• 복식
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• 제61권6호
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• pp.86-100
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• 2011

The traditional feminity has gradually been diversified in the 21th century due to a change in the society. This diversification of women's images and styles is derived from the addition of masculinity to feminity. C. G. Jung insist that human being is bisexual in nature. Animus is the male aspect in the women's collective unconscious and it is the archetype through which we generally communicate with the collective unconscious. It is also important to get into touch with the collective unconscious for self-realization. This study analyzes subconscious desires based on the Animus archetype in the collective unconscious of women through the diversity of the gender identity shown in cosmetic advertisements. Therefore this study aims to suggest a marketing strategy for the women's beauty industry in the future. For this purpose, this study conducts an empirical analysis of women's make-up and hair style in cosmetic advertisements through the Jungian Animus theory. The conclusion of this study is as follows: First, gender identity represented in cosmetic advertisements was classified into Mother/Wife, Hetaira, Mediale and Amazon. Second, the Animus archetype stimulates masculinity in women's make-up and hair style. Third, range of utilization of cosmetic products is articulated with the diverse gender identity. This masculinization of women's beauty style is the external expression of collective unconscious and affords human being to reach self-realization.

• 패션비즈니스
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• 제15권5호
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• pp.195-219
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• 2011

The purpose of the study is to analyze Hollywood actresses' makeup in formative characteristics and see the transition of the change for the usage as the fundamental materials to develop the future makeup field academy with the focus focused from 1920s to 2000s when the cosmetic industry began in earnest. The content of the study is to see the transition of the change by analyzing makeup of each era in formative aspect after seeing the transition of the makeup change in the social background by classifying by 10 years from 1920s to 2000s with related literature as the center in the theoretical background. The method of the study is to analyze makeup in formative aspect with total 180 pieces of pictures selected by two experts among their photos by selecting four actresses by each era and analyze Hollywood actresses' advertisement pictures which can be called as beauty icons at that time. Analysis frame to analyze the formativeness established new classification frame based on theories of Marian L. Davis, Marilyn Revell Delong, and Kang to analyze line, shape, texture, and decoration, and researcher's analysis frame was prepared based Munsell's color circle, tone analysis of P.C.C.S color system, and Kang's makeup color name to analyze colors. The result of the study is like below. Generally 20s and 30s highlighted line of eyebrows, 40s naturalness, 50s and 60s highlighted eye makeup, and from 70s makeup was focused on health, in 80s colorful makeup was boom, and 90s and 2000s has shown characteristics focused on texture of face.

• 복식문화연구
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.561-574
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• 2009

Black has been the most important color of all since the ancient times when the recognition of black roused, as well as during most of the eras; and can especially be said as the main color which controlled the chronicles of fashion. The purpose of the study was to broaden the application of black color image make-up by inquiring into make-up design elemental characteristics of lines and textures, after classifying magazine illustrations and advertisement make-up images using black. The photos which made effective use of black among fashion illustrations, magazine advertisements after 2001 were classified in to each type, and make-up expression method and characteristics according to design element of each image type was analyzed. The conclusion of such study was the following. 'Erotic image' showed contrast effect between eye make-up and lip color by using pale tone or red color. 'Mannish image' emphasized form and texture of eyebrow by restraining the colors of eyelids with natural brown tone eye make-up; 'Modern image' expressed vague eyebrow to bring the sensation of the direction of eye shadow on eyelids and eye line as well as slant line to relief. 'Kitsch image' showed free and light imagery by creating unique hair style with various colors; expressing lips mostly with colors similar to skin tone or by restraining colors on lips. 'Decadence image' showed messy and foul sensation with unstandardized eye make-up and matt skin of shimmer, glossy and pale tone, also with black colored lips; 'Retro image' expressed reinterpretation of images from 1920${\sim}$1960 to contemporary styles.

• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.55-63
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• 2006

The purpose of this study examines difference of cunsumer satisfaction by expected selection attribute of wedding dress and bride make-up. It is looking into influencing variables in consumer satisfaction, and is supplying real information to wedding market. The subjects of this study were 241 women getting married within one year of Daegu. The data were analyzed by using frequency, mean, the standard deviation, ANOVA, duncan test, correlation analysis, cross-analysis. Conclusion obtained from the results and discussions of the research are as follows: 1) In the attribution of expected selection according to occupation, blue-collar women are concerned about cost factor but they are low content with the perceptual satisfaction factor. 2) When selecting places for wedding dresses and wedding make-up, in the attribute of expected selection about the number of visiting the shop for wedding dresses and make-up, people who visit over 7 dress shops are highly interested in the appearance fancy degree, advertisements effect factors. But they are concerned with advertisements effect factor, cost factor in the perceptual satisfaction factor about wedding dress. Besides, the more they get chances to visit many dress shops, they are concerned with advertisements, cost factors, and satisfied with both the effect of advertisements and appearance factor degree in the attribution of expected selection about wedding make-up. 3) In the attribution of expected selection about the cost of wedding dresses and make-up, the lower the cost paid, people are interested in price factor. Furthermore, in the attribution of expected selection about the wedding dress and make-up cost, those who spent over 150 million Won are interested in quality, others influence factor, and the case of less than 120~150 million Won, people are highly interested in the appearance fancy degree, advertisements effect factor, and the women are satisfied with the advertisement effect factor in the perceptual satisfaction factor of wedding make-up.

• The International Journal of Costume Culture
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.136-146
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• 2000

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of demographic characteristics and general buying characteristics of knitwear consumers on evaluation criteria and information source searching. In this study, a self-administered questionnaire was distributed to young career women and female undergraduate students. Of 580 questionnaires, 496 were used in the following analysis. The data was analyzed with the SPSS package. The research method used factor and reliability analysis to segment consumers by their knitwear evaluation criteria. T-test, one-way ANOVA and χ²were used to characterize the impact of characteristics of the consumer on knitwear evaluation criteria and information source searching in buying knitwear. The results of this study were as follows. First, the information sources of consumers were significantly different depending on their demographic characteristics(age). According to the difference in relationship between the age of consumers and information sources, the younger the consumer, the more information in fashion magazine, the older, in fashion advertisement on catalog. Second, the knitwear evaluation criteria of consumers was classified according to six characteristics - quality, price, aesthetic, situation, self-expression and external. Their knitwear evaluation criteria were significantly different depending on demographic characteristics(job, age, education, marital status) and the general buying characteristics of knitwear(annual knitwear/clothing buying expense and frequency). Career women and married women placed significant importance on practical aspects like quality and price characteristics, while undergraduate students and single women placed significant importance on practical aspects like quality and price characteristics, while undergraduate students and single women placed significant importance on aesthetic and self-expression characteristics. Also, a group with higher annual knitwear/clothing buying expense and frequency considered aesthetic and self-expression characteristics more important. The lower the annual knitwear/clothing buying expense and frequency, the higher a group considered quality and price characteristics more important.

• 패션비즈니스
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• 제15권6호
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• pp.1-22
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• 2011

This paper is a study on the information required for developing Korean clothing products intended for Chinese students in Korea and for opening markets of Korean clothing and brands in China. It analyses the buying behaviors, purchasing ability, the favourite apparel type for clothing, and satisfaction with Korean clothing and brands of Chinese students in Korea, with which it seeks a program for South Korea branding to enter into the Chinese clothing market. Three hundred fifty seven students of Hannam University and PaiChai University Chung nam National University in Daejeon-city took part in this study. This paper adopts Descriptive Analysis, Crossing Analysis, Bivariate Correlations, and One-way ANOVA in SPSS 17.0 with Post Hoc Multiple Comparisons to know about the impact of demographic variables of Chinese students in Korea on buying information sources, the criteria for store selection, buying capacity, praise degree on various properties of Korean clothes products and their satisfaction with Korean clothes products. The first proposal of expanding China market for Korean merchants is to achieve maximum sales based on sales promotion strategies, such as the credit card corporations, the store display and sales person service development, SPA, design size development, and to upgrade consumption values. The second proposal is Korean clothes corporations should open the Internet shopping corresponding to the physical stores, the most frequently used information source of Chinese students is the network, from the age distribution of Internet users in 2008 in China, population above 10 and below 30 accounts for 66.7% of all users, In recommending clothes made in Korea to Chinese young people, on-line advertising will get better effects than other strategies, specially during advertisement, they should take good use of Korean television shows and variety shows or help Chinese poor areas to do the social contribution hereby to improve the public image of Korean clothes corporations, which can bring good sale promotion effects as well.

• The International Journal of Costume Culture
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.11-22
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• 2005

The present study attempted to analyze the behavioral patterns and attitudes of high school girls toward apparel ads in magazines in relation to their physical self-concept. The study used a self-administered questionnaire. The sample consisted of 419 students at 3 girl's high schools located in Seoul. Likert scales were used for most measures with 1=never or very unimportant and 5=always or very important. Physical self-concept was measured on the basis of W S. Jung's Standardized Self-concept Test and Tennessee Self-concept Scale. Percentage, t-test, and Chi-square were used for the analysis of the data. Results are as follows: (1) Those with a high sense of physical self-concept read more magazines. (2) Those with higher sense of physical self-concept showed greater interest in magazine ads, consulted magazines for fashion trends, found ads more useful, and more often expressed satisfaction with the ads, than the lower self-concept group. (3) Advertisers should attempt to gain a deeper understanding of the socio-psychological characteristics of their readership as self-concept appeared to be related to several magazine readership attitudes and behaviors. Apparel ads targeting high school girls should consider the importance of company ads.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.119-126
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• 2011

Recently, in the fields of fashion, advertisement, film, literature, philosophy, etc., the word, 'Nomad', is being used frequently across the overall society. The contemporary society is actively incorporating "nomadic thinking" as a new social phenomenon across the boundaries of conventional fields. This is not an exception in the field of space design. This study, via the contemporary nomadic thinking, examined the relationship between space design's application possibility as a new trend and flexible space; then categorized the characteristics of flexible space into flexibility, temporariness, changeability, and correlation; and then analyzed expression characteristics of flexible space. As for unrestricted expression of scene, it was recognized that separation of scene and space leads space to meet the needs of surrounding environment and users; formation of changeable space enables uses of space from various perspectives; and combining external factors (energy, media technologies) with space leads space to self-evolution. Space is perceived as an living organism that is flexibly corresponding, via realistic movement and virtual movement, to the indefinite, diversified thinking of the contemporary society. Therefore, this study illuminates that nomadic thinking has significance as basic thinking to predict development and characteristics of design thinking through understanding the contemporary society with the basic thinking system that has been inherent without restrictions of being fixed to the present, past, and future.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제30권7호
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• pp.1066-1077
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of store attributes, purchasing experience, clothing product evaluation and store trust on store loyalty of discount store. With convenience sampling, the research was surveyed to women who have bought apparels at the discount store. The 374 responses were analyzed by frequency analysis, factor analysis, reliability test, t-test and hierarchical regression analysis. The results were as follows. First, the clothing product evaluation was significantly affected by the variety of products, reliable advertisement, good display, convenient store location, purchasing cost and buying experience of PB apparel. Second, the trust of discount store was significantly affected by store attributes, purchasing experience and clothing product evaluation. Third, the discount store loyalty was analyzed as fashion store loyalty. The store loyalty was affected by purchasing experience and clothing product evaluation. Fourth, the clothing product evaluation and store loyalty were appeared high by people who had bought PB, PNB and trendy apparels.

• 디지털콘텐츠학회 논문지
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.485-492
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• 2009

최근 모바일 기기는 거의 모든 사람들에 의해 사용되고 있는데, 이는 모바일 단말기가 휴대하기에 편리하고 아울러 모바일 네트워크의 성능이 향상되었기 때문이다. 이에 따라 휴대폰 상에서 실행 가능한 응용의 종류가 다양해지면서 대용량 소프트웨어 실행에 대한 필요성이 대두되었고, 이를 위해 Mobile-JPVM 같은 휴대폰 클러스터 컴퓨팅 라이브러리도 등장하였다. 본 논문에서는 Mobile-JPVM을 이용하여 실시간 Animated GIF 파일 생성기와 휴대폰용 Animated GIF 뷰어를 구현하였다. 아울러, 개발된 소프트웨어를 KTF 휴대폰에 탑재하여 에뮬레이터가 아닌 실제 환경에서 실행될 수 있음도 보였다. 개발된 실시간 Animated GIF 생성기와 휴대폰용 뷰어는 모바일 패션 데이터 광고 서비스에 활용될 수 있다.