• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.32 no.5
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• pp.447-454
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• 2015

Design and application of hardware-in-the-loop simulation (HILS) for design of CNC-controlled machine tool feed drives is discussed. The CNC machine tool is a complex mechatronics system where the complexity results from the software-based controller composed of a variety of functionalities and advanced control algorithms. Therefore, using a real CNC controller in the control simulation has merits considering the efforts and accuracy of the simulation modeling. In this paper challenges in HILS for a CNC controlled feed drive, such as minimization of time delay and transmission error that are caused by discretization of the feed drive model, is elaborated. Using an experimental HILS setup of a machine tool feed drive applications in controller gain selection and CNC diagnostics are presented.

• Journal of odor and indoor environment
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.389-395
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• 2018

The odor substances generated in a feed manufactory operating for the commercialization of animal-vegetable materials were analyzed and the odor reduction efficiency by a chemical scrubber was evaluated. The major causative substances in the feed manufactory comprised about 45.4% of ketone compounds and about 13.3% of aldehyde compounds. On the other hand, the removal efficiencies of diacetyl and acetoin as ketone compounds were 77.3% and 78.1%, respectively, by a chemical scrubber. Additionally, the removal efficiencies of acetaldehyde, butyraldehyde, valeraldehyde, 2-furancarboxaldehyde, and nonanal were 86.0%, 78.9%, 67.4%, 52.8%, and 71.9%, respectively. These rates were higher than the odor generation substance contribution rate as a result of treating the exhaust gas generated from the feed manufactory by the chemical scrubber using 5% of C3. It was also found that xylene, methylcyclopentane, benzene, ethylbenzene, 1,3,5-trimethylbenzene, and decane were almost not removed.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.614-619
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• 2010

We proposed perfect recycling method of sea waste. The sea waste(rotten sea fish, rotten shell fish etc.) have bad smell and generate waste water, so these waste materials must be treated quickly. If we use speedy dryer, these sea waste can be changed to useful feed and liquid composts. Also this study relates to a method for drying a variety of untreated waste materials in a hermetically sealed state, and subsequently carbonizing the dried waste materials under a reduced pressure, thereby achieving a more stable and economical treatment for the waste materials, and an apparatus for performing the method. This effects of preventing generation of contaminants and environmental pollution while reducing fuel costs, and a carbide, obtained via the drying and carbonization of the waste material, are available into feed for poultry. The condensate water can be used to deodorants.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.27 no.7
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• pp.79-86
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• 2010

The environment-friendly abrasive materials of starch series has a wide range of application value such as deburring of plastic injection products, paint exfoliation and surface treatment of painted products and polishing, etc. In this study, an experiment of paint exfoliation was performed by using the environment-friendly abrasive materials made of cheap starch, and its performance was reviewed. By adjusting the grit size of abrasive materials, nozzle pressure, nozzle feed and number of nozzle repetition, paint could be exfoliated effectively. In this experiment, it was found that the most suitable condition was grit size 0.75~1.0 mm, nozzle pressure 0.4 MPa, nozzle feed 5 mm/min and number of processing repetition 2 times.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.54 no.11
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• pp.4209-4214
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• 2022

Precise modelling of the interaction of ions with materials is important for many applications including material characterization, ion implantation in devices, thermonuclear fusion, hadron therapy, secondary particle production (e.g. neutron), etc. In this study, a new approach using the Geant4 toolkit in combination with the Bayesian regularization (BR) learning algorithm of the feed-forward neural network (FFNN) is developed to estimate the range of ions in materials accurately and quickly. The different incident ions at different energies are interacted with the target materials. The Geant4 is utilized to model the interactions and to calculate the range of the ions. Afterward, the appropriate architecture of the FFNN-BR with the relevant input features is utilized to learn the modelled ranges and to estimate the new ranges for the new cases. The notable achievements of the proposed approach are: 1- The range of ions in different materials is given as quickly as possible and the time required for estimating the ranges can be neglected (i.e. less than 0.01 s by a typical personal computer). 2- The proposed approach can generalize its ability for estimating the new untrained cases. 3- There is no need for a pre-made lookup table for the estimation of the range values.

• Korean Journal of Materials Research
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• v.25 no.9
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• pp.442-449
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• 2015

The effects of coating parameters were investigated in wear resistance coatings of Diamalloy-406 on Inconel 718 to obtain an optimum coating condition by high velocity oxy-fuel spraying. The coating parameters, the flow rates of source gases (hydrogen and oxygen), the powder feed rate, and the spray distance, were designed by the Taguchi method. The optimal conditions were determined: oxygen flow rate 34 FRM, hydrogen flow rate 57 FRM, powder feed rate 35 g/min, and spray distance 7 inch. Friction coefficients of the coating and the substrate decreased with an increasing sliding surface temperature from $25^{\circ}C$ to $450^{\circ}C$. The friction coefficient of Diamalloy-4006 coating decreased as the sliding surface temperature increased from $0.43{\pm}0.01$ at $25^{\circ}C$ to $0.29{\pm}0.01$ at $450^{\circ}C$. The wear trace and wear depth of the coating were smaller than the substrate at all temperatures tested. The relationship between spray parameters and wear resistance was discussed extensively, based on the measured roughness, hardness, and porosity in each coating.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.32-40
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• 2021

Monitoring fish movement is important to understand how physiology adapts to environmental change. To explore the applicability of a video tracking system for determining if chemical cues attract or repel aquatic animals, the movement patterns of rock bream, Oplegnathus fasciatus, were analyzed upon exposure to various materials, including extracts of sea urchin, rock worm, bait worm, krill, barley kernel, and commercial fish feed. Pellets were prepared by mixing freeze-dried tissues with a cellulose and corn flour mixture. Behavioral analysis was carried out with five fish that had been acclimated in the adaptation zone of a Y-shaped tank. Preference toward chemical cues was quantified by assessing the frequency rock bream were observed in a discrete zone around the test material located at the end of each arm and the duration each fish stayed in each zone. The analysis of fish movement upon exposure to commercial feed and barley kernel at each end, respectively, indicated a clear preference toward the feed relative to the barley kernel. Movement responses were further tested with pellets containing extracts of sea urchin, one of the species collected on a large scale, and other materials including krill and worms. A stronger preference toward sea urchin (100%) was observed based on the duration of stay in the test zone, compared to krill (90.1 ± 44.2%), bait worm (81.1 ± 39.1%), rock worm (73.7 ± 28.9%), and barley (63.9 ± 25.9%), under the conditions tested. A detailed comparison of rock bream movements toward each material revealed significant differences in frequency and duration, respectively, between pairs of test materials including krill (74 ± 29.8 and 375.6 ± 118.9) vs. rock worm (41.5 ± 18.7 and 160.2 ± 42.6), krill (86.3 ± 22.9 and 477.1 ± 84) vs. bait worm (36.2 ± 5.5 and 166.1 ± 50.7), and rock worm (45.9 ± 26.2 and 213.7 ± 100.1) vs. bait worm (34.6 ± 21.7 and 159.5 ± 98.5). Rock bream exhibited preference for the test materials in the following order: commercial fish feed > sea urchin > krill > rock worm > bait worm > barley. The results suggest a higher potency of sea urchin extract as a rock bream fishing bait compared to the other materials that are used as commercial bait.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.410-416
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• 2010

Methane emitted from ruminant livestock is regarded as a loss of feed energy and also a contributor to global warming. Methane is synthesized in the rumen as one of the hydrogen sink products that are unavoidable for efficient succession of anaerobic microbial fermentation. Various attempts have been made to reduce methane emission, mainly through rumen microbial manipulation, by the use of agents including chemicals, antibiotics and natural products such as oils, fatty acids and plant extracts. A newer approach is the development of vaccines against methanogenic bacteria. While ionophore antibiotics have been widely used due to their efficacy and affordable prices, the use of alternative natural materials is becoming more attractive due to health concerns regarding antibiotics. An important feature of a natural material that constitutes a possible alternative methane inhibitor is that the material does not reduce feed intake or digestibility but does enhance propionate that is the major hydrogen sink alternative to methane. Some implications of these approaches, as well as an introduction to antibiotic-alternative natural materials and novel approaches, are provided.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Process Engineers
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.28-35
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• 2013

Micro electrical discharge machining (EDM) as a non-contact machining process is very effective for micromachining with a thin electrode because of its low machining reaction force. The micro-electrode machining device has the advantage of maintaining high precision through the whole processes and uses a feeding wire in the thin electrode tool manufacturing process. This study describes the design and evaluation of a micro-electrode machining device using optical photo-interrupter. The electrode was fabricated by reverse electrical discharge machining. The performance of designed system was evaluated to measure tension force according to feed speed of wire. This system for micro electrode fabrication proves the feasibility in the micro-EDM process of the micro holes and parts for industrial applications.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 1997.10a
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• pp.851-856
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• 1997

This study is on the estimation of the tool temperature for different tool nose radius and cutting conditions in turning. The experiment has been performed in different cutting conditions such as cutting speed, feed rate, and depth of cut for the tool nose radius, 0.4R, 0.8R using SMC workpiece materials. Tool temperature is measured using thermo-couple which is embedded in the insert tip. Using a multiple linear regression method, the tool temperature can be determined as an exponential equation with cutting variables and tool nose diameters for different tool materials. The equations determined in this study show a good correlation for the cutting conditions and can be used for the tool temperature estimation. The result indicates that the tool temperature decreases for ~ncreasing the tool nose radius in general. Also, nose radius hardly influences on the tool temperature compared with cutting speed, feed rate and depth of cut.