• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제36권5호
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• pp.446-451
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of wax gourd on weight, triglyceride, leptin and fat cell size in rats fed a high-fat diet. Male Sprague Dawley rats were fed an experimental diet containing total dietary fat at 40% of calories with wax gourd 0%, 5%, 10% and 15% (w/w) for 4 weeks. Weight gain and triglyceride level fell significantly in the 15% wax gourd group compared to the control group. Epididymal fat pad, abdominal fat and perirenal fat tended to decrease in the 15% wax gourd group. Leptin and free fatty acid level were not significantly different among the groups. Fat cell size significantly decreased in the 10% and 15% wax gourd groups compared to the control group. Weight gain correlated positively with visceral fat masses and the levels of leptin and triglyceride. Fat cell size significantly correlated with visceral fat and leptin level. Therefore, the 15% wax gourd diet substantially reduced weight, triglyceride and fat cell size. (Korean J Nutrition 36(5): 446∼451, 2003)

• Nutritional Sciences
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.173-178
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of wax gourd on body weight, body fat, triglyceride, leptin and fat cell size in rats fed medium fat Male Sprague Dawley rats were fed with experimental diet containing total dietary fat at 20% of calorie with wax gourd (WG) for 4 weeks. Forty rats were divided into 4 groups including control, 5, 10, and 15% (w/w) WG supplement The results showed that weight gain was significantly higher in 5% WG than that in control (p<0.05), but was not different among the WG supplement groups. Total fat weight was significantly decreased in both 10 and 15% WG supplement groups than that of control. The levels of triglycerides and free fatty acids in the plasma were significantly decreased, particularly in 15% WG supplement group (p<0.05). The levels of leptin was not significantly different among the experimental groups. Fat cell size was significantly decreased in WG supplement groups compared to that of control group (p<0.05). Correlation among the parameters demonstrated that weight gain correlated positively with total fat weight, the levels of leptin and triglycerides. Taken these results together, 15% WG supplement diet substantially reduces total fat weight, triglycerides and free fatty acids levels and fat cell size in the rat fed midium fat.

• 대한한의학방제학회지
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.141-156
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• 1998

This histological study was performed to investigate the effects of .Paljeungsan-gagambang on the epididymal fat cell size, number and the fat drop area of hepatic lobule of rats fed High Fat Diet. Paljeungsan-gagambang was orally administered to the rats of sample group 26mg per 200g of rat's weight everyday for 4 weeks, and the control group were just fed with equal amount of saline solution. Then they are the epididymal fat cell size, epididymal fat cell numberand fat drop area of hepatic lobule that were measured. The results were summarized as follows; 1. The size of the epididymal fat cell was decreased significantly as compared with the control group. 2. The number of the epididymal fat cells was decreased significantly as compared with the control group in distribution chart classified by cell size 3. The Area(%) of the Fat drops in the hepatic lobule was decreased significantly as compared with the control group. According to the above results, it is considered that Paljeungsan-gagambang have effects on the decrease of the epididymal fat cell size, number and fat drop area of hepatic lobule of rats fed high fat diet; Thus, the adminisrtation of Paljeungsan-gagambang is considered to have an improving effect on obesities and liver diseases caused by high fat diet.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.119-126
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• 1994

The effect of diets(high fat, high fat high energy, pectin, cellulose) on adipocyte of epididymal fat pads were investigated in 70 male rats for 8 weeks. The rats were assigned to a control(C), high fat(HF) and high fat high energy(HFHE) group for 4 wks. During the next 4 wks, reassigned to one of three treatments (high fat, pectin supplemented, cellulose supplemented) in the HF group and one of three treatment (high fat high energy, pectin, cellulose) in the HFHE group. Therefore, the total experimental groups were 7 (C, HF, HF-P, HF-C, HFHE, HFHE-P, HFHE-C). Parameters evaluated and compared for each diet were body weight, total energy intake, feed efficiency ratio and weight changes in epididymal fat pads. The results are summarized as follows ; 1) There was no significant difference in body weight gain among the groups. 2) Total energy intake was higher in the C group than other groups. 3) Feed efficiency ratio (F.E.R) of the HF and HFHE groups were greater than C group(2, 4 weeks). However, there were no significant differences between the HF and HFHE groups. 4) Epididymal fat pads(EFP 100g/B.W) of the FH and HFHE groups were higher than C group (2, 4 weeks). However, there were no significant differences between the HF and HFHE groups. There was no significant difference in weight gain of epididymal fat pads among the groups(8 weeks). 5) Cell number and cell size of epididymal fat pads of the HF and HFHE groups were higher than the C group. The pectin and the cellulose supplementation groups decreased cell number and cell size of epididymal fat pads. Especially, the pectin supplementation group decreased than the cellulose supplementation in HFHE group. Therefore, we can concluded that the HF and the HFHE diet has no effect on the epididymal fat pads.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.74-80
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• 2001

Objectives : Ma-huang is a traditional Chinese medicinal herb, derived from Ephedra sinica Stapf and other Ephedra species, used to treat asthma, nose and lung congestion, and fever with anhidrosis. It contains 0.5-2.5% by weight of total alkaloids, of which ephedrine accounts for 30 to 90%. Recently, Ma-huang has been used as a source of ephedrine in many dietary supplements formulated for the treatment of obesity, since ephedrine has been found to be effective in inducing weight loss in the obese. In this study the effects of the methanol extract of Ma-huang on the adipocyte of epididymal and brown fat pads in rats fed a high fat diet for six weeks were studied. Methods : Male Sprague Dawley rats weighing an average 94g (4 weeks old) were fed either a regular diet (RE) or a high fat diet (HF), and the HF group was subdivided into a Ma-huang methanol extract (30mg/100g body weight) group (HF+MH). The weight of epididymal fat pad and brown adipose tissue were measured. The cell size and cell number per unit area of epididymal fat pad were investigated. Results : The yield weight of methanol extract of Ma-huang was 3.63mg per l00g of Ma-huang. The body weight gain of the HF group was similar with that of the HF+ MH but higher than that of the RE. The weights of the epididymal fat pads and brown adipose tissue of the RE group were lower than those of HF and HF+MH groups. The cell sizes and numbers per unit area of epididymal fat pads of the RE and HF+MH groups were larger than those of HF group. The cell numbers per unit area size of epididymal fat pads were the smallest in the RE group. Conclusions : It could be concluded that the Ma-huang extract has no effect on the epididymal fat pads in rats fed a high fat diet and the clinical application of Ma-huang for the treatment of obesity should be re-considered.

• Nutritional Sciences
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.117-122
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• 2002

This study was designed to observe the effect of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) supplementation on body fatness, fat cell sizes and leptin levels in male Sprague Dawley rats. Following weaning, forty rats were divided into 4 groups beef tallow (BT), fish oil (FO). beef tallow with CLA supplementation (BTC), and fish oil with CLA supplementation (FOC) group. For four weeks, all rats were fed experimental diets containing 12％ of total dietary fat (w/w) with or without 1％ CLA. After 4 weeks, the animals were sacrificed; the total carcass fat, plasma leptin levels, epididymal fat pad weights and fat cell sizes in adipose tissue were measured. CLA supplementation did not significantly affect the rat's body weights, total body fat, epididymal fat pad weights, and fat cell sizes. CLA also did not have a significant effect on plasma leptin levels. These results suggest that CLA supplement was not an effective way to reduce the body weights of male Sprague Dawley rats.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.167-179
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• 1986

Obesity is common disease resultly accumulated excess fat. In the model for obesity induced by high fat diet contains 30% fat, administration of ginseng extract inhibited increment of body weight, epididymal fat pads and enlargement of fat cell size. This was as the result of inhibition of lipogenesis in the liver and fat accumulation in the adipose tissues.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제24권5호
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• pp.431-441
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• 1991

To investigate the influence of age and dietary fat level on the immune function and the growing potential of the fibroblast cells, male rats of 2 month, 6 month and 30 month of age were fed either 6% or 30% fat diet for 16 weeks. The weight of thymus decreased linearly with increasing age. And this age-dependent degeneration of thymus was delayed in rats fed low fat diets. The blastogenesis of spleen lymphocytes to PHA, ConA, and PWM was decreased with increasing age, however, no effect of dietary fat level was observed. The age-related decline in ratios of PHA/ConA response may suggest that T suppressor cell activity increases with age. In cell culture system, lung fibroblast cells from 30M rats showed lower plating efficiency. longer doubling time. and shorter cumulative doubling potential than those from 2M or 6M animals. Also. the morphology of fibroblasts from 30M rats was tended to be rouned rather than flattened and more variable in size and being generally larger. wherease those from 2M and 6M rats were uniform in size and adhered tightly to the culture vessel in ordered arrays. Therefore fibroblast cell culture system tried in this study reflects the changes of cellular aging.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제36권3호
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• pp.478-483
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• 2004

본 연구에서는 체중이 약 170g정도인 Sprague-Dawley 수컷 쥐에게 AIN 93식이를 변형한 고지방식이와 고지방식이에 커피의 농도를 0.6%, 1.2% 및 2.4%(w/w)로 섭취시켜 6주간 사육하여 체중증가량, 체내 지방량, 혈장에서의 중성지방, 콜레스테롤, HDL-콜레스테롤, 유리지방산과 leptin의 농도와 부고환지방조직에서의 지방세포크기를 분석하여 다음과 같은 결과를 나타냈다. 체중 증가량은 유의적인 차이는 아니었지만 0.6% 커피 섭취군이 가장 높게 나타났으며, 식이이용효율은 0.6% 및 1.2% 커피 섭취군이 유의적으로 높게 나타났다. 체내 지방량은 실험군 간에 유의적인 차이는 없었으나 체중이 많이 나가는 0.6% 커피 섭취군의 체지방량이 많은 것으로 나타났다. 혈장 중성지방의 농도는 2.4% 커피 첨가군이 유의적으로 다른 커피 섭취군에 비해 낮았고, 총콜레스테롤과 HDL-콜레스테롤 농도는 대조군에 비해 모든 커피 섭취군이 유의적으로 높게 나타났다. 동맥경화지수는 2.4% 커피 섭취군이 다른 군에 비해 낮게 나타났으나 유의적인 차이는 아니었다. Leptin의 농도는 대조군에 비해 체중이 가장 많은 0.6% 커피 섭취군이 유의적으로 높게 나타났으며, 커피 섭취량이 많아질수록 leptin 농도는 낮아져 1.2% 및 2.4% 커피 섭취군은 대조군과 유의적인 차이가 없는 것으로 나타났다. 부고환지방 조직의 지방세포 크기는 각군간에 차이가 없었다. 이상의 연구결과 0.6% 커피 섭취 시 순환기계질환의 원인이 되는 중성지방, 총콜레스테롤의 농도를 유의적으로 증가시켰으나 순환기계질환을 예방해주는 HDL-콜레스테롤의 농도는 유의적으로 높아졌고, 동맥경화지수도 고지방식이를 먹은 대조군에 비해 낮은 경향을 보였다. 커피 섭취량이 가장 많은 2.4% 커피 섭취는 체중증가량, 식이이용효율, 중성지방 및 leptin 농도에 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제36권4호
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• pp.419-423
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• 2007

본 연구에서는 천연소재 혼합물이 혈중 지질 함량 및 부고환 지방세포의 크기에 미치는 영향을 측정하였다. 그 결과 혈액 중 총 콜레스테롤과 LDL 콜레스테롤은 천연소재 섭취에 의한 유의적인 감소 효과가 나타나지 않았지만, 중성지방은 정상식이군에서 감소하였고 HDL 콜레스테롤은 정 상식이군에서 증가하였다. 부고환 지방조직은 고지방식이 섭취에 의해 지방세포 크기가 유의적으로 증가되었으나 천연소재 섭취로 인하여 유의적으로 감소하였다. 이는 천연소재섭취에 의해 체지방 축적이 억제되어 지방세포의 hypertrophy를 억제했기 때문으로 사료된다.