• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.169-174
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• 1984

해바라기 화분립이 mouse의 간장에서 cholesterol 대사에 어떤 영향을 미치는가를 조사하기 위해서 해바라기 화분립으로부터 추출한 지질을 column chromatography, thin-layer chromatography 및 gas-liquid chromatography를 이용해서 분석했다. 또한 mouse에 화분립을 투여하였을 때 간장에서의 cholesterol치에 미치는 영향에 대해서도 조사하였다. 1. 화분립의 지질은 neutral lipid 84.10%, glycolipid 10.50%, phospholipid 5.40%를 함유했다. 2. 중성지방질의 조성은 triglyceride가 71.20%로 가장 많고, sterol ester, diglyceride, monoglyceride, free fatty acid, sterol의 순이다. 3. neutral lipid, glycolipid, phospholip의 주요지방산은 linoleic acid 28.48${\sim}$33.70%, palmitic acid 12.90${\sim}$47.50%, oleic acid 11.20${\sim}$12.20% 이다. 그러나 phospholipid는 다른 지질보다 palmitic acid를 더 많이 함유하고 있다. 4. 해바라기 화분립 투여 mouse의 체중은 대조군 보다 현저하게 증가했다. 5. 화분립을 투여한 mouse의 간장지질대사가 대조군보다 활발함을 알 수 있었다. 6. 화분립 투여 mouse의 간 cholesterol치가 초기에는 증가했으나, 말기에는 대조군과 비슷한 수준으로 감소했다.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제24권12호
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• pp.1284-1290
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• 2014

본 연구에서는 C2C12 근육 세포에서 IGF-I이 지방산 저장과 사용에 영향을 미치는 FATP1의 mRNA 및 단백질 발현에 미치는 영향에 대해 알아보았다. 그 결과 IGF-I이 FATP1의 단백질과 mRNA 발현을 유의성 있게 조절하였음을 알 수 있었다. 이는 골격근에서 IGF-I이 근육 관련 유전자들의 발현을 조절하여 근부피 유지 및 증대에 중심적인 역할을 한다는 기존의 연구 패턴들에서 벗어나, IGF-I이 골격근 세포의 분화에 있어 지방산의 수송을 담당하는 FATP1의 발현에도 영향을 미친다는 사실을 증명하였다는데 의의가 있다고 사료된다. 향후 IGF-I에 의한 FATP1의 지방산 저장의 수준과 산화 과정에 있어 상호작용하는 기타 매개체들과의 관계에 대한 연구가 필요할 것으로 사료된다.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제33권12호
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• pp.967-977
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• 2023

Rubus crataegifolius (RC)는 장미과에 속하는 전통적인 아시아 약용 식물이다. RC 열매는 항산화 작용을 통해 성인병을 예방하는 것으로 알려져 있다. 본 연구에서는 RC 열매 추출물(RCex)이 비만과 비알코올성 지방간 질환(NAFLD)에 미치는 영향을 동물 모델을 통해 평가하였다. 28마리의 수컷 C57BL/6J 마우스에 8주간 비만을 유도한 후, 추출물을 8주간 경구 투여하였다. 그룹 1은 일반 대조군으로 표준사료를 섭취하였다. 그룹 2는 HFD 대조군으로, 그룹 3에는 심바스타틴(6.5 mg/kg/일)을, 그룹 4에는 RCex (200 mg/kg)을 투여하였다. RCex투여는 실험 마우스의 체중, 지방 조직, 간 무게를 감소시켰으며, 또한 지질 대사(ALT, AST, TC, TG, LDL, HDL)를 포함한 생화학적 바이오마커를 개선하였다. AMPK의 활성화는 지방생성 유전자(LXR, SREBP-1c, FAS, ACC1)의 발현을 감소시켰으며, RCex에 의한 CPT 활성 증진 효과를 검증하였다. RCex는 또한 에너지 소비 및 신진대사와 관련된 호르몬(adiponectin 및 leptin)의 혈장 수준에도 영향을 미쳤다. 또한, RCex가 HFD로 유도된 비만 mice의 포도당 불내성을 개선했음을 확인 하였다. RCex는 AMPK의 인산화를 통해 지방산 산화 및 지방산 합성을 조절함으로써 항비만 및 항NAFLD 효과를 가짐을 처음으로 입증하였다. 이는 R. crataegifolius가 비만 및 관련 NAFLD 예방에 좋은 보충제가 될 수 있음을 시사한다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.497-502
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• 2002

Thirty-nine strains of Leuconostocs found to be tolerant to $10\%$ or more garlic were selected for further identification, by comparing their whole-cell protein pattern, 16S rRNA gene (first 530 bases) sequence, cellular fatty acid composition, and carbon source metabolism. Two isolates were Identified as Leuconostoc mesenteroides and 32 others as Leuconostoc citreum. Five other strains belonging to a cluster could not be allocated to the existing species. 16S rRNA gene sequence and cellular fatty acid composition of the unidentified bacteria exhibited close similarity with Leuconostoc argentinum. The unidentified isolates were not allocated to L. argentinum, because they formed polysaccharide from sucrose, while L. argentinum strains do not. Leuconostocs tolerant to high concentration of garlic were found predominantly on garlic surface, an extreme environment which is unfit for most of other microorganisms.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제26권7호
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• pp.858-866
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• 1993

S.D.rats were fed with 3.4% tyrosine supplemented diet for 5 days. Tyrosine diet had no effects on brain NE and MHPG-SO4 levels in non-stressed rats. When these animals were given 3 hr-immobilization stress, they responded in a manner that coped better to the stress. This was measured by the increase in brain MHPG-SO4 indicating the increase in norepinephrine turnover by the stressed animals. When rats were stressed, fed basal or high-tyrosine diet, brain tyrosine concentration dropped more than 26% over the non-stress control animals. 3-hr immobilization stress also decreased brain NE levels. However, while the stress resulted in a significant decrease(p<0.05) of brain NE in basal diet, the decrease was not significant in high-TYR diet group. And as the stress index, serum corticosterone, glucose, and free fatty acid concentratons also were assayed. In this study, it was found that high-TYR diet prevented the stress-induced depletion of brain NE and suppressed the rise in serum corticosterone, glucose, and free fatty acid. These results suggest that high-TYR diet increases the coping ability of body to stress.

• 한방비만학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.19-26
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• 2018

Objectives: Alcoholic fatty liver is a potentially pathologic condition which can progress to steatohepatitis, fibrosis, and cirrhosis. The objective of this study is to investigate the effects of Scutellaria Radix (SR) extract on the alcoholic fatty liver induced by long-term EtOH administration. Results: Male Sprague Dawley rats were used in this study. All animals were randomly divided into Normal group, treated with saline (n=10); EtOH group, treated with ethanol (n=10); EtOH+SR group, treated with ethanol+Scutellaria Radix extract (n=10). For oral administration of ethanol in EtOH and EtOH+SR group, the ethanol was dissolved in distilled water in concentrations of 25% (v/v). Throughout the experiment of 8 week, the rats were allowed free access to water and standard chow. Sample group were administrated by Scutellaria Radix extract daily for 8 weeks. Results: The levels of hepatic marker such as aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase were altered. Histopathological changes such as ballooning, fatty and hydropic degeneration were reduced and the expression of tumor necrosis $factor-{\alpha}$ ($TNF-{\alpha}$) was significantly attenuated by Scutellaria Radix extract. Conclusions: These data suggest that Scutellaria Radix extract attenuated the alcoholic simple fatty liver by improving hepatic lipid metabolism via suppression of $TNF-{\alpha}$ protein. Scutellaria Radix could be effective in protecting the liver from alcoholic fatty liver.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.219-229
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• 2016

Fatty liver is a common metabolic disorder of dairy cows during the transition period. Historically, the diagnosis of fatty liver has involved liver biopsy, biochemical or histological examination of liver specimens, and ultrasonographic imaging of the liver. However, more convenient and noninvasive methods would be beneficial for the diagnosis of fatty liver in dairy cows. The plasma metabolic profiles of dairy cows with fatty liver and normal (control) cows were investigated to identify new biomarkers using $^1H$ nuclear magnetic resonance. Compared with the control group, the primary differences in the fatty liver group included increases in ${\beta}$-hydroxybutyric acid, acetone, glycine, valine, trimethylamine-N-oxide, citrulline, and isobutyrate, and decreases in alanine, asparagine, glucose, ${\gamma}$-aminobutyric acid glycerol, and creatinine. This analysis revealed a global profile of endogenous metabolites, which may present potential biomarkers for the diagnosis of fatty liver in dairy cows.

• 한국식품위생안전성학회지
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.221-231
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• 1998

Chlorella ellipsoidea의 엽록체막 및 틸라코이드 막의 당지질 생합성과 그의 지방산 조성에 식품 보전제가 미치는 영향을 분석하고자 potassium sorbate(0.3 mM, P.S) , sodium bensoate(0.4mM, S.b), calcium propionate(2 mM, C.P)를 처리한 배지에서 세포를 배양한 후 배양초와 배양 중간기에 세포를 수확하여 막을 분리하고, 이들 막을 구성하고 있는 당지질 중 MGDG, DGDG의 함량 및 그의 지방산 조성을 대조구와 비교 분석하였다. Total lipid와 MGDG, DGDG 함량은 대조구와 비교해 볼 때 처리구에서 현저하게 감소하였다. 염록체막의 BGDG를 구성하는 지방산은 대조구에서는 palmitoleic acid 15.55% , oleic acid 15.09%가 이용되었으며, P.S 처리구는 linolenic acid 14.36%, oleic acid 14.71%, S.B 처리구는 palmitoleic acid 18.26%, oleic acid 17.26%, C.P 처리구는 palmitoleic acid 16.31%, oleic acid 16.88%를 당지할 합성에 주로 이용하였다. DGDG 형성에 이용된 지방산은 대조구의 경우 linolenic acid 17.74%, oleic acid 15.75%, P.S처리구는 palmitoleic acid 15.97%, oleic acid 14.90%, S.B 처리구는 oleic acid 15.74%, palmitoleic acid 13.29% C.P 처리구에서는 oleic acid 14.52%, palmitoleic acid 14.03%가 당지질 합성에 도입되었다. 틸라코이ㅡ막에서의 당지질 중 MGDG 생합성에 이용되는 지방산은 대조구에서는 linolenic acid 가 14.76%, oleic acid가 12.90% 사용되었으며 P.S 처리구에서는 palmitic acid와 palmitoleic acid가 각각 13.00%씩 이용되었다. S.B 처리구는 palmitoleic acid 12.94%, oleic acid 12.44% , C.P 처리구는 oleic acid 13.27 %, palmitoleic acid 9.66%를 당지질 생합성에 이용하였다. DGDG 합성에 이용되는 지방산은 대조구의 경우 linolenic acid 18.01% , oleic acid 15.53%로 나타났으며, P.S 처리구는 linolenic acid 19.20%, linoleic acid 14.14%, S.B 처리구는 oleic acid 14.85%, palmitoleic acid 9.03%, C.P 처리구는 linolenic acid 12.66%, olei acid 13.90%를 주로 이용하였다.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제41권1호
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• pp.47-58
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• 2014

The effect of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) isomers esterified in diacylglycerol (DAG)-rich oil on lipid metabolism was investigated. Since dietary DAG has been known to induce the regression of atherosclerosis, CLA-DAG and olive-DAG oils containing similar levels of DAG (51.4~54.2%) were synthesized from olive oil. Hyperlipidemic C57BL/6J mice were then fed high-fat high-cholesterol diets supplemented with these oils (5% each) for 7 wk. The CLA-DAG diet containing 2.1% CLA isomers (0.78% c9,t11-CLA; 1.18% t10,c12-CLA) remarkably increased the levels of total plasma cholesterol and glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT) along with hepatic cholesterol and triacylglycerol (TAG) contents. Furthermore, the CLA-DAG diet inhibited fat uptake into adipose tissue whereas fat deposition (especially in the liver) was increased, resulting in the development of fatty livers. Hepatic fatty acid composition in the CLA-DAG mice was different from that of the olive-DAG mice, showing higher ratios of C16:1/C16:0 and C18:1/C18:0 in the liver. The activity of hepatic acyl-CoA:cholesterol acyltransferase (ACAT) was higher in CLA-DAG mice while plasma lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) activity and the ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP) were lower in CLA-DAG mice compared to the olive-DAG animals. Results of the present study suggest that CLA incorporation into DAG oil could induce atherosclerosis in mice.

• Animal Bioscience
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• 제36권5호
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• pp.679-691
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• 2023

The fat deposition is an important factor affecting chicken meat quality, which is closely related to lipid metabolism of chickens. Therefore, it is important to regulate the lipid metabolism of chickens to improve the chicken meat quality. Plant extracts have special regulatory effects on animal's growth and health and have been widely used in chicken breeding. Some plant extracts have been reported to have functions of changing the fatty acid composition, reducing abdominal fat percentage, and enhancing the intramuscular fat content of chickens by improving the antioxidant capacity, regulating the expression of genes, enzymes, and signaling pathways related to lipid metabolism, modulating intestinal microbiota, affecting hormones level, and regulating DNA methylation. This paper reviewed the application and mechanism of plant extracts on regulating lipid metabolism of chickens to provide a reference for the further application of plant extracts in chicken breeding.