• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.16 no.9
• /
• pp.6432-6438
• /
• 2015

In this paper, we analyzed by measuring the temperature and humidity inside of the Feed Bin, NV, EA, SA, $SA{\cdot}EA$, by applying the ventilation system offers an efficient management of the operating direction. In the period the target is not input and feed period to make a change in the Feed Bin within the temperature and humidity of the outdoor air temperature and relative humidity compared to accept the ventilation system. Internal temperature over a comparison of the external temperature and the relative humidity is $SA{\cdot}EA$, internal humidity can verify the efficiency and NV, SA ventilation applied.

• Feed Journal
• /
• v.5 no.12 s.52
• /
• pp.86-93
• /
• 2007

• KOREAN POULTRY JOURNAL
• /
• v.19 no.3 s.209
• /
• pp.54-56
• /
• 1987

사료공장에서 생산한 사료를 휘드빈에 보관하게 되는데 자칫 보관이 소홀하면 변패한 사료급여로 경영적 손실을 초래한다. 중요하면서도 소홀히 다루고 있는 Bin의 위생관리 요령을 체크해본다.

• KOREAN POULTRY JOURNAL
• /
• v.14 s.150
• /
• pp.118-121
• /
• 1982

• KOREAN POULTRY JOURNAL
• /
• v.15 s.169
• /
• pp.126-131
• /
• 1983

`FRP FEED BIN 선택시 가장 큰 문제점은 품질의 균일성, 강도, 후도, 재료의 안정성 등을 신뢰하기 어렵다는 것이며, 철판보다 3배 이상 고가라는 점이다. 또한 발암물질을 생성하는 FRP 용기도 문제가 된다.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
• /
• v.45 no.1
• /
• pp.1-15
• /
• 2018

Salmonella infections in livestock industry cause various problems such as worsening animal welfare and productivity, damaging consumer confidence in the food safety of animal products. Chicken meat and eggs are known as major source of pathogen causing human foodborne infections. Therefore food safety concerns have prompted the poultry producers and governments to introduce the strategy and regulation to control these pathogens. Salmonella can persist for long periods of time in a wide range of spaces including feed bin, feed processing facilities, poultry farm, slaughterhouse, processing plants, etc. For the effective and constant Salmonella control, combination of pre-harvest, harvest and post-harvest measures should be considered comprehensively. The control measures would be most effective at farm level where the contamination initiates. Transmission of pathogen from feed origin to the live poultry and finally to the products was proven already. To control bacteria in the feed ingredients and formula feed, thermal processing, irradiation or chemical treatment may be applied. Chemical treatments to inhibit Salmonella in the feed involve the use of products containing organic acids, formaldehyde, or a combination of such compounds. However, recontamination which might occur during storage and transport process and/or by other various factors should always be under control and eliminated. Feed additives used to control Salmonella in birds' gastrointestinal track can be of various types, including prebiotics, probiotics, organic acids and bacteriophages. Although their mode of action varies, they ultimately inhibit the colonization of Salmonella in the gut and improve the performance of birds. This review describes the strategies that could be adapted to the management of feedstuffs and the use of feed additives in pre-harvest stage to control Salmonella contamination in poultry farming.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
• /
• v.19 no.9
• /
• pp.888-897
• /
• 2009

Lipase diversity in glacier soil was assessed by culture-independent metagenomic DNA fragment screening and confirmed by cell culture experiments. A set of degenerate PCR primers specific for lipases of the hormone-sensitive lipase family was designed based on conserved motifs and used to directly PCR amplify metagenomic DNA from glacier soil. These products were used to construct a lipase fragment clone library. Among the 300 clones sequenced for the analysis, 201 clones encoding partiallipases shared 51-82% identity to known lipases in GenBank. Based on a phylogenetic analysis, five divergent clusters were established, one of which may represent a previously unidentified lipase subfamily. In the culture study, 11 lipase-producing bacteria were selectively isolated and characterized by 16S rDNA sequences. Using the above-mentioned degenerate primers, seven lipase gene fragments were cloned, but not all of them could be accounted for by the clones in the library. Two full-length lipase genes obtained by TAIL-PCR were expressed in Pichia pastoris and characterized. Both were authentic lipases with optimum temperatures of ${\le}40^{\circ}C$. Our study indicates the abundant lipase diversity in glacier soil as well as the feasibility of sequence-based screening in discovering new lipase genes from complex environmental samples.

• Journal of odor and indoor environment
• /
• v.17 no.4
• /
• pp.389-395
• /
• 2018

The odor substances generated in a feed manufactory operating for the commercialization of animal-vegetable materials were analyzed and the odor reduction efficiency by a chemical scrubber was evaluated. The major causative substances in the feed manufactory comprised about 45.4% of ketone compounds and about 13.3% of aldehyde compounds. On the other hand, the removal efficiencies of diacetyl and acetoin as ketone compounds were 77.3% and 78.1%, respectively, by a chemical scrubber. Additionally, the removal efficiencies of acetaldehyde, butyraldehyde, valeraldehyde, 2-furancarboxaldehyde, and nonanal were 86.0%, 78.9%, 67.4%, 52.8%, and 71.9%, respectively. These rates were higher than the odor generation substance contribution rate as a result of treating the exhaust gas generated from the feed manufactory by the chemical scrubber using 5% of C3. It was also found that xylene, methylcyclopentane, benzene, ethylbenzene, 1,3,5-trimethylbenzene, and decane were almost not removed.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
• /
• v.30 no.2
• /
• pp.206-215
• /
• 2020

Trichoderma reesei is the major filamentous fungus used to produce cellulase and there is huge interest in promoting its ability to produce higher titers of cellulase. Among the many factors affecting cellulase production in T. reesei, the mycelial phenotype is important but seldom studied. Herein, a close homolog of the Neurospora crassa COT1 kinase was discovered in T. reesei and designated TrCOT1, which is of 83.3% amino acid sequence identity. Functional disruption of Trcot1 in T. reesei by RNAi-mediated gene silencing resulted in retarded sporulation on potato dextrose agar and dwarfed colonies on minimal medium agar plates containing glucose, xylan, lactose, xylose, or glycerol as the sole carbon source. The representative mutant strain, SUS2/Trcot1i, also displayed reduced mycelia accumulation but hyperbranching in the MM glucose liquid medium, with hyphal growth unit length values decreased to 73.0 ㎛/tip compared to 239.8 ㎛/tip for the parent strain SUS2. The hyperbranching phenotype led to slightly but significantly increased cellulase secretion from 24 to 72 h in a batch culture. However, the cellulase production per unit of mycelial biomass was much more profoundly improved from 24 to 96 h.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
• /
• v.19 no.10
• /
• pp.1085-1091
• /
• 2009

A phytase with high activity at low temperatures has great potential for feed applications, especially in aquaculture. Therefore, this study used a degenerate PCR and TAIL PCR to clone a phytase gene from Erwinia carotovora var. carotovota, the cause of soft rot of vegetables in the ground or during cold storage. The full-length 2.5-kb fragment included an open reading frame of 1,302 bp and encoded a putative phytase of 45.3 kDa with a 50% amino acid identity to the Klebsiella pneumoniae phytase. The phytase contained the active site RHGXRXP and HD sequence motifs that are typical of histidine acid phosphatases. The enzyme was expressed in Escherichia coli, purified, and displayed the following characteristics: a high catalytic activity at low temperatures (retaining over 24% activity at $5^{\circ}C$) and remarkably thermal lability (losing >96% activity after incubation at $60^{\circ}C$ for 2 min). The optimal phytase activity occurred at pH 5.5 and ${\sim}49^{\circ}C$, and the enzyme activity rapidly decreased above $40^{\circ}C$. When compared with mesophilic counterparts, the phytase not only exhibited a high activity at a low temperature, but also had a low $K_m$ and high $k_{cat}$. These temperature characteristics and kinetic parameters are consistent with low-temperature-active enzymes. To our knowledge, this would appear to be the first report of a low-temperature-active phytase and its heterogeneous expression.