• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제47권1호
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• pp.36-46
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• 2014

Objectives: To evaluate the association between fracture risk and levothyroxine use in elderly women with hypothyroidism, according to previous osteoporosis history. Methods: We conducted a cohort study from the Korean Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service claims database from January 2005 to June 2006. The study population comprised women aged ${\geq}65$ years who had been diagnosed with hypothyroidism and prescribed levothyroxine monotherapy. We excluded patients who met any of the following criteria: previous fracture history, hyperthyroidism, thyroid cancer, or pituitary disorder; low levothyroxine adherence; or a follow-up period <90 days. We categorized the daily levothyroxine doses into 4 groups: ${\leq}50{\mu}g/d$, 51 to $100{\mu}g/d$, 101 to $150{\mu}g/d$, and > $150{\mu}g/d$. The hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated with the Cox proportional hazard model, and subgroup analyses were performed according to the osteoporosis history and osteoporosis-specific drug prescription status. Results: Among 11 155 cohort participants, 35.6% had previous histories of osteoporosis. The adjusted HR of fracture for the > $150{\mu}g/d$ group, compared with the 51 to $100{\mu}g/d$ group, was 1.56 (95% CI, 1.03 to 2.37) in osteoporosis subgroup. In the highly probable osteoporosis subgroup, restricted to patients who were concurrently prescribed osteoporosis-specific drugs, the adjusted HR of fracture for the > $150{\mu}g/d$ group, compared with the 51 to 100 ${\mu}g/d$ group, was 1.93 (95% CI, 1.14 to 3.26). Conclusions: While further studies are needed, physicians should be concerned about potential levothyroxine overtreatment in elderly osteoporosis patients.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제31권6호
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• pp.543-549
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• 2021

국화과 식물은 현화식물 중 약 10%를 차지하며, 한반도에서 전통적으로 약용 식물로 사용되었다. 본 연구는 14종 국화과 식물 종자 추출물의 항산화 활성 평가를 통해 식물의 다양성 보전에 기여하기 위해 진행되었다. 충실률 90% 이상이고 발아율이 50% 이상인 종자를 대상으로 실험을 진행하였다. 총 페놀성 물질의 함량은 포천구절초(13.5 mg GAEs/g seeds), 구절초(11.8 mg GAEs/g seeds), 과꽃(11.0 mg GAEs/g seeds) 순으로 가장 높게 나타났다. 총 플라보노이드 함량은 과꽃(9.8 mg QEs/g seeds), 포천구절초(7.2 mg QEs/g seeds), 서양민들레(6.3 mg QEs/g seeds) 순으로 가장 높게 나타났다. DPPH 라디컬 소거활성은 종자 추출물의 종자 추출물의 IC₅₀ 값을 기준으로 포천구절초(57.4 ㎍/ml), 서양민들레(59.1 ㎍/ml), 구절초(65.0 ㎍/ml) 순으로 가장 높게 나타났다. ABTS 라디컬 소거활성은 종자 추출물의 IC₅₀ 값을 기준으로 과꽃(26.2 ㎍/ml), 포천구절초(38.4 ㎍/ml), 서양민들레(40.2 ㎍/ml) 순으로 가장 높게 나타났다. 항산화 활성을 기반으로 한 군집분석에 따라 14 종은 항산화 활성이 높은 group 4에서 항산화 활성이 낮은 group 0까지 5개의 group으로 분류되었다. 높은 페놀성 함량과 항산화 활성을 갖는 group 3와 4에 속하는 구절초, 포천구절초, 서양민들레, 과꽃 종자는 식물 유래 천연 항산화제로써 유력하다.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.114-123
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• 2017

Purpose: The goal of this study was the early diagnosis of ABCB11 spectrum liver disorders, especially those focused on benign recurrent intrahepatic cholestasis and progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis. Methods: Fifty patients presenting neonatal cholestasis were evaluated to identify underlying etiologies. Genetic analysis was performed on patients suspected to have syndromic diseases or ABCB11 spectrum liver disorders. Two families with proven ABCB11 spectrum liver disorders were subjected to genetic analyses to confirm the diagnosis and were provided genetic counseling. Whole exome sequencing and Sanger sequencing were performed on the patients and the family members. Results: Idiopathic or viral hepatitis was diagnosed in 34%, metabolic disease in 20%, total parenteral nutrition induced cholestasis in 16%, extrahepatic biliary atresia in 14%, genetic disease in 10%, neonatal lupus in 2%, congenital syphilis in 2%, and choledochal cyst in 2% of the patients. The patient with progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis had novel heterozygous mutations of ABCB11 c.11C>G (p.Ser4*) and c.1543A>G (p.Asn515Asp). The patient with benign recurrent intrahepatic cholestasis had homozygous mutations of ABCB11 c.1331T>C (p.Val444Ala) and heterozygous, c.3084A>G (p.Ala1028Ala). Genetic confirmation of ABCB11 spectrum liver disorder led to early liver transplantation in the progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis patient. In addition, the atypically severe benign recurrent intrahepatic cholestasis patient was able to avoid unnecessary liver transplantation after genetic analysis. Conclusion: ABCB11 spectrum liver disorders can be clinically indistinguishable as they share similar characteristics related to acute episodes. A comprehensive genetic analysis will facilitate optimal diagnosis and treatment.

• Molecules and Cells
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• 제38권2호
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• pp.105-111
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• 2015

The beta2-adrenergic receptor (${\beta}2AR$) belongs to the G protein coupled receptor (GPCR) family, which is the largest family of cell surface receptors in humans. Extra attention has been focused on the human GPCRs because they have been studied as important protein targets for pharmaceutical drug development. In fact, approximately 40% of marketed drugs directly work on GPCRs. GPCRs respond to various extracellular stimuli, such as sensory signals, neurotransmitters, chemokines, and hormones, to induce structural changes at the cytoplasmic surface, activating downstream signaling pathways, primarily through interactions with heterotrimeric G proteins or through G-protein independent pathways, such as arrestin. Most GPCRs, except for rhodhopsin, which contains covalently linked 11 cis-retinal, bind to diffusible ligands, having various conformational states between inactive and active structures. The first human GPCR structure was determined using an inverse agonist bound ${\beta}2AR$ in 2007 and since then, more than 20 distinct GPCR structures have been solved. However, most GPCR structures were solved as inactive forms, and an agonist bound fully active structure is still hard to obtain. In a structural point of view, ${\beta}2AR$ is relatively well studied since its fully active structure as a complex with G protein as well as several inactive structures are available. The structural comparison of inactive and active states gives an important clue in understanding the activation mechanism of ${\beta}2AR$. In this review, structural features of inactive and active states of ${\beta}2AR$, the interaction of ${\beta}2AR$ with heterotrimeric G protein, and the comparison with ${\beta}1AR$ will be discussed.

• 융합정보논문지
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.31-37
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• 2022

본 연구는 온라인 학습환경에서 대학생의 그릿이 학습만족도에 미치는 영향 중 가족건강성의 매개효과를 확인하기 위하여 실시되었다. 2020년 11월부터 12월까지 C도 G군 소재 일 대학에서 구조화된 설문지를 이용하여 자료를 수집하였으며 가족건강성의 매개효과를 분석하기 위하여 위계적 회귀분석 방법으로 분석하였다. 연구결과 대학생들의 그릿은 가족건강성(r=.230, p<.001) 및 학습만족도(r=.407, p<.001)와 정적 상관관계가 있었으며 가족건강성과 학습만족도,역시 정적 상관관계를 보여주었다(r=.378, p<.001). 가족건강성은 그릿과 학습만족도와의 관계에서 부분 매개효과가 있었다(adj R2=.243). 이는 온라인 학습환경에서 대학생들의 학습만족도를 높이는데 있어 그릿은 직접적 영향 뿐 아니라 가족건강성을 통하여 간접적 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 그러므로 온라인 학습환경에서 대학생들의 학습만족도를 높이기 위한 방안으로 그릿과 가족건강성 모두를 고려한 프로그램의 개발과 시행이 있어야 할 것이다.

• ALGAE
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.231-238
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• 2009

The genus Grateloupia is the largest with more than 96 currently recognized species in the family Halymeniaceae, but morphological features of the genus are highly homoplasious making species identification difficult. In this study, we analyzed rbcL gene from 34 samples collected in Korea and compared the haplotypes of Korean species with those already published. The rbcL tree confirmed the occurrence of eight species in Korea: G. asiatica, G. catenata, G. divaricata, G. elliptica, G. imbricata, G. lanceolata, G. subpectina, and G. turuturu. All, except G. asiatica and G.catenata, been introduced from their native northeastern Asian waters to Australasian, European, and North American waters. The introduced haplotypes of G. lanceolata in Europe and North America were absent in Korea, while haplotype sharing of G. turuturu in Korea and Europe was common. Further sampling will show a source population of each introduced species and also provide a correct list of Grateloupia from Korea, including the other remaining 11 species of the genus.

• Journal of Species Research
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.244-257
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• 2023

The family Ameiridae Boeck, 1865 (Copepoda; Harpacticoida) consists of about 380 species in 47 genera, but only 10 species have been reported in Korea. A benthic ameirid species was collected from the East Sea of Korea. Specimens were identified as members of the genus Ameiropsis Sars G.O., 1907, and this is the first record of the genus Ameiropsis in the Pacific Ocean. Ameiropsis gyeongjuensis sp. nov. is morphologically similar to A. mixta Sars G.O., 1907 and A. longicornis Sars G.O., 1907 from Norway. However, the new species is clearly distinguishable from the others based on the following morphological characteristics: the proximal segment of antennary exopod with a bulge in the middle, and with one pinnate seta; the distal segment of antennary exopod with a thickened, blade-shaped outer seta; and female P5 baseoendopod with five setae and exopod with six setae. An identification key to species is provided for the 11 valid species of the genus Ameiropsis.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.11-15
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• 2019

Lauraceae is a family medicinal plant whose tubers possesses antimicrobial, and cytotoxic, such as antiparasitic and anti-inflammatory special effects and has been used for the medicine in the cure of hepatitis and rheumatism. The antimicrobial activities of bioactive compounds including one neolignan; kunstlerone (1) and two alkaloids include isocaryachine (2) and noratherosperminine (3) as well as crude hexane, methanol and dichloromethane extracts were evaluated. Additionally, the effect of compounds 1, 2 and 3 were evaluated on A549, PC-3, A375, HT-29 and WRL-68 cell lines. In conclusion, kunstlerone 1 showed moderate cytotoxicity against various cancer cell lines such as A549, PC-3, A375, HT-29 and WRL-68, respectively with $EC_{50}$ values of 28.02, 26.78, 33.78, 33.65 and $16.46{\mu}g/mL$. The crude methanol extract showed antigrowth activity against S. pyogenes II and B. cereus, with MICs of $256{\mu}g/mL$. The compounds kunstlerone (1), isocaryachine (2) and noratherosperminine (3) showed complete inhibition against P. shigelloides, with MIC ${\leq}60{\mu}g/mL$ compare to ampicillin, as a positive control, which showed antigrowth activity against P. shigelloides at MIC $10{\mu}g/mL$.

• 생물정신의학
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.146-154
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• 2004

Objective:Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD) is the most common childhood psychiatric disorder, affecting 3-5% of school-aged children. Although the biological basis of ADHD is unknown, family studies provide strong evidence that ADHD has a genetic basis. Recent genetic studies have suggested associations between ADHD and serotonin 1B(5HT1B) receptor gene G861C polymorphism. The aim of this study is to test for the association between ADHD and 5HT1B receptor gene G861C polymorphism in Korean population. Method:We processed DNA extraction and genotyping. 106 Korean children with ADHD and their parents were analyzed using the transmission disequilibrium test(TDT) and haplotype-based haplotype relative risk (HHRR). And the ADHD children were compared with 212 age and gender matched normal controls. Results:There was no statistical difference of distributions between ADHD cases and controls. We did not observe any preferential transmission of alleles of 5HT1B receptor gene G861C polymorphism in ADHD. Conclusions:Though there is the possibility of failing to detect small genetic effects, our results show no evidence of an association between ADHD and 5HT1B receptor gene G861C polymorphism in the Korean population and indicate that it is unlikely that the 5HT1B receptor is implicated in the susceptibility to ADHD.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제52권4호
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• pp.216-220
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• 2009

Aldo-keto reductase family 1 B10 (AKR1B10) has been considered as a potential cancer therapeutic target. Ethanol extracts prepared from 82 Korean local plants were examined for their antioxidant activity and inhibitory effects on recombinant human AKR1B10 (rhAKR1B10) in vitro. 21 extracts showed more than 80% of ABTS radical scavenging activity at $100\;{\mu}g/mL$ and 11 extracts inhibited more than 50% of rhAKR1B10 activity at $10\;{\mu}g/mL$. Especially, 9 extracts showed potent inhibition on rhAKR1B10 activity compared with positive control tetramethylene glutaric acid.