• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제50권1호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2008

본 연구는 전자식별칩(RF-ID)를 활용한 생산이력추적 시스템을 도입하여 가축의 생산, 도축, 가공 및 유통단계에 있어 효율성을 증진시키고 소비자들에게 질 좋고 위생적인 한우육을 제공할 수 있도록 발전시키기 위하여 수행하였다. 생산이력추적 시스템의 기본이 되는 새로운 개체식별 바코드, 등록번호 및 농장번호를 고려하여 관리, 자료의 수집과 저장이 용이하도록 설계되었다. 특히 이 시스템은 1) 가축관리를 위하여 표준 전자 식별칩(RF-ID), 표준이표, 마이크로칩 그리고 이표식별 장비를 제공하고, 2) 한우육 상표 보장을 통해 소비자를 보호하고 3) 품질 좋은 한우육을 생산하는 농가에게 인센티브를 제공하고 4) 국가적 개체관리에 있어 획일한 시스템을 제공하는데 그 목적이 있다. 몇몇 농가조합에 적용한 결과와 모 백화점에서 실시한 시범사업 결과 RF-ID 시스템 사용에 대한 가능성을 볼 수 있었다.

• 한국해양환경ㆍ에너지학회지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.203-210
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• 2016

본 연구는 국내에서 유통되고 있는 해조류(김, 다시마, 미역)와 양식장에서 채취한 미가공 김에서 9종의 중금속 함량을 분석하고, 해조류 섭취에 따른 식품 위해성평가를 실시하였다. 가공된 해조류에서의 중금속 함량은 Fe>As>Zn>Cu>Cd>Pb>Cr>Ni>Hg 순으로 높게 나타났다. 미가공 김과 가공 김의 중금속 농도를 비교한 결과 미가공 김이 가공된 김보다 Cd과 Zn을 제외한 7종의 중금속 농도가 높게 나타났다. 해조류에서 검출된 중금속 성분간 상관관계는 미가공 김에서 Cr-Fe간에 통계적으로 유의한 상관관계를 나타내었고, 가공된 김에서 Cu-Cd, Cu-Zn, Cd-Zn, Pb-Ni간에 통계적으로 유의한 상관관계를 나타내었으며, 다시마에서 Cu-Cr, Cu-Zn, Cd-Cr, Ni-Fe간에 높은 상관관계를 나타내었고 미역에서는 Cu-Cd, Cu-Pb, Cd-Ni, Cr-Zn, Cr-Fe, Zn-Fe간에 높은 상관관계를 나타내었다. 미가공 김과 가공 김에서 중금속의 농도차이나 중금속간에 상관관계의 양상이 다른 것을 고려하면 가공과정 중에 중금속에 따라 제거효율이 다른 것으로 예상되어졌다. 해조류를 통한 Cu, Cd, Zn, Fe, Hg의 주간섭취량은 잠정주간섭취허용량의 0.1~7.6%에 해당되므로 해조류 내 중금속 함량은 매우 안전한 농도수준으로 판단된다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.161-166
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• 2008

To determine if body weight change is directly related to altered leptin and neuropeptide Y (NPY) gene expression, we assessed adipose tissue weight, percent body fat, leptin and NPY mRNA levels and serum leptin concentration in pigs at weights of 1, 20, 40, 60, and 90 kg. The results indicated that the weight of adipose tissues and the percent body fat of pigs significantly increased and correlated with body weight (BW) from 1 to 90 kg (p<0.01). Serum leptin concentrations and leptin mRNA levels in omental adipose tissue (OAT) increased from 1 to 60 kg, and then decreased from 60 to 90 kg. At 60 kg, the serum leptin concentration and leptin mRNA level significantly increased by 33.5% (p<0.01) and 98.2% (p<0.01), respectively, as compared with the levels at 1 kg. At 60 kg, the amount of leptin mRNA in subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) was significantly higher than that of 1 and 40 kg animals (p<0.05). NPY gene expression in the hypothalamus also changed with BW and at 60 kg the NPY mRNA level significantly decreased by 54.0% (p< 0.05) as compared with that in 1 kg. Leptin mRNA in OAT was correlated with serum leptin concentrations (r = 0.98, p<0.01), body weight (r = 0.82, p<0.05) and percent body fat (r = 0.81, p<0.05). This is the first report of the developmental expression of leptin in porcine OAT, peritoneal adipose tissue (PAT) and SAT, and proves that the expression of leptin in OAT could reflect the levels of circulating leptin. These results provide some information for nutritional manipulation of leptin secretion which could lead to practical methods of controlling appetite and growth in farm animals, thereby regulating and improving efficiency of lean meat production and meat production quality.

• 농촌지도와개발
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.1149-1189
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• 2014

현재 국내에서 많은 농가가 이용하는 경영진단방법 중 하나는 농촌진흥청 농업경영정보시스템 내의 농가경영컨설팅시스템에서 사용되는 경영표준진단표로, 진단결과는 DB화하여 농가경영컨설팅을 위한 자료로 활용되고 있다. 하지만 연도별 농가경영 진단결과 DB화 실적을 살펴보면 매년 실적이 조금씩 감소함을 알 수 있는데, 경영진단을 하는 농가 수의 감소는 농가가 경영진단을 통한 실질 효과가 기대에 미치지 못하였거나, 지속적으로 진단할 필요를 느끼지 못하는 등의 불만족 요인이 있음을 알 수 있다. 이러한 맥락에서 농가의 다양한 유형과 규모를 포괄하여 쓸 수 있는 컨설팅 기법의 개발과 실증사례의 발굴이 절실하다. 본 연구는 기존의 농가 중심의 농업경영체 경영진단 및 컨설팅 방법에서 부족한 요소들을 보완하고 기업형 농업경영체에도 적용이 가능하도록 경영전략 이론에서 사용되는 다중조직이론과 가치사슬모형을 적용한 경영진단 및 컨설팅기법을 소개한다. 다중조직이론 기반의 컨설팅 기법의 특징은 농업경영체의 경영전략은 크게 효율성추구와 효과성추구의 두 가지 방향이 있으며 경영체의 하부요소들이 경영 전략의 방향과 일치하는 방향으로 적합성(fit)을 맞추도록 하는 것이 특징이다. 즉, 경영체의 전략적 방향에 맞는 경영활동이 중요하며 이를 통해 한정된 자원의 분배를 최적화할 수 있게 된다. 제시된 컨설팅 기법은 농업현장의 경영체들에 실제로 컨설팅을 수행하여 현장실증한 사례를 보여줌으로써 컨설팅 기법에 대한 이해를 높일 수 있도록 하였다.

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 2017년도 9th Asian Crop Science Association conference
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• pp.204-204
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• 2017

In recent years the growth rates of world agricultural production and crop yields have slowed because of rapid urbanization but the agriculture mechanization implies the use of various power sources and improved farm tools and equipment to enhance the efficiency of utilization of various crop input. Therefore the current study was conducted to investigate the growth characteristics of seedlings treated with plant growth regulators for the production of seeds suitable for mechanical formulations of soybeans and red beans. The seeds of Uram bean and Arary red bean were sown in 128 well plug tray as the testing varieties. Three growth inhibitors such as 0.05% hexaconazole, prohexadion-calcium, and 0.1% diniconazole were treated and fifteen representative plants were collected from each treatment at 2, 5, 7, 13, 16, 17, 19, and 20 days interval after treatment. The collected plants were examined for the growth atributes such as plant height, root length, leaf area and chlorophyll. The growth promoter was treated at the 13th day after treatment with growth inhibitor and treated with 0.1% concentration of Pomina ($GA_{4+7}$ 1.8% + 6-benzylaminopurine 1.8%) and Nonaji (gibberellic acid 2% + $GA_{4+7}$ 2%). Initially the growth data was recorded to examine the effect of growth inhibitor, while after treatment with growth promoters, the growth attributes were recorded at 4th and 7th day. As a result of measuring the growth parameter of soybean, the inhibitory effect was shown in the aerobic treatment at the ground level at the 7th day after treatment. At the 4th day of growth promoting agents treatment, the stimulation effect of non - treated plants was greater than that of formalin treatments. As a result of measuring the growth attributes of red bean, In the latter part of the growth, at the 4th day after the growth promoter treatment. This study was able to confirm the effective growth regulators and treatment periods for each crop, and it was possible to control the growth of seedlings. Based on these results, it can be expected that the basis of seedling production technology of crops which is necessary for sowing and transplantation mechanization of agriculturle field can be established.

• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.47-52
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• 2009

본 실험은 효모(Saccharomyces exiguus SJPAF1) 첨가에 따른 돈분뇨의 악취제거 및 오염물질 감소 효과를 알아보고자 수행하였다. 처리구는 효모무 처리(SA0), 돈분노 1톤당 0.7 l(SA0.7), 1.0 l(SA1.0), 1.5 l(SA1.5)로 구분하였다. 돈 분뇨에서 발생하는 복합악취강도는 폭기조 외부의 온도변화와 효모의 투입향 증가에 따라 감소한 경향을 보였으며, 특히 암모니아 가스는 처리 6일 후 SA0에서 161.1 ppm인 반면 SA1.5에서는 47.1 ppm수준이었다. 또한 돈분뇨의 액상화는 SA1.5에서는 시험전 대비 13.8%가 증가하였으며, 분뇨량은 12.8%, 감소하였다. 가축분뇨 중의 주요 병원균인 대장균은 효모처리구인 SA0.7과 SA1.5에서 시험전 수준인 30MP N $ml^{-1}$미만을 유지하여 더 이상 증식되지 않았다. 그러나, 오염물질인 BOD, COD, 및 $NO_3^{-}-N$, $NH_4^{+}-N$, $PO_4-P$의 일부 감소는 공시효모에 의한 효과가 아닌 것으로 판단된다. 본 연구 결과, 효모(Saccharomyces exiguus SJPAF1) 1.5%를 돈 분뇨에 첨가시 악취의 제거와 대장균의 증식을 억제시켜 환경개선제로서의 이용 가능성을 보여주었다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제16권9호
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• pp.1303-1308
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• 2003

Samples of eleven brown midrib (ICSU 96031, ICSU 93046, ICSU 96082, ICSU 96078, ICSU 96075, ICSU 95101, ICSU 96034, ICSU 96063, ICSU 45116, ICSA 93-3 and ICSA 3845 X 3816) and nine white midrib genotypes (ICSU 96050, ICSU 96030, ISU 95082, SSG 59-3, FSHI 93-1, FSHI 2219A X 3211, HC 171, ICSA 93-2 and ICSA 93-1) based on their phenotypic appearance were collected at 50 per cent flowering from the sorghum germplasm grown at Research farm of IGFRI, Jhansi. These genotypes were evaluated with respect to crude protein, fiber composition, in-sacco dry matter, OM, cell wall components disappearance/digestibility besides the fodder yield, total phenolic and availability index values. Brown midrib genotypes were lower (p<0.05) in NDF, ADF, cellulose and acid detergent lignin concentration than white midrib genotypes. Mean NDF, ADF, cellulose and lignin contents were 69.4, 42.1, 35.4 and 5.7% in brown mid rib vis-a vis 75.8, 47.5, 39.6 and 7.3% in white mid rib genotypes. Nonsignificant (p>0.05) differences were observed in dry matter, crude protein and organic matter contents between brown midrib and white midrib genotypes. Phenolic contents were significantly (p<0.05) lower in browm mid rib (0.2) than white mid rib (0.3%) sorghum. Brown midrib genotypes exhibited significantly (p<0.05) higher in-sacco DM, OM and CP disappearance than normal (white midrib) genotypes. The mean degradability of DM, OM and CP was 64.1, 62.6 and 79.6% in brown mid rib and 53.1, 54.0 and 76.6% in white mid rib genotypes, respectively. There were no significant (p>0.05) differences between genotypes in extent of fiber fraction degradability though in-sacco NDF and ADF degradability was more by 5 and 4 units, respectively in brown midrib genotypes vis-a-vis white midrib genotypes. Average fodder yield (green and dry g/plant) and availability index (%) values were significantly (p<0.05) higher for brown midrib (474.2, 129.8 and 80.4) genotypes than white midrib (375.0, 104.8 and 69.2) genotypes. Lignin contents had significant negative correlation with DM, OM, NDF and ADF degradability. The results of the study revealed that brown midrib genotypes are superior not only with regard to chemical entities and disappearance of DM and fiber fractions but also better in respect of fodder yield and availability index values. Thus, brown midrib sorghum strains may be useful in increasing digestibility, intake, feed efficiency and animal performance.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제17권11호
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• pp.1562-1569
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• 2004

The objective of this experiment was to determine the effects of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs)-enriched diet supplemented with different levels of $\alpha$-tocopherol on the activities of hepatic lipogenic-related enzymes and the contents of liver and plasma lipid fractions in laying Tsaiya ducks. A total of 180 30-wk-old laying Tsaiya ducks, at the beginning of peak production, were allotted into 6 treatments with 3 replicates each. Ducks were fed one of the 6 experimental diets, containing 4% tallow (control), and 4% fish oil supplemented with graded levels of $\alpha$-tocopheryl acetate ($\alpha$-tocopherol) at 0, 100, 200, 300 and 400 mg/kg, respectively, for 6 wks. Feed and water were supplied ad libitum throughout the experimental period. The results indicated that the n-3 PUFAsenriched diet supplemented with different levels of $\alpha$-tocopherol did not affect (p>0.05) egg weight, feed intake, body weight change or liver and abdominal fat weights. Egg production, egg mass and feed efficiency significantly (p<0.05) improved as dietary $\alpha$-tocopherol levels increased. The activities of hepatic lipogenic-related enzymes including acetyl-CoA carboxylase (EC 6. 2. 1. 3; ACC), glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (EC 1. 1. 1. 49; G-6-PDH), ATP-citrate cleavage enzyme (EC 4. 1. 3. 8; CCE), NADP-malate dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.40; NADP-MDH) and fatty acid synthetase (FAS) were higher (p<0.05) in birds fed with the tallow diet than in those fed with fish oil diets and increased with increasing dietary $\alpha$-tocopherol levels. None of the dietary treatments significantly affected the contents of triglyceride and total cholesterol in the liver, or total cholesterol, phospholipid and total lipid in the plasma. However, the contents of phospholipid and total lipid in the liver, and triglyceride in the plasma increased as dietary $\alpha$-tocopherol levels increased. Increasing dietary $\alpha$-tocopherol levels decreased the non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA) content in the plasma and trended to decrease the cholesterol contents in the egg yolk. The lipid metabolism of laying Tsaiya ducks was influenced not only by the dietary fat but also by the supplementation levels of $\alpha$-tocopherol.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제13권8호
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• pp.1127-1132
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• 2000

Forty yearling Tswana sheep and goats (20 sheep and 20 goats) of both sexes were used in a feeding trial conducted in Botswana College of Agriculture (B.C.A) Content Farm in Gaborone for three months. The animals were randomized into four treatment groups of five animals per species balancing for weight and sex such that average initial weights were not statistically different. The sheep and goats were individually housed and fed under a common roof. All the animals were fed on Lablab purpureus L. as a protein supplement which was 40% of the ration. In addition to L.purpureus L. the control groups of both species were fed on 60% Cenchrus ciliaris L. as basal diet. The other three treatment groups were fed on different forages namely; sorghum forage (Sorghum sudanense (Piper) Stapf), millet forage (Pearl millet, Pennisetum typhoides (Burm.) Stapf and Hubb.) and veldt grass mainly Urochloa mosambicensis (Hack.) as basal diet (60%). Water was provided individually to all the animals on ad lib. basis. Daily intakes of feed and water were recorded and weighing of the animals was done every two weeks. The collected data were analysed statistically for differences. Average daily weight gain by Tswana sheep was significantly different (p<0.05), sheep fed on millet forage had a higher daily weight gain $(120.24{\pm}8.91g)$ compared with sheep fed on veldt grass $(92.86{\pm}6.94g)$. Treatment effects on daily total DM intake by sheep were significant, the control group (C. ciliaris L.) had higher intake $(705.77{\pm}10.22g)$ and those fed on sorghum forage had the least intake $(668.10{\pm}10.70g)$. There was no significant difference (p>0.05) in the average daily weight gain by Tswana goats and it was 84.52, 73.81, 83.33 and 78.57 g for goats fed on C. ciliaris L., sorghum forage, millet forage and veldt grass respectively. Average daily total DM intake by goats was 655.27, 652.64, 650.07 and 650.94 g for C. ciliaris L., sorghum forage, millet forage and veldt grass respectively. Feed conversion efficiency was 8.00, 8.98, 7.93 and 8.34 for goats fed on C. ciliaris L., sorghum forage, millet forage and veldt grass respectively and were not significantly different (p>0.05).

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.303-321
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• 2011

The availability and efficient use of the feed resources in Asia are the primary drivers of performance to maximise productivity from animals. Feed security is fundamental to the management, extent of use, conservation and intensification for productivity enhancement. The awesome reality is that current supplies of animal proteins are inadequate to meet human requirements in the face of rapidly depleting resources: arable land, water, fossil fuels, nitrogenous and other fertilisers, and decreased supplies of cereal grains. The contribution of the ruminant sector lags well behind that of non-ruminant pigs and poultry. It is compelling therefore to shift priority for the development of ruminants (buffaloes, cattle, goats and sheep) in key agro-ecological zones (AEZs), making intensive use of the available biomass from the forage resources, crop residues, agro-industrial by-products (AIBP) and other non-conventional feed resources (NCFR). Definitions are given of successful and failed projects on feed resource use. These were used to analyse 12 case studies, which indicated the value of strong participatory efforts with farmers, empowerment, and the benefits from animals of productivity-enhancing technologies and integrated natural resource management (NRM). However, wider replication and scaling up were inadequate in project formulation, including systems methodologies that promoted technology adoption. There was overwhelming emphasis on component technology applications that were duplicated across countries, often wasteful, the results and relevance of which were not clear. Technology delivery via the traditional model of research-extension linkage was also inadequate, and needs to be expanded to participatory research-extension-farmer linkages to accelerate diffusion of technologies, wider adoption and impacts. Other major limitations concerned with feed resource use are failure to view this issue from a farming systems perspective, strong disciplinary bias, and poor links to real farm situations. It is suggested that improved efficiency in feed resource use and increased productivity from animals in the future needs to be cognisant of nine strategies. These include priorities for feed resource use; promoting intensive use of crop residues; intensification of integrated ruminant-oil palm systems and use of oil palm by-products; priority for urgent, wider technology application, adoption and scaling up; rigorous application of systems methodologies; development of adaptation and mitigation options for the effects of climate change on feed resources; strengthening research-extension-farmer linkages; development of year round feeding systems; and striving for sustainability of integrated farming systems. These strategies together form the challenges for the future.