• Journal of Family Resource Management and Policy Review
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.47-61
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• 2021

The purpose of this study is to analyze the trend of changes in household labor among middle-aged generations who are facing dynamic changes in the middle of their life cycle. The research method is a literature study that examines and analyzes related data. Specifically, it aims to analyze the basic characteristics of middle-aged generations and trends in household labor, which are revealed through Time Use Survey, market trend reports, newspaper articles, and books. From the perspective of family resource management, housework is an unpaid activity performed by and for family members, and is an activity that can be replaced by purchasing goods or services from the market. This study focuses on the rapid growth of the home appliance market that replaces housework with the development of technology after industrialization, and how the change of technology affected the efficiency of housework. In addition, the composition and characteristics of middle-aged generations greatly changed according to changes in family structure, form, and family value. Examining the current state of housework and changing trends of middle-aged generations, which have different characteristics from previous generations, is significant in that it can predict future market trends and suggest implications for family policies that support the improvement of the quality of life of middle-aged generations.

• Journal of Family Resource Management and Policy Review
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.53-66
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• 2006

This study was designed to get basic informations for the purpose of making healthy leisure environment of college students, and which will improve the satisfaction of their school life. Five hundreds of college students in Daegu and Gyeongbuk area were questioned by, our questionnaire during April, 2005. The data of 405 students (165 men, 240 women) Were analyzed by SPSS WIN 12.0 program. The data of 210 were from Daegu and 195 were from Gyeongbuk area, The results are as follows, First, $80\%$ of those questioned spend their leisure time doing some activities and the satisfaction degree was medium... They get the informations about leisure mainly through internet and the purpose of their leisure activities, were, to get rid of stress. Second; It was shown that their main leisure activities were doing internet, meeting friends, and listening music on weekdays, meeting friends, watching movie and doing internet on weekend. The major activities of the students during vocation were meeting friends, doing internet, and watching TV. Third, the students are concern about their leisure life, and they think that leisure life make improve the quality of life. The last, there is a correlation between quite activities such as watching TV, and dynamic activities such as a mountain-climbing leisure life satisfaction on weekdays. On weekend, however, there is a correlation between dynamic activities such as sports and the leisure life satisfaction. Moreover, on summer (winter) break personal activities such as religious activities and the leisure satisfaction.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.15-24
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• 2024

One of the most significant issues in combinatorial optimization is the classical NP-complete conundrum known as the 0/1 Knapsack Problem. This study delves deeply into the investigation of practical solutions, emphasizing two classic algorithmic paradigms, brute force, and dynamic programming, along with the metaheuristic and nature-inspired family algorithm known as the Genetic Algorithm (GA). The research begins with a thorough analysis of the dynamic programming technique, utilizing its ability to handle overlapping subproblems and an ideal substructure. We evaluate the benefits of dynamic programming in the context of the 0/1 Knapsack Problem by carefully dissecting its nuances in contrast to GA. Simultaneously, the study examines the brute force algorithm, a simple yet comprehensive method compared to Branch & Bound. This strategy entails investigating every potential combination, offering a starting point for comparison with more advanced techniques. The paper explores the computational complexity of the brute force approach, highlighting its limitations and usefulness in resolving the 0/1 Knapsack Problem in contrast to the set above of algorithms.

• Molecules and Cells
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• v.40 no.10
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• pp.796-804
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• 2017

Endogenous retroviruses (ERVs) have been integrated into vertebrate genomes and have momentously affected host organisms. Horses (Equus caballus) have been domesticated and selected for elite racing ability over centuries. ERVs played an important role in the evolutionary diversification of the horse genome. In the present study, we identified six equine ERV families (EqERVs-E1, I1, M2, P1, S1, and Y4), their full-length viral open reading frames (ORFs), and elucidated their phylogenetic relationships. The divergence time of EqERV families assuming an evolutionary rate of 0.2%/Myr indicated that EqERV-S3 (75.4 million years ago; mya) on chromosome 10 is an old EqERV family and EqERV-P5 (1.2 Mya) on chromosome 12 is a young member. During the evolutionary diversification of horses, the EqERV-I family diverged 1.7 Mya to 38.7 Mya. Reverse transcription quantitative real-time PCR (RT-qPCR) amplification of EqERV pol genes showed greater expression in the cerebellum of the Jeju horse than the Thoroughbred horse. These results could contribute further dynamic studies for horse genome in relation to EqERV gene function.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.492-505
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• 2002

This paper examined gender differences in a rate, type, relevant variables of delinquent behavior, and a gender differences regarding the relative influence of family, personality, academic achievement, sexual abuse and alcohol .drug abuse on delinquent behavior among Korean adolescents. Method: Data were collected by self-report questionnaires. Subjects consisted of 2,100 adolescents (male 1,396, female 704) in Korea, using proportional stratified random sampling method. Statistical methods were Chi-square, t-test and path analysis. Result: Male adolescents had higher rate of delinquent behavior, and more all types of delinquent behavior (antisocial, aggressive, and psychopathic) than female. Male adolescents showed more dysfunctional family dynamic environments, higher antisocial personality and sociability than female adolescents. Female adolescents had higher depressive tendencies than male. The most powerful contributing variables on male delinquent behavior were age, antisocial personality, parent-child relationship, isolation feelings, and sexual abuse in this order named. Drug abuse, isolation feelings, antisocial personality and parent-child relationship tended to be contributing variables for female delinquent behaviors in this order named. Conclusion: This investigation will provides a foundation for theory that addresses the complexities of both gender-specific and gender influences on delinquent behavior and development of preventive strategies for female delinquency.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.275-284
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• 2012

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to examine the oral health behavior of shipbuilding company workers in some regions in a bid to provide information on the oral health plans for industrial fields. Methods : The subjects in this study were 310 workers in 10 shipbuilding companies and suppliers in Jeolla Namdo Province, on whom a self-administered survey was conducted. Results : 1. Concerning general information about the subjects who participated in the research, gender was possessed 94.8% by men and 5.2% by women. Age was the largest in 31~40 years old with 44.2%. Marital status was the largest in the married with 64.5%. It was the largest in under high school graduate with 71.9% for academic background, in 2,000,000 won~3,000,000 won with 49.0% for monthly family income, and in cooking with 33.9% for work field. 2. Research subjects' toothbrushing time was indicated to be the largest in after having breakfast. It was indicated to be twice a day with 41.3% for toothbrushing frequency. 90.3% of the respondents are not using auxiliary oral hygiene devices. 3. Recognition on periodontal health status was found larger in workers whose response was that their own periodontal health status is 'healthy' than workers who responded that their status is 'not healthy.' Workers, who don't have subjective symptom on periodontal status, were indicated to be larger. 4. Ratio of subjects with tooth scaling experience accounted for 59.7%. The ratio of tooth scaling experience was indicated to be different depending on academic background and monthly family income. Conclusions : Academic credential, monthly family income and the line of work were identified as the main factors to affect oral health care of the shipbuilding workers. Oral health education and dynamic implementation of corporate oral health promotion which are designed to meet the needs of workers are required.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.93-101
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• 2013

This research purposes to understand architectural aim which the owners of buildings in the Doa-Rak-Dang block pursue through the history of family and construction. Moreover its other purpose is to find the design concepts which were selected to achieve the aim and the design elements which were applied to realize the design concepts. To accomplish the objects, it got rid of a stationary viewpoint but it approached with a dynamic viewpoint which can read the changes in the steps during various periods. Through the 100-year history of construction, the architectural aim of the Doa-Rak-Dang block is to establish the tradition of the Ok-San-Pa family to get over the social limitations of the family of a child by a concubine which began from Lee, Eun-Juk's mistress. The design concepts which were used by the owners of the Dok-Rak-Dang block to achieve the purpose are the extension of public territory and the enrichment of territoriality which have social-political, economical and symbolic means. The geometric applications such as axises and regulating lines were the design elements which were chosen to fulfill the concepts. If the establishment of the architectural aim and design concepts, the process of selecting and constructing proper design elements, and the geometric application in the process are the design principles of the Doa-Rak-Dang block, the principles can be summarized as the geometric applications of axises and regulating lines interacting as the standard of the extension of public area.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.12 no.5_spc
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• pp.117-131
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• 2006

The percentage of divorce has increased rapidly even in Korea where traditionally attaches great importance to a family. However most counselors apply counseling theories and approaches developed in the West when they do counseling for Korean couple. In fact, the culture of Korea carries characteristics of relationism under the Oriental religion like Shamanism, Buddhism, and Confucianism. Therefore it is not easy to gain sufficient counseling effect in Korea with such major counseling approaches. The Korean takes a serious view of family relations between father and son, Therefore the Koran society carries on a family line, devotes their lives to the cause of education, gies precedence to the elder. In such a cultural area, it would be quite helpful for counselors to focus their attention on various roles of each rather than focus on their conflict of intimacy itself.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.10 no.5
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• pp.243-252
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• 2024

This study aimed to propose counseling strategies to enhance the resilience of families caring for dementia patients, a rapidly growing population. Through a literature review, we analyzed the characteristics and influencing factors of resilience in families of dementia patients and examined existing counseling approaches. The results revealed that the resilience of these families is formed through complex interactions of individual, familial, and socio-environmental factors, and has dynamic characteristics that change according to the progression of dementia. Based on these findings, we proposed differentiated counseling strategies for each family member and strategies considering the Korean cultural context. The proposed integrated counseling model includes a multidimensional approach that considers cultural context, family member characteristics, and stages of dementia progression. This study highlights the need for an integrated approach considering cultural context to enhance the resilience of families caring for dementia patients and suggests the necessity for future research to verify the effectiveness of actual counseling interventions.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.7 no.12
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• pp.647-655
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• 2020

This study introduced income mobility analysis using pseudo-longitudinal panel data from Family Income and Expenditure Survey (FIES) to consider the dynamic process of individual's well-being through time. Since there is no comprehensive measurement of income mobility because of its dynamic process, various income mobility indices such as Chi-square, Average Jump Index, Atkinson et al. Mobility Ratio, and Shorrocks' Mobility Index were used. These indices revealed that Filipino households' income movements are more mobile than expected, and their income status improved from 2000 to 2015. As income mobility takes place, income inequality is reduced by 91.80 percent (91.80%). Furthermore, the growth effect is the main factor of income mobility. This indicates that households took the economic opportunities from economic growth to earn more. However, income mobility due to transfer effect (transfer of income from one household to another through lottery winning and borrowing) increased when the economy is not good. The higher income mobility due to growth effect compared to transfer effect, whether the economy is good or bad, means that households learned how to use their income in savings, investments, and entrepreneurship. This is the result of a successful financial literacy program of the government wherein households realized financial stability and security.