• 한국재료학회지
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• 제20권10호
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• pp.508-512
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• 2010

The optimum route to fabricate nano-sized Fe-50 wt% Co and hydrogen-reduction behavior of calcined Fe-/Conitrate was investigated. The powder mixture of metal oxides was prepared by solution mixing and calcination of Fe-/Co-nitrate. A DTA-TG and microstructural analysis revealed that the nitrates mixture by the calcination at $300^{\circ}C$ for 2 h was changed to Fe-oxide/$Co_3O_4$ composite powders with an average particle size of 100 nm. The reduction behavior of the calcined powders was analyzed by DTA-TG in a hydrogen atmosphere. The composite powders of Fe-oxide and Co3O4 changed to a Fe-Co phase with an average particle size of 40 nm in the temperature range of $260-420^{\circ}C$. In the TG analysis, a two-step reduction process relating to the presence of Fe3O4 and a CoO phase as the intermediate phase was observed. The hydrogen-reduction kinetics of the Fe-oxide/Co3O4 composite powders was evaluated by the amount of peak shift with heating rates in TG. The activation energies for the reduction, estimated by the slope of the Kissinger plot, were 96 kJ/mol in the peak temperature range of $231-297^{\circ}C$ and 83 kJ/mol of $290-390^{\circ}C$, respectively. The reported activation energy of 70.4-94.4 kJ/mol for the reduction of Fe- and Co-oxides is in reasonable agreement with the measured value in this study.

• 폴리머
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• 제30권5호
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• pp.407-411
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• 2006

액상의 고분자 전구체 polyvinylsilazane (PVS) 혹은 allylhydridopolycarbosilane(AHPCS)를 실리콘 기판 위에 스핀 코팅한 다음, DVD 마스터로부터 제조된 polydimethylsiloxane(PDMS) 몰드를 이용한 자외선 나노임프린트법으로 나노 크기의 고분자 패턴을 제조하였다. 나아가 질소 분위기하에서 $800^{\circ}C$ 열처리함으로써 각각 SiCN, SiC 세라믹 패턴도 제조하였다. 가교된 고분자와 세라믹 패턴의 폭과 넓이를 원자힘현미경(AFM)과 주사전자현미경(SEM)으로 관측한 결과 PVS와 AHPCS의 패턴 높이는 각각 38.5%와 24.1%, 패턴 폭은 18.8%와 16.7%의 수축률을 나타내었다. 즉 전구체의 세라믹 수율이 높을수록 세라믹 패턴 수축률은 낮아졌고, 패턴과 기판과의 접착에 의한 수축억제로 이방성 수축현상도 관찰되었다. 본 연구결과는 새로운 세라믹 MEMS 소자제작공정으로서 나노임프린트법의 가능성과 수축률 제어 연구가 필요함을 제시하고 있다.

• 한국세라믹학회지
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• 제44권7호
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• pp.343-348
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• 2007

Alumina/silver nanocomposites were fabricated using a soaking method through a sol-gel route to construct an intra-type nanostructure. The pulse electric-current sintering (PECS) technique was used to sinter the nanocomposites. Several specimens were annealed after sintering. The microstructure, mechanical properties, critical frontal process zone (FPZ) size, and thermo-mechanical properties of the nanocomposites were estimated. The relative densities of the specimens sintered at 1350 and $1450^{\circ}C$ were 95% and 99%, respectively. The maximum value of the three-point bending strength was found to be 780 MPa for the $2{\times}2{\times}10 mm$ specimen sintered at $1350^{\circ}C$. The fracture toughness of the specimen sintered at $1350^{\circ}C$ was measured to be $3.60 MPa{\cdot}m^{1/2}$ using the single-edge V-notched beam (SEVNB) technique. The fracture mode of the nanocomposites was transgranular, in contrast to the intergranular mode of monolithic alumina. The fracture morphology suggested that dislocations were generated around the silver nanoparticles dispersed within the alumina matrix. The specimens sintered at $1350^{\circ}C$ were annealed at $800^{\circ}C$ for 5 min, following which the maximum fracture strength became 810 MPa and the fracture toughness improved to $4.21 MPam^{1/2}$. The critical FPZ size was the largest for the specimen annealed at $800^{\circ}C$ for 5 min. Thermal conductivity of the alumina/silver nanocomposites sintered at $1350^{\circ}C$ was 38 W/mK at room temperature, which was higher than the value obtained with the law of mixture.

• 대한금속재료학회지
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• 제56권11호
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• pp.835-843
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• 2018

In this work, we report a delta rosette strain sensor based on highly stretchable silver nanowire (AgNW) percolation piezoresistors. The proposed rosette strain sensors were easily prepared by a facile two-step fabrication route. First, three identical AgNW piezoresistive electrodes were patterned in a simple and precise manner on a donor film using a solution-processed drop-coating of the AgNWs in conjunction with a tape-type shadow mask. The patterned AgNW electrodes were then entirely transferred to an elastomeric substrate while embedding them in the polymer matrix. The fabricated stretchable AgNW piezoresistors could be operated at up to 20% strain without electrical or mechanical failure, showing a maximum gauge factor as high as 5.3, low hysteresis, and high linearity ($r^2{\approx}0.996$). Moreover, the sensor responses were also found to be highly stable and reversible even under repeated strain loading/unloading for up to 1000 cycles at a maximum tensile strain of 20%, mainly due to the mechanical stability of the AgNW/elastomer composites. In addition, both the magnitude and direction of the principal strain could be precisely characterized by configuring three identical AgNW piezoresistors in a delta rosette form, representing the potential for employing the devices as a multidimensional strain sensor in various practical applications.

• 대한금속재료학회지
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• 제49권6호
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• pp.474-487
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• 2011

Bars of OFHC Cu with the diameter of 45 mm were processed by equal channel angular pressing up to 16 passes via route $B_c$, and homogeneity of their microstructures and mechanical properties was examined at every four passes which develop the equiaxed ultrafine grains. In general, overall hardness, yield strength and tensile strength increased by 3, 7, and 2 times respectively compared with those of unECAPed sample. Cross-sectional hardness exhibited a concentric distribution. Hardness was the highest at the center of bar and it decreased gradually from center to surface. After 16 passes, overall hardness decreased due to recovery and partial recrystallization. Regardless of the number of passage, yield strength and tensile strength were quite uniform at all positions, but elongation showed some degree of scattering. At 4 passes, coarse and ultrafine grains coexisted at all positions. After 4 passes, uniform equiaxed ultrafine grains were obtained at the center, while uniform elongated ultrafine grains were manifested at the upper half position. At the lower half position, grains were equiaxed but its size were inhomogeneous. It was found that inhomogeneity of grain morphology and grain size distribution at different positions are to be attributed to scattering in elongation but they did not affect strength. The present results reveal the high potential of practical application of equal channel angular pressing on fabrication of large-sized ultrafine grained bars with quite homogeneous mechanical properties.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제29권1C호
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• pp.102-110
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• 2004

본 논문에서는 이차원 이산 웨이블릿 변환을 이용한 실시간 영상 압축 및 복원 프로세서의 구조를 제안하고 ASIC(Application specific integrated circuit) 라이브러리를 이용하여 최소의 하드웨어로 구현하였다. 구현된 하드웨어에서 데이터 패스부는 웨이블릿 변환과 역변환을 수행하는 DWT 커널(Kernel)부, 양자화기 및 역양자화기, 허프만 엔코더 및 디코더, 웨이블릿 역변환 시 계수의 덧셈을 수행하는 덧셈기 및 버퍼, 그리고 입출력을 위한 인터페이스와 버퍼로 구성하였다. 제어부는 프로그래밍 레지스터와 명령어를 디코딩하여 제어 신호를 생성하는 주 제어부, 그리고 상태를 외부로 알리는 상태 레지스터로 구성된다. 프로그래밍 조건에 따라서 영상을 압축할 때의 출력은 웨이블릿 계수, 양자화 계수 혹은 양자화 인덱스, 그리고 허프만 코드 중에서 선택하여 발생할 수 있고 영상을 복원할 때의 출력은 허프만 디코딩 결과, 복원된 양자화 계수 그리고 복원된 웨이블릿 계수 중에서 선택하여 발생할 수 있다. 프로그래밍 레지스터는 총 16개로 구성되어 있는데 각각이 한번의 수직 혹은 수평 방향의 웨이블릿 변환을 수행할 수 있고 각각의 레지스터들이 차례대로 동작하기 때문에 4 레벨의 웨이브릿 변환을 한번의 프로그래밍으로 수행가능하다. 구현된 하드웨어는 Hynix 0.35m CMOS 공정의 합성 라이브러리를 가지고 Synopsys 합성툴을 이용하여 게이트 레벨의 네트리스트(Netlist)를 추출하였고 이 네트리스트로부터 Vela 툴을 이용하여 타이밍정보를 추출하였다. 추출된 네트리스트와 타이밍정보(sdf 파일)를 입력으로 하여 NC-Verilog를 이용하여 타이밍 시뮬레이션을 수행하여 구현된 회로를 검증하였다. 또한 Apollo 툴을 이용하여 PNR(Place and route) 및 레이아웃을 수행하였다. 구현된 회로는 약 5만 게이트의 적은 하드웨어 자원을 가지고 최대 80MHz에서 동작 가능하였다.

• 센서학회지
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.93-100
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• 1996

높은 큐리온도를 가진 다결정 세라믹스 $Sr_{2}(Ta_{1-x}Nbx)_{2}O_{7}$ 및 $La_{2}Ti_{2}O_{7}$을 고상반응법과 용융염합성법으로 제조하고 조성과 하소 및 소결조건에 따른 분말특성, 상구조, 소결특성, 입자배향도 및 전기적 특성을 조사하였다. 용융염합성법에 의해 합성된 하소분말의 단일상은 고상반응법에 의한 것보다 100 - $150^{\circ}C$ 낮은 하소온도에서 나타났다. 한편 $Sr_{2}(Ta_{1-x}Nbx)_{2}O_{7}$ 소결체에서 Nb의 조성이 커질수록 입자배향도가 커지고 소결성 및 고온에서의 유전특성이 좋아졌다. 또 용융염합성법으로 $A_{2}B_{2}O_{7}$ 세라믹스를 제조할 경우 고상반응법에 비해 소결온도를 낮출 수 있고 비유전율도 다소 높일 수 있으나 압전특성이나 입자배향도는 향상되지 않았다.