• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.135-147
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to analyze clothes-wearing of Chinese female university students in Hangzhou. By random sampling, a total of 183 Chinese female students in Hangzhou aged between 17 and 24 were used into data analysis from November 20, 2010 to January 20, 2011. The questionnaires consisted of 36 questions in total. The results were as follows : According to the result of the purpose of wearing clothes in winter, it was found that many female students wore clothes for a "protection purpose" or "ornamental purpose" in winter. As for the question about whether or not underwear was worn in winter, Chinese students answered that more upper underwear was worn than lower underwear. As for the question about the types of outer garments, Chinese students answered that they wore 3-layered upper garments in winter most. The upper garments worn in winter preferred most was long coat(68.3%). In the survey on the types of accessories, More Chinese students wore mufflers and gloves while less students wore hats and earmuffs.

• Journal of East-West Nursing Research
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.125-131
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• 2011

Purpose: In an attempt to investigate causes of runaway impulse in male and female students with runaway impulse experience in high schools, this study was carried out. Methods: The subjects were 195 high school students in Gyeonggi and Incheon area. The data were collected by using the questionnaires. Results: To both male and female students, the main causes of runaway impulse were 'conflicts with parents', 'interference and excessive expectations of parents' and 'burden of study and grades'. In cases of youth with runaway experience by runaway impulse, the major causes of runaway impulse were 'want to have fun with friends' and 'conflicts with parents'. Also shelter and economic difficulties were obstacles that prevent a runaway despite runaway impulse to both male and female students. But in female, the fear and anxiety about runaway were higher barriers than those of male. Conclusion: From the above results, major causes of runaway impulses were relationships with parents, and burden of study. And barriers to prevent a runaway were shelter, economic difficulties to both male and female students.

• Journal of the Korean Dietetic Association
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.95-104
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• 2005

Customer satisfaction concerning foodservice quality characteristics were evaluated by using importance performance analysis(IPA) techniques in middle school foodsevice operations. One hundred students from each of 17 middle schools in Gangwon province were surveyed by self-developed questionnaire. Total of 1,675 questionnaires(female 943 and male 732 respectively) were collected and data were analyzed using SAS program. The results of this study are summarized as follows: 1.The male and female students scored the importance level as 3.99 and 4.03 out of 5 respectively, which means 'important' The performance level of female(2.71) was significantly lower than male(2.86) which means 'between bad and so-so'. it is suggested that the statistical analysis should be conducted respectively according to gender. And there is no performance level over 4(good). 2. Dissatisfied quality attributes identified were convenience of dinning room and the managerial attitude of dissatisfaction in the female and male students. 3. Satisfied quality attributes identified were hygiene of food and dinning room and spoon and cup and drinking water table and distribution process, taste of food, variety of food in the female and male students. 4. The performance scores of lower price(less than 1500 won) lunch group was higher than higher price(more than 1800 won) lunch group in the female and male students.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.17
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• pp.7235-7239
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• 2014

Cervical cancer, the third commonest cancer in women worldwide, can be prevented through early detection by cervical screening (Pap smear). The aim of this study was to investigate the attitudes and practice of cervical cancer screening among female undergraduate university students from 25 low, middle income and emerging economy countries. Using anonymous questionnaires, data were collected from 9,194 female undergraduate university students aged 18-26 years (mean age 20.9, SD=2.0) from 26 universities in 25 countries across Asia, Africa and the Americas. Overall, 11.6% of the female students indicated that they had conducted one or more times a cervical (Pap) smear test; 8.3% among 18-20 year-olds and 15.6% among 21-26 year-old students. There was considerable country variation on having had a cervical (Pap) smear test among 21-26 year-old female university students, ranging from 59.2% in Colombia and 50.9% in Barbados to 0% in India and 1.0% in Tunesia. Logistic regression showed that cervical cancer screening importance or positive attitude were highly associated with the cervical screening practice. Moreover, risky sexual behaviour and tobacco use, two cervical cancer risk factors, were associated with screening. Cervical cancer screening practices were found to be inadequate and e fforts should be made to develop programmes that can increase the uptake of cervical cancer screening.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.329-337
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• 2020

Purpose: This study investigated intentions and attitudes towards future parenthood and awareness of fertility among university students in South Korea. Methods: The participants comprised 166 female and male undergraduate students enrolled at five universities. A cross-sectional survey was conducted from May to July 2019 using the Korean version of the Fertility Awareness Questionnaire and Attitudes of Parenthood. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics based on participants' general characteristics, the χ² test to identify differences in intentions, and the t-test to evaluate attitudes towards parenthood and awareness of fertility in female and male students. Results: Both female and male students desired to have two children, but they lacked awareness about fertility. The possibility of combining work and having children, along with the availability of childcare resources, impacted the desire for parenthood. Male students tended to consider parenthood as less impactful on their lives and careers than female students. Social structures might also impact the decision to have children. Conclusion: It is important to provide health education emphasizing fertility awareness and parenthood in young adulthood so participants can consider these facts in advance. In addition, the government should provide resources for couples making parenthood decisions.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.85-94
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• 1984

The purpose of this study was to see if a relationship existed between the level of modesty in clothing ana clothing values of male and female university students. The difference between sex was also investigated. A questionnaire composed of Engelbrecht's 'Modesty in relation to women's dress' and Creekmore's 'Measure of eight clothing values' was administerd to 1, 100 students and the data from 888 respondents (466 male, 422 female) was analyzed by t-tests. findings were as follows : 1. There was no significant difference between male and female in the level of modesty in clothing. 2. Each score of sensory, economic. social, theoretical, and religious clothing value of male students was significantly high and exploratory, aesthetic and politicalclothing value score of female students was significantly high at the .005 level of confidence. 3. Each score of sensory economic, theoretical and religious clothing value was significantly high in Modest group and exploratory, aesthetic and political clothing value in Immodest group was significantly high at .005 level of confidence.

• Journal of East-West Nursing Research
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.54-59
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• 2008

Purpose: To investigate self-esteem according to differences between real and ideal Body Mass Index (BMI) in female college students. Methods: Subjects were 587 female students in Korea. Data was collected by using a developed questionnaire through pretesting. Results: Actual number (46.7%) and actual number (5.1%) of participants were defined as being underweight and overweight, respectively. Nearly all participants expression high dissatisfaction with their body shape. Averages of 1.02, 2.97, 7.81 were revealed for underweight, normal weight and overweight group differences between real and ideal BMI. Those who were defined as overweight exhibited significantly self-esteem than those who were defined as underweight. Conclusions: The belief that body shape is heavier than actually the case may be prevalent among female college students in Korea. This difference between the real and ideal BMI negatively influences self-esteem. Programs aimed at improving body image awareness an self-esteem among female college students are needed.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.1719-1724
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• 2015

Background: Breast and cervical cancers are the most common types of cancer in women worldwide. Previous studies in Asia have shown that related knowledge and awareness is low among female university students. The goal of this study was to assess breast and cervical cancer knowledge, practices, and awareness among female university students in Samsun,Turkey. Materials and Methods: This research was a cross-sectional survey of female university students using a self-administered. questionnaire to investigate participant awareness and knowledge of breast and cervical cancer. A total of 301 female university students participated. Descriptive statistics and chi square tests were used for data analysis. Results: The mean age of the participants in this study was $22.0{\pm}5.91$ years. Regarding family history, 89.7 % of the students had no known familial history of breast cancer. Students (65.4%) had knowledge about breast self examination and 52.2 % of them had performed breast self examinationm while 55.1% of them had knowledge about prevention of cervical cancer. Conclusions: Although the results are preliminary, the study points to an insufficient knowledge of university students in Samsun about breast and cervical cancer.

• The Journal of Korean Society for School & Community Health Education
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.71-89
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• 2011

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to identify risk behavior related to the school accident between male and female elementary school students. Methods: 838 School accident data provided by Seoul School Safety Council were analyzed by gender. Based on the results above, survey questionnaires on characteristics of school accident were developed. Self-reported data were collected from a sample population of 433 students in grade 5 to 6 students attending 4 elementary schools in Seoul. Results: The students who answered they experienced the accident in school for the past 1 year, accounts 60.5% of male and 39.5% of females students, which has statistically significant difference. The male's cases happened most around corridor/door, while female's cases happened most in the playground/gymnasium. As for the accident risk behavior, male students had the risk behavior by using the personal belongings/toys, while the female students had much risk behavior related to physical facility/playground. When classifying the characteristics of risk behaviors according to the accident causes, male students showed higher score in the accident risk behaviors related to play/fight than in those of the female students(p<0.05). Conclusions: Health care providers should develop school safety programs by characteristics of risk behavior between male and female elementary school students.

• Journal of Engineering Education Research
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.34-45
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• 2008

The present study is designed to explore psychological correlates of career barrier of female college students in engineering fields by investigating psychological characteristics of female students and by comparing them with those of male students. For these ends 1,968 female and male students in 8 universities nation-wide completed the questionnaire which includes the measures for self career aspiration, self-efficacy, satisfaction and expectation in engineering career. The results of our study revealed female students scored significantly lower than male students in all of these variables. In addition, the developmental patterns of female and male students differ significantly; Male students aspiration, self-efficacy, expectation and satisfaction increased with the school experience whereas those of female students did not show any change or decrease. The results call for the intervention to improve the psychological vulnerability of female students in engineering field.