandiolic compounds. Distribution of chemical components of Korean cannabis, compared with those of foreign ones, is remarkably different. (5) The THC content of Spanish cannabis cultivated tentatively in Korea is similar to that of Korean cannabis.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.326-330
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• 2014

Flowering characteristics and acorn production of Quercus acuta were studied in a Quercus acuta forest at Wando island, Korea. Three sample trees were cut and measured to investigate flowering characteristics during flowering season. Eight $20m{\times}25m$ quadrats were set up and three $1m{\times}1m$ seed traps were established within each quadrat to investigate acorn production. There were no significant differences in number of female and male inflorescence per bearing shoot among crown positions, but these values decreased from the upper part to the lower part of crown. The number of female flowers was 5,025 flowers/tree, and of the total number, 60.3% was in the upper part, 28.4% was in the middle part and 11.3% was in the lower part of crown. The number of male flowers was 7,063 flowers/tree and increased from the lower part to the upper part of crown. Acorn production of total 24 seed traps was 947 acorns/$24m^2$, and of total acorn production, 11.0% was sound, 61.9% was damaged, 25.1% was decayed and 2.0% was empty. Monthly acorn production was 240 acorns/$24m^2$ in August, 632 acorns/$24m^2$ in September, 56 acorns/$24m^2$ in October, 17 acorns/$24m^2$ in November and 2 acorns/$24m^2$ in December. Acorns fallen in October showed higher mean length, diameter and weight than those of other months.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.57 no.2
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• pp.69-75
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• 2018

Bactrocera depressa and B. scutellata are serious insect pests to pumpkin in Korea. Adult stage which exposes to aerial condition is the optimal target for control because the immature stages of both species hide within host fruit, flowers or under ground. This study aimed to develop an attract-to-kill technique of their females. A commercially available attract-to-kill agent was not effective to attract these two pumpkin fruit flies. This study developed an attractant containing protein-based terpinyl acetate (TA). This TA-protein lure was effective to attract two pumpkin fruit flies. It attracted both sexes with female-biased frequency (60-70%). This TA-protein lure would be used for control both pumpkin fruit flies and may be used for monitoring field populations of B. depressa, in which specific attractant is not known.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.33 no.5
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• pp.789-795
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• 2015

The new garden chrysanthemum (Dendranthema grandiflorum Ramat.) cultivar 'Nuri Ball' was developed at Yesan Chrysanthemum Experiment Station of Chungcheongnam-do Agricultural Research and Extension Services in 2011. 'Nuri Ball' was bred through a cross between the '02-145-01' line as the female parent with yellow flower color and '02-04-32' as the male plant with white flower color in 2004. Three years of adaptation trials were conducted from 2006 to 2009 under natural conditions. This study compared the external shape type with that of 'White Miri' and conducted ploidy and RAPD (Random amplified polymorphic DNA) marker analyses. These tests showed that 'Nuri Ball' cultivar has its own characteristics compared with the control 'White Miri'. 'Nuri Ball' was a shrub type variety with semi-double flowers of 4.0 cm in width with white petals. It could produce 1025.2 flowers per plant in autumn. Compared with the control 'White Miri', 'Nuri Ball' was similar in terms of shape and color of flowers, but was different in flower size and number. The natural flowering time of 'Nuri Ball' was late September. It had very vigorous growth and an early budding plant. 'Nuri Ball' was demonstrated to be a new cultivar based on ploidy test and RAPD analysis. 'Nuri Ball' is intended for use as a bed chrysanthemum and expected to contribute to farm incomes in landscaping.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.49 no.4
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• pp.299-304
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• 2010

The striped fruit fly, Baetrocera scutellata (Diptera: Tephritidae), is one of the most important pests in Cucurbitaceae plants. Among 6 attractants for B. scutellata used, Cue-lure was shown better effect than the others. Newly emerged adult of B. scutellata had been occurred early June of the year tested. There were two peaks of occurrences of B. scutellata, one was from mid-July to early August and the other was early September suggesting that B. scutellata has two generation a year. The larva of B. seutellata damaging the female flower and stem of the pumpkin was found for the frist time on Korea. The blossoms were damaged and fallen by B. scutellata which were 53.8% of male flower and 30.7% of female flower in the 6 pumpkins. The pumpkin flowers were damaged 51.9% by B. scutellata. Especially thc pumpkin flowers damaged were shown 72.7% (1015/1397 individuals) from August to September. The larva of B. scutellata was found from the Trichosanthes kirilowii on 24 June 2009 in Jinan-gun Jeollabuk-do.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.87 no.4
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• pp.549-556
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• 1998

To develop the effective methods of flowering stimulation, Hinoki cypress (Chamaecyparis obtusa Sieh. et Zuec.) grafts growing in a seed orchard and in a clone bank in Southern Breeding Station of Cheju were applied with gibberellin treatments, and predicted the seed production potential. In the seed orchard, $GA_{4/7}$ 1.5cc was injected into the stem of drafts and sprayed whale tree crown with $GA_3$ 300ppm and $GA_{4/7}$ 300ppm. Un the other hand, in the clonal archives, drafts were given intrusion of $GA_{4/7}$ 1.5cc into the excised and open inner part of bark wind $GA_3$ 20mg and sprayed with $GA_3$ 300ppm. Additionally, grafts growing in the seed orchard were treated with gibberellins at 3 different periods of time and 3 different treatments during the growing season. The results obtained here are summarized as follows : 1. All of the applications of Gilbberellin promoted female flower formation. Among these, the treatment of intrusion of $GA_{4/7}$ 1.5cc into the excised and open inner part of bark was racist effective, followed by the spraying of $GA_3$ 300ppm. Similarly, the applications of gibberellin promoted male flower formation. 2. Regarding the time of applications, treatment on August 15 was more effective than those of August 31 and September 11 in the stimulation of female flowers. On the contrary, there was no significant difference in the number of male flowers among 3 different time treatments. 3. It was supposed that the application of the intrusion of $GA_{4/7}$ 1.5cc into the excised and open inner part of bark on August 15 showing the best effect in female flower formation can produce 22.12kg seeds per ha. 4. Considerable significant difference existed among clones for both female and male flower formations. 5. Flower formation, especially female flower formation, seemed to be partially associated with the genetic potential of individual trees.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.467-472
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• 2013

Twenty and 16 accessions of the countrywide weedy melon (Cucumis melo var. agrestis) collections were evaluated in 1986 and 1990, respectively. There was a good variation in the plant height and their leaves were small in general. In sex expression, 30 of the accessions were andromonoecious, 4 were monoecious and 2 were hermaphrodite. Female flower set on main stems was extremely rare except for on hermaphrodite. On andromonoecious and monoecious plants, abundant female flowers set at the 1st and 2nd node of branch vines. Bitter taste was found in the young fruits of all the accessions tested. Mature fruits were dark yellow, yellow, light yellow or milky white in color, small in size, and very low in sweet taste. The number of seeds per fruit varied from 50.6 to 158.4 showing the characteristics of wild species for perpetuation in wild.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.495-500
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• 2001

Seed germination, seedling growth, plant establishment after transplanting, set of female flowers, and subsequent fruit growth were examined in cucumbers grown in soils having varying electrical conductivities (EC) of $1.0-5.0dS{\cdot}m^{-1}$ adjusted by adding different amount of a commercial compound fertilizer (N : $P_2O_5$ : $K_2O$ = 21 : 17 : 17). Slower seed germination was recorded in soils having EC value of $3.0dS{\cdot}m^{-1}$ or higher and little or no germination took place in soils with EC $4.0dS{\cdot}m^{-1}$ until 8 days after sowing. Suppression of seedling growth was apparent in soils having EC level of $2.5dS{\cdot}m^{-1}$. All seedlings died eventually at EC level of $3.5dS{\cdot}m^{-1}$. Leaf color became progressively dark green with the increase in EC from 1.0 to $3.0dS{\cdot}m^{-1}$. The first female flower was formed at higher node and the number of days required for the first flowering of female flower increased with the increase in EC values up to $3.0dS{\cdot}m^{-1}$. Occasionally, leaf yellowing and self-topping symptoms appeared in plants grown in soils having EC level of $3.0dS{\cdot}m^{-1}$.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.223-226
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• 2006

This study was conducted to select proper varieties of cucumber by comparing growth and yield in retarding cultivation under hydroponic culture. Number of leaves appeared to be the highest Chungjangoi and the lowest in Heukjinjuoi. Heukjinjuoi showed higher vegetative growth rate. Heukjinjuoi showed the highest number of female flowers while Chungjangoi the lowest. The ratio of female flower was the highest in Heukjinjuoi and the lowest in Chungjangoi. Abortion of female flower appeared to be the highest in Heukjinjuoi and the lowest with 0% in Chungjangoi. There was no significant difference in yield between treatments of removal and not-removal of lateral buds.