• 공업화학
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.440-448
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• 2005

폐 유리병을 비롯한 폐 유리들을 대상으로 이들을 세척 또는 불순물의 분리 등 전처리를 하지 않고 건축용 단열재로서 발포유리 제조를 위한 원료로서의 적용 가능성 여부를 타진하기 위하여 폐 병유리, 폐판유리 및 LCD 유리 등의 물리화학적 특성을 조사하였다. 이를 위해서 폐 유리의 화학적 성분 분석, 열분석, 결정학적 분석, 점성, 유변학적 분석을 시행하였으며 이 결과를 바탕으로 정성적인 발포유리 제조도 시도하였다. 모든 분석 및 검토의 결과 및 폐 유리병 및 판유리는 발포유리의 제조 원료로서 충분한 사용가능성을 보여 주었다.

• 유기물자원화
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.65-71
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• 1999

본 연구는 잔반을 가축의 사료로 이용하기 위하여 Aspergillus와 Bacillus가 주요 미생물인 접종물을 이용하여 50kg 용량의 발효장치에서 발효시킨 잔반사료의 사료적 가치를 조사하기 위하여 시판 흰쥐사료와 10% 및 20% 대체하여 처리당 세번 반복 반복당 4마리씩 총 36마리의 흰쥐를 완전임의 배치법에 의하여 배치한 후 증체량, 사료섭취량, 사료요구율 및 소화율을 측정하였다. 발효전 잔반의 조성분 함량은 건물 19.0%. 조회분 18.0%, 조단백질 21.7%, 조섬유 18.1% 및 조지방 15.4%였고 제조된 잔반사료의 화학적 조성은 건물 88.5%. 조회분 13.0%, 조단백질 20.8%, 조섬유 13.6% 및 조지방 9.2% 였다. 생체중은 실험 개시 1주 후에는 잔반사료 급여량이 증가할수록 낮게 나타났으나(p<.05), 2주 및 3주 후에는 20% 대체구가 대조구 및 10% 대체구에 비하여 약 82%의 생체중을 나타냈다(p<.05).증체량은 실험개시 후1주 동안 10% 및 20% 대체구가 대조구보다 각각 27.5%와 47.3% 낮은 증체량을 나타냈으며(p<.05), 1주에서 2주 사이에는 10% 대체구가 다른 처리구보다 높았으나(p<.05), 2주에서 3주 사이에는 20% 대체구의 증체량이 다른 처리구보다 낮게 나타났다(p<.05). 총 증체량은 대조구와 10% 대체구는 차이가 없었으나 20% 대체구는 다른 처리구에 비하여 약 24% 낮은 증체량을 나타냈다(p<.05). 사료 섭취량은 실험 후 1주 동안은 대조구에 비하여 20% 대체구가 낮았으나(p<.05), 2주에서 3주 동안에는 잔반사료 대체수준이 높을수록 사료 섭취량이 증가하는 경향을 나타냈으며(p<.05), 총 사료 섭취량은 잔반사료 20% 대체구가 대조구에 비하여 높게 나타났다(P<.05). 사료 요구율은 처음 1주 동안은 잔반사료 대체수준이 증가할수록 높았으나(p<.05), 실험후 2주 및 3주째 까지는 20% 대체구가 대조구에 비하여 높았다(p<.05). 실험사료의 건물 소화율(%)은 대조구와 잔반사료 10% 대체구에 비하여 20% 대체구가 낮게 나타났으며 (p<.05), 유기물 소화율(%)은 대조구가 잔반사료 20% 대체구에 비하여 높게 나타났다(p<.05).

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• 제26권5호
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• pp.355-365
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• 2023

The Pacific abalone, Haliotis discus hannai, is a highly valued and industrially important aquaculture species with growing demands of the expanding abalone aquaculture industry. To explore the feasibility of using the brown alga, Sargassum horneri, as a potential substitute for abalone feed, it is important to identify the feed preference and attractant effect of S. horneri on Pacific abalone. Our experiments indicated that the feeding-associated movement of abalone could be detected using a video tracking system under indirect illumination with dim red light. To further analyze the attraction potentials of various test materials, preference analysis was performed using Avicel-coated glass plates with ground powders of various seaweeds (e.g., S. horneri, Saccharina japonica, and Undaria pinnatifida) and commercial abalone feed, together with coffee waste. Heat map analysis indicated greater attraction by the kelp S. japonica than by S. horneri and commercial feed, which showed similar preference levels. Feeding preference based on the area of Avicel eaten by abalone showed a significant preference for U. pinnatifida over S. horneri (feeding area: 68.6 ± 20.1% vs. 37.5 ± 22.4%, p < 0.05). Additionally, the feeding area was significantly greater for plates with S. japonica than for plates with S. horneri (44.0 ± 16.6% vs. 22.6 ± 15.4%, p < 0.05). There was no significant difference in feeding area between commercial feed and S. horneri (31.7 ± 11.6% vs. 31.6 ± 20.2%, p > 0.05). The methanol extracts attracted abalone in the following order: U. pinnatifida > S. horneri > S. japonica > commercial feed > coffee waste. To determine the attractive effects of the components of methanol extracts, mixtures of methanol extracts of commercial feed with increasing amounts of S. horneri were examined. The results showed a significant increase in feeding preference upon addition of S. horneri up to 50% and 75%, suggesting its potential for use as an appetite-enhancing feed additive. This study identified conditions that can be successfully used to monitor the movement of Pacific abalone; the results of preference analysis confirmed that abalone exhibited similar attraction and feeding preference for S. horneri, compared with commercial feed.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회지:지하수토양환경
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.52-63
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• 2005

근래 우리나라에는 음식물류 폐기물 등 유기성 폐기물과 관련하여 두 가지 주요한 정책이 추진되었다 하나는 1995 년에 전면 시행된 폐기물 종량제이고 또 하나는 폐기물관리법에 의한 유기성폐기물의 매립금지 조치이다. 이 두 정책의 시행으로 유기성폐기물의 발생원 감량과 퇴비화 및 사료화 등 재활용 기술의 발전이라는 긍정적인 효과를 거 두고 있으나 다른 한편으로는 법률적, 재활용의 하부구조, 기술적 측면에서 음식물류 폐기물 정책을 추진하는데 걸림돌로 작용하는 잠재된 문제점도 공존하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 음식물류 폐기물 자원화 정책의 문제점을 살펴보고 이에 대한 개선방안을 제시하고자 한다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.642-650
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• 1999

Options available for utilization of animal wastes include sources of plant nutrients, feed ingredients for farm animals, substrate for methane generation, and substrate for microbial and insect protein synthesis. The wastes have the most economic value for use as animal feed. Performance of animals fed diets containing animal wastes is similar to that of animals fed conventional diets. Processing of animal wastes to be used as animal feed is necessary for destruction of pathogens, improvement of handling and storage characteristics, and maintenance or enhancement of palatability. Feeding of animal waste has not adversely affected the quality and taste of animal products. In the USA copper toxicity has been reported in sheep fed high-copper poultry litter, but this is not a serious problem with cattle. Potential pathogenic microorganisms in animal wastes are destroyed by processing such as heat treatment, ensiling and deep stacking. Incidents of botulism, caused by Clostridium botulinum, have been reported in cattle in some countries, and this problem was caused by the presence of poultry carcasses in litter. This problem has not occurred in the USA. With appropriate withdrawal, heavy metal, pesticide or medicinal drug accumulation in edible tissues of animals fed animal wastes is not a problem. Feeding of animal wastes is regulated by individual states in the USA. The practice is regulated in Canada, also. With good management, animal wastes can be used safely as animal feed.

• Environmental Engineering Research
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.89-94
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• 2012

Pyrolysis/gasification technology utilizes an energy conversion technique from various waste resources, such as biomass, solid waste, sewage sludge, and etc. to generating a syngas (synthesis gas). However, one of the major problems for the pyrolysis gasification is the presence of tar in the product gas. The tar produced might cause damages and operating problems on the facility. In this study, a gliding arc plasma reformer was developed to solve the previously acknowledged issues. An experiment was conducted using surrogate benzene and naphthalene, which are generated during the pyrolysis and/or gasification, as the representative tar substance. To identify the characteristics of the influential parameters of tar decomposition, tests were performed on the steam feed amount (steam/carbon ratio), input discharge power (specific energy input, SEI), total feed gas amount and the input tar concentration. In benzene, the optimal operating conditions of the gliding arc plasma 2 in steam to carbon (S/C) ratio, 0.98 $kWh/m^3$ in SEI, 14 L/min in total gas feed rate and 3.6% in benzene concentration. In naphthalene, 2.5 in S/C ratio, 1 $kWh/m^3$ in SEI, 18.4 L/min in total gas feed rate and 1% in naphthalene concentration. The benzene decomposition efficiency was 95%, and the energy efficiency was 120 g/kWh. The naphthalene decomposition efficiency was 79%, and the energy yield was 68 g/kWh.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제18권6호
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• pp.825-834
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• 2005

Two experiments were conducted with growing crossbred Super-Meat ducks at the experimental duck farm of Cantho University to evaluate the effects of reducing the proportion of soybean meal (SBM) in a broken rice (BR)-SBM mixture and providing soya waste (SW) ad libitum (Expt. 1), and reducing the proportion of fish meal (FM) in a BR-FM mixture and supplying ensiled shrimp waste (ESW) ad libitum (Expt.2). Both experiments included five treatments, with three replicates and ten growing ducks per replicate. In Expt.1, the five diets were based on BR and five levels of SBM, with SW offered ad libitum. The control diet (SBM25) consisted of 75% BR and 25% SBM, and the other four treatments included SBM levels of 20% (SBM20), 14% (SBM14), 8% (SBM8) and 0% (SBM0) mixed with BR to 100%, and with SW ad libitum. In Expt. 2, the control diet consisted of 86% BR and 14% FM, and the other dietary treatments had FM levels of 11% (FM11), 8% (FM8), 4% (FM4) and 0% (FM0) mixed with BR, and with ESW ad libitum. In Expt. 1, total intakes of dry matter (DM), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF) and metabolizable energy (ME) were higher for birds given SW (p<0.001). Total CP intake was highest on the SBM20 diet, and lowest on the SBM0 diet (p<0.001). Lower daily gain (DG) was found for the SBM0 diet (p<0.01). Carcass weights were higher on the control treatment, with the lowest values on the SBM0 diet (p<0.001). Gizzard weights were higher on diets with high intakes of SW (p<0.05). In Expt. 2, birds with high intakes of ESW (FM4 and FM0) had lower (p<0.01) daily intakes of DM. The total CP intakes declined (p<0.001) with higher intakes of ESW. The highest DG were for the control and FM11 diets, while the lowest value was for diet FM0 (p<0.001). The poorest feed conversion ratio (FCR) was for the FM0 treatment (p<0.01). Lower weights of carcass and breast muscle were found on the FM0 diet (p<0.001). Feed costs per kg gain were only slightly different between diets. However, the lowest feed cost was for ducks on the SBM0 and FM11 diets in Expt.1 and Expt. 2, respectively.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국신재생에너지학회 2007년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.717-720
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• 2007

The 3 ton/day-scale pilot plant consists of compressor, feed channel, fixed bed type gasification & melting furnace, quench scrubber, demister, flare stack and gas engine. Syngas composition of gasification using the 35.50(waste I), 4.34%(wasteII) moisture-containing solid waste showed waste I CO 25-35%, 20-40% hydrogen, waste II 25-35%, 20-30% hydrogen. Gasification melting furnace was operated $1,500{\sim}1,600^{\cdot}C$. Gas engine was generated $35{\sim}40$ kW as waste gasification syngas.

• 공업화학
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.266-272
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• 2009

폐 LCD유리를 대상으로 발포유리제조용의 원료로 적용가능성 여부를 타진하기 위해서 폐 LCD유리의 물리화학적 특성을 조사하였다. 이를 위해서 폐 LCD유리의 화학적 성분분석, 시차열분석, 고온에서 점도 조사를 통한 유변학적 검토, 열팽창계수 등을 조사하였으며, 아울러 괴상 형태와 구상 형태의 발포체 제조 실험도 시도하였다. 모든 검토 결과 폐 LCD유리는 발포유리의 제조 원료로서 충분히 사용 가능하며, 발포화 공정은 폐 LCD유리의 효과적인 재활용방안이 될 수 있음을 보여주었다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.175-179
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• 1996

Twelve indigenous(desi) growing male calves of 9-12 months of age($95.3{\pm}12.6kg$) were divided into 4 groups having 3 animals in each group. Each group of calves received 1 kg fresh concentrate mixtures where tea waste was supplemented as 0($T_0$), 50($T_1$), 100($T_2$) and 150($T_3$) g $d^{-1}$ with the replacement of equal amount of concentrate mixtures. In addition, each calf received ad libitum chopped rice straw and 2 kg green grass a day. Dry matter intake increased by offering higher levels of tea waste except in the treatment $T_3$. Daily gain(g $d^{-1}$) was comparatively higher in $T_2$ group(314.6g) compared to other treatments. Feed efficiency(kg DM $kg^{-1}$ gain) was also higher in $T_2$ group(9.9) where feed cost $kg^{-1}$ gain was also comparatively lower(Tk. 25.7) than the other treatments. Dry matter and CP digestibility increased with the increase in supplementation of tea wastes except in the treatment $T_3$.