• Journal of the Korean Society of School Health
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.59-72
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• 1990

The study reserches the related contents of the health education in the existing gymnastics and the domestics textbook, catches learning-Ulaching contents by the health-control function and compares the contents with the health-education curriculum of the Texas State in America. This study is questioned and reserched the general features of the teachers who is change in the health education, their attitudes about the teaching of it, and the recognition degree about their health education. The results above is like the following. 1. Learning-teaching contents by the health-control function. The domestics and gymnastics which contains the health education contents, is not discripted continually and at the same time is short of the contents in the health-control function according to the students' individual domains. Also the recent serious problems, (that is, Smoking, Drinking and Medical poisoning, Emotion, and Psychic domains) were no mentioned. 1) In gymnastics textbook, the physical domains are mentioned 8, 9 in juinor, and senior class, the affective, psychic domains only senior class and the social domains only 1 grade except junior and senior class. Growth-development function is concentratedly stated only 1 grade in physical domains and there is no stated in. The social domains are referred a little in senior class. In cure-recovery functions, the physical domains is being taught in 2, and 3 grade, but not 1 grade. Specially, the social domains are being taught in all grade, but, the affective domains are not at all 2) In the subject of domestics, the physical domains of the daily life functions are taught in all the years, but the emotional, mental domains are taught a little in 1 and 2 grades. The growth-development functions are being taught about the nutrition-health, in the physical parts of all graries, and the emotional-mental, social domains are being taught some in 7 and 8 grade except 3 grade, he cure-recovery functions ere taught in only 1 grade, the contents of rehabilitative functions are not being taught like gymnastics. 2. The general characteristics of the health-education teachers and the health-education. In the calss field, the average age of gymnastics-teachers is from 35 to 40 years old, and it of domestics teachers is from 24 to 29 years old. 1) In the class-hours a week, the gymnastics teachers take lessons 3 hours (75.6%) and the domestics teachers 4 hours (65.6%). In "the health-lessons hours alloted"in a semister, 3 or 4 hours is 38.7% and no hours is 18.0% in gymnastics teachers. On the other hand, there is no hours to teach the health-education in domestics teachers. About the opinion: the health subject must be taught as a independent subject, 42.9% of the gymnastics teachers agreed and 45.3 % of the domestics teachers did. 2) The factors which have an influence upon the health-teachers #. In age, the class lesson hours of a week(r= .0014), the confident manner about the lessons(r= .0485) and the necessity of the lessons (r= .0316) are closely related one another. #. In sexes, the lesson hours a class(r= .0000), the alloted hours of health lesson a semister(r= .0000) the confident manner about the class(r= .0001). the quantity of lesson(r= .0001): and, the teacher's belief(r= .0264) are co-related one another. #. In subject in change. the class hours a week(r= .0000), the alloted hours of health-lesson a semister(r= .0000) the quantity of the lesson(r= .0114) are co-related each other. #. In majority, the class lesson hours a week(r= .0000) the alloted hours of health lesson a semister(r= .0000) the quantity of the lesson are co-related each other. The quantity of lesson and the confidence about the lesson (r= .3223) and the quantity of lesson and the interest of lesson (r= .2450) are co-related each other.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.11 no.5
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• pp.685-693
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• 2011

Objectives : Five years have passed since the departments of dental hygiene with four-year term released their graduates. It is necessary to investigate concordance between desired career and current job and job satisfaction in dental hygienists according to graduation term. Accordingly, a survey on concordance between desired career and current job and job satisfaction in dental hygienists according to graduation term was conducted to obtain a basis necessary for providing right job consciousness to students of departments of dental hygiene. Methods : Of departments of dental hygiene nationwide, a total of four departments consisting of two departments with 3-year term and two departments with 4-year term were randomly selected. Of 683 graduates for 2006-10 of the selected departments, 163 graduates who agreed to participate in this study through telephone and e-mail were chosen as subjects. The data of 159 graduates were analyzed except for 4 graduates who did not respond to job satisfaction. The questionnaire consisted of a total of 17 questions: 5 general questions such as graduation term, and current job and salary, 2 questions for desired career at the time of entrance and graduation, and 10 questions for the satisfaction of current job and working environments. Concordance between the desired career at the time of entrance and graduation and current job was calculated using Kappa-value. A cross analysis was conducted to investigate job satisfaction according to general features and graduation term. A statistical significance was examined using $X^2$-test (p<0.05). Results : The Kappa-value for concordance between the desired career at the time of graduation and the current job was 0.288, showing slightly low concordance. In particular, the Kappa-value was 0.089 in the graduates of departments of dental hygiene with 3-year term, which showed significantly low concordance. The job satisfaction of the graduates was 49.1%, which was higher in the graduates with 4-year term than in the graduates with 3-year term, but was statistically insignificant (p>0.05). The detailed job satisfaction was all higher in the graduates with 4-year term than in the graduates with 3-year term except for distance to a working place, but a statistical significance was only found in working place recognition and regional status (p<0.05 ). Conclusions : This study showed differences in concordance between desired career and current job and job satisfaction between the graduates of departments of dental hygiene with 3-year term and the graduates of departments of dental hygiene with 4-year term. Therefore, the curriculum of department of dental hygiene is required to be more specifically applied in accordance with graduation term. In addition, a further study is required to develop specialized curriculums in accordance with graduation term.

• Cartoon and Animation Studies
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• s.32
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• pp.63-90
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• 2013

The purpose of this study is to improve the standards for the animation education in '2011 Arts and Culture Education Standards: Cartoon and Animation'. Animation Education Standards has been developed by discussion about Arts and Culture Education, and by study of documents about animation, and by investigation about experimental recognition. And the study of domestic and foreign art education standards are reflected in these standards. These standards consist of seven categories reflecting various aspects of animation and each category is classified into five stages by age. This standard has two axes: seven categories by various aspects of animation and five stages by age, and it represents achievement requirement in animation learning. This study suggests that 'Animation Education Standards' has five features as below. First, it reflects the character of Animation as an independent subject. Second, it is studied on the basis of the framework of arts and culture education. Third, it provides basic achievement requirement, and it has no limitation in learning activities. Fourth, the achievement requirements of two or more categories can be applied simultaneously in real classroom; each category is set by themes of animation education. This study presents five methods to improve existing standard. First, independent standard for animation education must be developed. Second, categories must be established distinctly. Third, each categories and achievement requirement must reflect unique characteristic of animation. Fourth, the description of achievement requires must be systemized. Fifth, to help to adapt education standard, explanation about practical teaching and learning activities must be added. '2011 Art and Culture Education Standards: Cartoon and Animation' is important in that it is the first study that systemized animation education and presented pedagogical achievement requirements by suggesting achievement requirements for animation education by two axes -ages and categories. It will be very helpful in studying the animation education as a subject, and developing education programs, and teaching and learning in an actual class.

• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
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• v.52 no.4
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• pp.246-263
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• 2019

The stone Buddha statue of Sangunsa Temple at Bukhansan in Goyang, Gyeonggi Province, is an excellent example of stone Buddha statues created in the late 15th century. On the base of the figure, there is an inscription, which informs that it was produced in 1497. In recognition of this significance, it was recently designated as a tangible cultural asset in Gyeonggi-do. Thus, this paper tried to evaluate the value of the statue by analyzing iconography and style. The characteristics of a typical 15th-century style that the Buddha statue of Sangunsa Temple shows are the form of ushnisha, the way clothes are worn, the form of a w-shaped chest muscle, and the simple lotus pedestal. On the other hand, the elongation of the waist and the disappearance of the waistband on undergarments are new forms of Buddha statues in the 16th century. Besides, parting the hair in the middle of the head and leaf-shaped short ribbon draped on undergarments are unique features that only appear on the statue of Sangunsa Temple. Sangunsa has been known to be built in the early 18th century based on Bukanji compiled by Seongneung in 1745, and Bongeunbonmalsaji composed in 1943. However, the statue was created in the late 15th century, before the establishment of the temple in the early 18th century. Therefore, this paper briefly reviewed the history of Sangunsa Temple, focusing on the initial period, referring to the historical sites and the relics that were passed on to the temple, as well as the literature records. The data newly referred to in the study are as follows: Sangunsa Stone Pagoda, presumed to be from the Goryeo Dynasty; the Stone Buddha Statue of Sangunsa; Wooden Amita Triad Buddha Statue of Sangunsa. According to the data and contrary to previously-held beliefs, Sangunsa Temple is believed to have been operating since the Goryeo Dynasty. It can be inferred through analysis of the stone Buddha statue of Sangunsa Temple that the size of the Temple before the 18th century was not very large.

• Sijohaknonchong
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• v.44
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• pp.105-138
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• 2016

Recently with the research function, "XML Digital collection of Sijo Texts in the Period of Modern Enlightenment" DB data is being provided through the Korean Research Memory (http://www.krm.or.kr) and the foundation for the constructing the contents of Sijo Texts in the Period of Modern Enlightenment has been laid. In this paper, by reviewing the characteristics and problems of Digital collection of Sijo Texts in the Period of Modern Enlightenment and searching for the improvement, I tried to find a way to make it into the content. This database has the primary meaning in the integrating and glancing at the vast amounts of Sijo in the Period of Modern Enlightenment to reaching 12,500 pieces. In addition, it is the first Sijo data base which is provide the variety of search features according to literature, name of poet, title of work, original text, per period, and etc. However, this database has the limits to verifying the overall aspects of the Sijo in the Period of Modern Enlightenment. The title and original text, which is written in the archaic word or Chinese character, could not be searched, because the standard type text of modern language is not formatted. And also the works and the individual Sijo works released after 1945 were missing in the database. It is inconvenient to extract the datum according to the poet, because poets are marked in the various ways such as one's real name, nom de plume and etc. To solve this kind of problems and improve the utilization of the database, I proposed the providing the standard type text of modern language, giving the index terms about content, providing the information on the work format and etc. Furthermore, if the Sijo database in the Period of Modern Enlightenment which is prepared the character of the Sijo Culture Information System could be built, it could be connected with the academic, educational contents. For the specific plan, I suggested as follow, - learning support materials for the Modern history and the national territory recognition on the Modern Age - source materials for studying indigenous animals and plants characters creating the commercial characters - applicability as the Sijo learning tool such as Sijo Game.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.48 no.1
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• pp.54-66
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• 2000

Background: Pneumoconiosis, like other chronic respiratory diseases, is essentially incurable and, for many, progressive. While improved survival time is an important aim of treatment, there is growing recognition that for some people, improving the quality of life is more important than extending the length of life. Currently the measurement of the quality of life is used to assess the efficacy of therapeutic agents. Methods: Sixty-three pnemoconiotics who were admitted to St. Mary's Hospital between April and August 1999 were interviewed using COOP charts, Chronic Respiratory Questionnaire(CRQ) and Pneumoconiotic Respiratory Questionnaire(PRQ), a newly developed questionnaire concerning clinical and socioeconomic features of pneumoconiotics. Also, ILO classification of the chest film, pulmonary function test, and arterial blood gas analysis of the patients were evaluated. The scores between Industrial Accident Compensation Insurance(IACI) covered and uncovered patients and between clinically stable and unstable patients were compared. Results: Domains of CRQ and PRQ showed a high internal consistency reliability($\alpha$=0.86-0.89, 0.77-0.81) except the dyspnea domain($\alpha$=0.63) of CRQ. The scores on the CRQ and PRQ showed statistically significant correlations with the results of COOP charts, pulmonary function test and arterial blood gas analysis. The dyspnea domain and social activity domain of the PRQ showed significant difference between IACI covered and uncovered patients and between clinically stable and unstable patients. Conclusion : Korean translation of the Chronic Respiratory Questionnaire and the newly developed Pneumoconiotic Respiratory Questionnaire are reliable and valid methods and are likely to be useful in measuring the quality of life in patients with the chronic respiratory disease including pneumoconiosis.

• Journal of Gifted/Talented Education
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.21-42
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• 2006

The object of this research is to analyze the contents and amount of articles on gifted education in major daily newspapers dated January 1990 to December 2003, and to review the trend of social perception of gifted education with the passage of time. Following are the research question : 1. How many articles belonging to the same category appeared in the newspapers within the period of time covered by the study? 2. What kinds of articles appeared in the newspapers within the period of time covered by the study? To arrive at the answers to the problems mentioned above, 714 articles on gifted education. The period from 1990 to 2003 were divided into time frames of 5 years to facilitate the analysis of social consciousness regarding gifted education before and after the enforcement of the Early School Entering Law in 1995 and the Law for Promotion of Gifted Education in 2000. The researcher defined Period I as the years from 1990 to 1994, Period II from 1995 to 1999, and Period III from 2000 to 2003. The articles were classified by content which were significance and trend of gilled education, current policies on gifted education, information on gifted education, and social environment of gifted education. The results of the analysis are as follows: (1) The articles from 1990 to 2003 totalled 714. 130 articles were found within Period I, 213 within Period II, and 371 within Period III. Since the year 2000, when the Law for Promotion of gifted education was enforced, the amount of articles considerably increased. The articles on the trend of gifted education numbered 42 within Period I, 49 within Period II, and 81 within Period III, showing a huge increase in the last period. The articles on current policies numbered 56 within Period I, 77 within Period II, and 143 within Period III, numbering the most in the last period. This means that, even before the Law for Promotion of gifted education was enforced, there has been much interest in and discussion of the appropriate educational system for gifted children in preparation for the legal and institutional foundation of such system. Since the enforcement of the law, many institutions were established and the problem became an important social issue. The articles that most frequently appeared were about current policies on and status of gifted education. This category showed the largest numbers through all the three periods and on all the subjects. This subject represented 43.1% of the articles on gifted children within Period I, 36.2% within Period II, and 38.6% within Period III. As to the significance and trend of gifted education, this subject showed a decrease from 32.3% within Period I, 23% within Period II, and 21.8% within Period III. However, the articles in the category of information on gifted education gradually increased from they represented 5.4% of the articles on brilliant children within Period I, 7.5% within Period II, and 8.4% within Period III. The social environment articles showed an increase from Period I to Period II-- from 19.2% to 33.3%, but it went down to 31.3% within Period III. (2) As to articles on the trend of gifted education, there were many such articles found, mainly on researches and trends in other countries. As greater importance is accorded to gifted children and as the recognition of the necessity of providing specific education for them grows, more related studies are conducted and people try to adopt new trends from other countries. For the articles on the current policies of gifted education, most of them were about institutions. This means that many educational institutions have been established since the Law for Promotion of Gifted Education was enforced. Informative articles on gilled education were mostly about distinctive features of gifted children and how to tell who the brilliant children are. This fact shows the importance of identifying gifted children in order to educate them systemically and effectively.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.22-31
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• 2012

This study was prompted by the recognition that the tenn "Community design" has recently been used in diverse practical fields without prior discussion about its underpinnings, a potentially problematic state of affairs. Based on these problems, this study studied the special quality about the concept of community design. Community design can be discussed from two perspectives. The first views community design as a design that concerns the community, an inhabited area populated with people who have common interests, at least in part because of geographic proximity to each other. The second sees community design as a movement that started in the 1960s and places a great importance on democratic decision making, communication, and collaboration. This study will focus on the latter. This branch of community design encompasses an advocacy planning approach, in which design professionals represent deprived communities in their resistance against comprehensive redevelopment. This was associated to the wider social protest movements of the mid and late 1960s. In the 1970s, this branch of community design was developed alongside community design centers, which provided local-level technical assistance to the communities on a number of issues, such as design and planning. The discussion about community design started in earnest from the early 1980s. A review of the literature m community design reveals several characteristics. First, community design deals with the relationship between the physical environment and several aspects of a region, including the social and cultural. Second, it involves community participation, which many scholars believe is the core of community design. Specifically, community design has been characterized by increased participation and democratic debate and decision making. The Third is about communication methods. Since the 1960s, diverse methods had been developed to promote communication effectively. Finally, community design must consider the relationship between designers, who typically value aesthetics and efficiency of form, and the needs of the community with which they are working. Indeed, some scholars believe that this relationship is generally contentious, although the designer can also be thought of as the facilitator of the community's needs. As community design practice becomes more prevalent, a review of the foundation of institution and policy and the role of experts is also needed. The community design movement bas been theorized ex post facto through diverse discussion that has sought to ascribe meaning and direction to its practice. In other words, the relationship between this theory and practice is cyclical. Therefore, this study can contribute to the virtuous circle.

• Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.157-175
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• 2012

It is difficult to evaluate the performance of process innovation of e-procurement which has large scale and complex processes. The existing evaluation methods for measuring the effects of process innovation have been mainly done with statistically quantitative methods by analyzing operational data or with qualitative methods by conducting surveys and interviews. However, these methods have some limitations to evaluate the effects because the performance evaluation of e-procurement process innovation should consider the interactions among participants who are active either directly or indirectly through the processes. This study considers the e-procurement process as a complex system and develops a simulation model based on MAS(Multi-Agent System) to evaluate the effects of e-procurement process innovation. Multi-agent based simulation allows observing interaction patterns of objects in virtual world through relationship among objects and their behavioral mechanism. Agent-based simulation is suitable especially for complex business problems. In this study, we used Netlogo Version 4.1.3 as a MAS simulation tool which was developed in Northwestern University. To do this, we developed a interaction model of agents in MAS environment. We defined process agents and task agents, and assigned their behavioral characteristics. The developed simulation model was applied to G2B system (KONEPS: Korea ON-line E-Procurement System) of Public Procurement Service (PPS) in Korea and used to evaluate the innovation effects of the G2B system. KONEPS is a successfully established e-procurement system started in the year 2002. KONEPS is a representative e-Procurement system which integrates characteristics of e-commerce into government for business procurement activities. KONEPS deserves the international recognition considering the annual transaction volume of 56 billion dollars, daily exchanges of electronic documents, users consisted of 121,000 suppliers and 37,000 public organizations, and the 4.5 billion dollars of cost saving. For the simulation, we analyzed the e-procurement of process of KONEPS into eight sub processes such as 'process 1: search products and acquisition of proposal', 'process 2 : review the methods of contracts and item features', 'process 3 : a notice of bid', 'process 4 : registration and confirmation of qualification', 'process 5 : bidding', 'process 6 : a screening test', 'process 7 : contracts', and 'process 8 : invoice and payment'. For the parameter settings of the agents behavior, we collected some data from the transactional database of PPS and some information by conducting a survey. The used data for the simulation are 'participants (government organizations, local government organizations and public institutions)', 'the number of bidding per year', 'the number of total contracts', 'the number of shopping mall transactions', 'the rate of contracts between bidding and shopping mall', 'the successful bidding ratio', and the estimated time for each process. The comparison was done for the difference of time consumption between 'before the innovation (As-was)' and 'after the innovation (As-is).' The results showed that there were productivity improvements in every eight sub processes. The decrease ratio of 'average number of task processing' was 92.7% and the decrease ratio of 'average time of task processing' was 95.4% in entire processes when we use G2B system comparing to the conventional method. Also, this study found that the process innovation effect will be enhanced if the task process related to the 'contract' can be improved. This study shows the usability and possibility of using MAS in process innovation evaluation and its modeling.

• Journal of Korean Classical Literature and Education
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• no.37
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• pp.253-281
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• 2018

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the meaning of of "Nikolai Garin - Mikhailovsky's the "Joseon tale". talks about the origins of the Joseon Dynasty and the Qing Dynasty. In this paper, we revealed the features of the form of "Otter Legend". And analyzed the confrontation between Nurhachi's family and Yi Seong-gye's family shown in the story. The result is as follows. is complex tale. The start of is 'the typr of Yaraeja'. Next is the story of Myoung-Dang. Myoung-Dang is deep in the water. also has anecdotes of Jeong, Chung-shin. rearranged at least three stories or more. transformed each type of stories, communing the different patterns of stories with different logic. The basic logic of the transformation was to maximize the confrontation between the NuruhachI and Yi Seong-gye clans, the origins of Manchuria and the Chosun Dynasty. As a result, the sacredness of Nurhachi's Family, the origin of the Qing Dynasty, was expanded. On the other hand, Yi Seong-gye s Family was less extraordinary than Nurhachi's Family. Also, the ability of the person is also inferior. This is not the yearning for the Qing Dynasty. This is because the Qing Dynasty and the Joseon have the same pedigree. shows that the Qing Dynasty's experiences should be shared since the Qing Dynasty was born of another clan of Joseon. This is a new perception of Qing Dynasty. This is similar to the interpretation that dragged the Qing Dynasty's history into the Joseon's ethnographic historical point of view.