• 공학교육연구
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.46-54
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• 2022

This study attempted non-face-to-face collaborative product development practice that can respond to the spread of COVID-19 by expanding existing product data management system-based product development practice. For the complete non-face-to-face product development practice, it utilized prototype development using a 3D paper model, an online class management system and social media for classes and meetings. As a result of applying the non-face-to-face method, product developments of 26 practice teams have been completed without any failures. Therefore, through this study, the author can confirm that it is possible to provide the complete non-face-to-face collaborative product development practice based on product data management systems.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2003년도 학술회의 논문집 정보 및 제어부문 B
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• pp.1006-1009
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• 2003

In this paper, we propose a technique of the recognition of partial face. Most of the research is concentrated on the recognition of whole face Since part of the face area in an image can be damaged or overlapped, face recognition based on partial face is required. PCA and LDA technique is applied to the recognition of partial face. Also, a new method to combine the results of the recognition of parts of the face.

• 한국정보시스템학회지:정보시스템연구
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.277-301
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• 2021

Purpose The purpose of this study is to analyze the sentiment responses of the general public to non-face-to-face work using text mining methodology. As the number of non-face-to-face complaints is increasing over time, it is difficult to review and analyze in traditional methods such as surveys, and there is a limit to reflect real-time issues. Approach This study has proposed a method of the research model, first by collecting and cleansing the data related to non-face-to-face work among tweets posted on Twitter. Second, topics and keywords are extracted from tweets using LDA(Latent Dirichlet Allocation), a topic modeling technique, and changes for each section are analyzed through DTM(Dynamic Topic Modeling). Third, the complaints of non-face-to-face work are analyzed through the classification of positive and negative polarity in the COVID-19 section. Findings As a result of analyzing 1.54 million tweets related to non-face-to-face work, the number of IDs using non-face-to-face work-related words increased 7.2 times and the number of tweets increased 4.8 times after COVID-19. The top frequently used words related to non-face-to-face work appeared in the order of remote jobs, cybersecurity, technical jobs, productivity, and software. The words that have increased after the COVID-19 were concerned about lockdown and dismissal, and business transformation and also mentioned as to secure business continuity and virtual workplace. New Normal was newly mentioned as a new standard. Negative opinions found to be increased in the early stages of COVID-19 from 34% to 43%, and then stabilized again to 36% through non-face-to-face work sentiment analysis. The complaints were, policies such as strengthening cybersecurity, activating communication to improve work productivity, and diversifying work spaces.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제44권3호
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• pp.251-256
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• 2017

The most important environment of human being is the human being itself. So we have been sensitive to the appearance of ours and others at the same time. This writing aims for locating origins of the face and discerning differences [1] between the face of humans and those of other animals [2]. The face assumes a substantial significance not merely as a body function, but, above all, a means of expressions and features being looked at. The face is an important means of communication to humans as social animals. Knowledges about the various faces of the face are useful to become a efficient specialist as an extensive generalist because the face is a regular patron to the plastic surgery. The face in Korean consists of two elements of eol (the soul or the mind) and gul a residing place). When Wittgenstein says "the face is the soul of the body," his semantics corresponds to the Korean meaning. The meaning of the face in Korean is summed up in five ways. (1) the head or the front of the face with the eye, the nose and the mouth, (2) reputation or honor, (3) the general description of the psychological state, such as "the face of sadness", (4) a figure person representing a particular area, such as "Sun Dong-yul is the face of the Korean baseball community," (5) the primary imagery of the things and the event, such as "He is the face of the 4.19 Revolution." As such, the word "face", referring to a body part, extends its usages in a wide variety of contexts. What image do you convoke when you think of a person? With rare exceptions, you are most likely to invoke the face of the person. The face has come to be a byword for one's reputation or honor, and a pronoun for an expression of the essence of the thing and the event. This is presumably true of other languages. That is because human beings are equipped with the universal rule of language. A comprehensive understanding of the face is a must for cosmetic surgeons whose main responsibility is to sculpt and repair the face (Fig. 1).

• 대한방사선기술학회지:방사선기술과학
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• 제45권6호
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• pp.531-541
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• 2022

This study surveyed 233 students who experienced non-face-to-face and face-to-face classes in "86 first-year, 76 second-year, and 71 third-year students" enrolled in the radiology department of universities in the Seoul metropolitan area. The main question of questionnaire consisted of a total of 14 questions, including online lectures and face-to-face lectures, use of electronic devices during classes, students' thoughts on flipped learning methods, and finally, whether it was helpful for students who were unable to participate in face-to-face classes due to COVID-19 to take classes online. The responses were composed optional to select the content of the questionnaire and descriptive to obtain open thinking from students. Comparing the significance level of responses of second and third graders based on the first graders, p>0.05 for second graders and p<0.05 for third graders, showing a significant difference in satisfaction with third graders who were greatly damaged by COVID-19 and freshmen. In conclusion, even in a situation where face-to-face lectures can be conducted, it is considered beneficial for students to conduct online lectures and face-to-face lectures according to the method of the major subject.

• 한국간호교육학회지
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.247-262
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• 2023

Purpose: This study aimed to identify the types of perception toward non-face-to-face clinical practice and to characterize the types of students who experienced online clinical practice during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Methods: Q-methodology was used in this study, and 270 Q populations were formed based on in-depth interviews with 10 nursing students who had experienced non-face-to-face clinical practice, as well as related literature. Interviews were performed from August 1 to 31, 2022. A total of 42 Q samples were extracted, and Q sorting was performed on 33 nursing students who had experienced non-face-to-face clinical practice. A Q factor analysis was performed using the PC-QUANL program. Results: The nursing students' perceptions of non-face-to-face clinical practice were classified into the following five types: "future professional competency-focused type," "realistic convenience priority type," "task burden awareness type," "negative critic type," and "limited experience dissatisfaction type." Conclusion: This study revealed non-face-to-face clinical practice's positive and negative aspects in nursing education. Moreover, it identified the aspects of clinical practice that cannot be replaced by non-face-to-face clinical practice and the elements of non-face-to-face practice that can complement clinical practice. These findings can be used as fundamental data to establish a stable and efficient system for improving the quality of clinical practice in the post-COVID-19 era and to implement effective non-face-to-face clinical practice according to student types.

• 한국재난정보학회 논문집
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.640-654
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• 2021

연구목적: 코로나바이러스감염증-19(COVID-19)의 국가재난상황에서 정상적인 교육운영이 어려웠다. 비대면 교육은 기존의 교육의 대안이 될 수 있지만 동일한 수준의 교육을 제공하기란 쉬운 일은 아니다. 본 연구에서는 재난분야 교수자가 비대면교육의 전반적인 운영과 진행 등에서 발생할 수 있는 문제점을 파악하고 이를 통해서 비대면교육의 개선방안을 모색한다. 연구방법: 비대면 실시간 교육을 크게 수업이전(Pre-class), 수업 중(In-class), 수업 이후(Post-class) 로 분류하여 교수자의 설문조사와 인터뷰를 통해 개선점을 파악 하였다. 연구결과 및 결론: 조사결과를 정리하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 수업이전에는 교수자를 위한 비대면 교육공간을 제공하는 것도 고려해볼만 하고 비대면 교육장비와 시스템에 대한 사전교육의 필요성이 요구되었다. 또한 수업에 관한 공지를 충분히 함으로써 교육이 원활하게 운영 될 수 있도록 해야 하고 실습교육을 위한 비대면 교육 프로그램 개발에 대한 노력이 필요해 보인다. 둘째, 비대면 수업 중에는 교수자와 학습자 그리고 학습자간의 의사소통이 중요한 요소가 될 수 있다. 이를 위해 토론식 수업을 적극 활용하여 학습자의 교육 참여를 이끌고, 끊임없는 상호작용을 통해 교육효과를 높여야 할 필요가 있다. 셋째, 비대면 수업이후에는 영상기록물로 인한 사생활 보호에 관한 정책을 마련해 사전에 교수자의 사생활을 보호해야 하고 교육 자료에 대한 저작권침해 부분 역시 고려되어야 할 것이다. 또한 공정하고 객관적인 평가를 위해 다양한 방법을 고안해야 할 필요가 있다. 인터뷰 결과를 살펴보면 비대면 교육의 구성요소인 콘텐츠에서는 비대면 교육이 교육 설계부터 비대면 교육에 맞는 교육 인원, 내용, 커리큘럼에 대한 세밀한 계획이 요구된다고 할 수 있다. 시스템에서는 교수자가 비대면 수업을 하기 전 프로그램에 대한 사전교육을 통해서 교수가 프로그램의 기능을 충분히 익히고 숙지할 수 있는 시간을 줄 필요가 있고 비대면 교육 전 사전점검을 철저히 하고 만일의 문제에 대비하여 신속하게 해결할 수 있는 helpdesk를 운영을 할 필요가 있다.

• 대한치과기공학회지
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• 제43권2호
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• pp.62-68
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• 2021

Purpose: This study examined the correlations between the satisfaction and effectiveness of practical training and theory lectures under two conditions: face-to-face lectures and non-face-to-face online lectures. Methods: A survey of 436 public health student, whereafter SPSS 20.0 (IBM) was used on the data to conduct frequency, descriptive statistics, and exploratory factor analyses. The Cronbach's α value was estimated in a reliability analysis, and a simple regression analysis was conducted to verify the study hypothesis. Results: It was found that the students preferred pre-recorded lectures online for both practical training and theory, claiming that when compared with face-to-face lectures, these non-face-to-face lectures meant a shorter commute and the ability to repeat the content. However, it was admitted that technical issues such as facilities or access difficulties and lower concentration could be a problem. The hypothesis that course satisfaction affects lecture effectiveness was verified, with both the practical training and theory lectures found to have a statistically significant positive (+) effect. The explanatory power of student satisfaction on the effectiveness of the theory component was slightly higher than that of the practical training component, with the students having more positive perceptions on the necessity of face-to-face lectures in practical training than they did for those in theoretical instruction. Conclusion: Providing non-face-to-face online theory courses and face-to-face practical training courses could increase student satisfaction and lecture effectiveness.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2005년도 춘계 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.1335-1342
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• 2005

In this paper, there is intended to introduce the new tunnel face shape, that is concave shaped face, and discusses its effects on the tunnel stabilization. Therefore, a comparative analysis in which the stability of a concave face was compared to that of a conventional plane face on the basis of displacement patterns in the tunnel face was conducted using a model test. In order to check and confirm displacement patterns on the concave face according to the radius of curvature as well as those around the face according to lateral pressure coefficient(k), two experimental concave models, produced at a scale of 1:2 and 1:5(tunnel radius), of the forefront of the curved area extended from plane face was built and tested.

• 문화기술의 융합
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• 제8권6호
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• pp.223-231
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• 2022

우리의 일상생활에 큰 변화를 가져온 코비드-19는 대학 교육에도 역시 큰 변화를 가져왔다. 전통적인 대면 수업방식에서 비대면 방식으로 변경되어 수업이 이루어지면서 교수자와 학생 모두 적응에 애를 먹는 모습을 보였고, 비대면 수업으로 인한 학력 격차의 발생 등의 문제 역시 제기되었다. 이에 본 연구는 코비드-19로 인한 대학의 비대면 수업에 대해 학생들이 어떠한 태도를 보이는지 알아보고자 하였다. 이에 본 연구는 Q 방법론을 적용하여 대학생들이 비대면 수업에 대해 가지고 있는 주관적 인식의 유형을 파악하고 이를 통해 향후 비대면 수업방식의 개발과 개선에 있어 참고할 점을 제안하고자 하였다. 30명의 P 표본과 34개의 Q 표본을 이용하여 분석한 결과 5개의 유형이 발견되었다. 첫째, 학습의 효율성 중시형, 둘째, 수업의 참여와 소통 중시형, 셋째, 비대면 수업의 적극적 수용과 활용형, 넷째, 원격 시스템과 장비 작동 오류로 인한 불만형, 다섯째, 상황에 따른 수동적 대응형이다. 본 연구의 결과를 바탕으로 살펴보았을 때 각 유형의 특성을 고려한 효과적인 비대면 수업을 위한 교육 방법의 개발이 필요할 것으로 보이며, 비대면 수업, 특히 녹화 강의가 갖는 학습의 효율성 측면에서의 장점은 분명한 것으로 보인다. 따라서 대면 수업이 대학에서 전면적으로 이루어지더라도 수업에서 동영상 녹화 강의를 보완적으로 제공하는 것이 학생들의 학습에 큰 도움이 될 것으로 여겨진다.