• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.101-110
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• 2022

Recently, the global construction market is expected to grow at an annual average of 4.8% by 2025 and the risk of overseas construction is also expected to increase accordingly. In particular, domestic construction companies intensively participated in the EPC(Engineering, Procurement, Construction)/Turnkey project, but as a result of failing to respond to contractual risks, they have suffered losses of trillions of won in overseas business since 2013. Nevertheless, there have been not many studies on the derivation of EPC/Turnkey's contractual key risk sub-clauses. Therefore, in this study, the key risk sub-clauses were studied for the conditions of the 2017 Silver Book contract issued by the International Consulting Engineering Federation(FIDIC). To this end, 30 experts with more than 10 years of experience in international construction contracts were formed as a panel to conduct a Delphi survey on 170 sub-clauses of 21 clauses of FIDIC Silver Book to derive 62 main risk sub-clauses. In addition, the RPN(Risk Priority Number) was finally calculated using the FMEA(Failure Mode and Effect Analysis) technique, and 25 key risk sub-clauses within the Critical Risk range were derived. Through the results of this study, the practical point of view is able to refer to the contract provisions to be carefully reviewed at the bidding and contract signing stage in overseas construction projects. From an academic point of view, it provides direction and basic knowledge of how to study the contract fields used in overseas construction EPC/Turnkey projects.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.141-148
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• 2003

Since the introduction of The Product Liability Law, effective since July 2002, more and more companies and end-users have been giving their attention to the safety of products. A number of existing risk analysis techniques are being implemented to manufacturing sites. However, they have certain restrictions such as incurring different techniques that are to be implemented at each stage of the product development. This is due to their domain of the analysis differing from one to another. Moreover, the results of these analyses are not specific enough, and are subject to further revision. This study proceeds to look at various examinations undertaken on the existing risk analysis techniques. Through implementing them on certain products, investigations on the strengths and weaknesses were ascertained. This has allowed improvements on the existing techniques to be achieved as tell as the development of a new risk analysis technique, 'HuBRA(Human Behavior Risk Analysis)'. Finally the new technique was implemented on products to confirm its effectiveness.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.14-24
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• 2012

Recently, a delivery system has been rapidly changed in the global construction market. Also, construction projects are becoming bigger and more technology-intensive. A lot of projects have been delivered by Design-Build(DB) System; from the standpoint of cost, approximately 40% of delivered constructions by a Public Procurement Service were DB in 2009. Nevertheless, the achievement has not surpassed our expectations on management of the project cost. On the characteristic of DB, the reasons why that happens are that projects contract have been signed after the Design Development Stage; the insufficient review about new technology and up-to-date construction methods; a lack of discussion in process of design. Those reasons cause a risk of increasing Cost of the projects. In order to solve these problems, it is desirable to find Cost-increasing factors in promoting the projects and select on the order of priority for Risk-Factor with careful management. Therefore, this study analyzed the weight of each phase of the project on the authority of properties of DB project, and identified Risk-factors which is increasing the cost on the aspect of project management. Based on this analysis, the impact assessment of Risk-factor is evaluated through the Failure Mode and Effect Analysis(FMEA).

• IE interfaces
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.376-381
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• 2012

As the number, complexity and interaction of electrical, electronic and programmable electronic (E/E/PE) systems increase, a growing emphasis has been placed on the concept of functional safety during product development. IEC 61508 provides guidelines and standardized procedures in the development of reliable and dependable E/E/PE systems to assure functional safety. Determining risk classes (i.e., safety integrity levels, SILs) associated to a specific E/E/PE item may be recognized as one of the most crucial activities in the product development per IEC 61508 since SILs are used to specify necessary safety requirements for achieving an acceptable residual risk. This article presents a case study on the assessment of SILs applying failure modes, effects and diagnostic analysis (FMEDA) from which failure rates may be derived for each important failure category by combining a standard FMEA with online diagnostic techniques.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.68-74
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• 2014

As the number of ECUs (Electronic control units) are increasing, reliability and functional stability of a software in an ECU is getting more important. Therefore the application of functional safety standards ISO 26262 is making the software more reliable. Software fault injection test (SFIT) is required as a verification technique for the application of ISO 26262. In case of applying SFIT, an artificial error is injected to inspect the vulnerability of the system which is not easily detected during normal operation. In this paper, the basic concept of SFIT will be examined and the application of SIFT based on ISO26262 will be described.

• Proceedings of the Korea Society for Industrial Systems Conference
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• 2001.05a
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• pp.95-98
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• 2001

PL(product Liability, 제조물 책임)이란 제품의 결함에 의하여 소비자에게 생긴 손해를 배상할 의무를 부담하는 것을 말한다. 선진국에서는 제조자에게 엄격 책임(Strict Liability)을 인정하는 민사 책임 법을 시행하고 있으며, 우리 나라에서도 2002년 7월부터 PL 법의 시행을 앞두고 있어 그 방어대책이 절실한 시점이다. 제품의 안전성, 신뢰성 문제의 80%이상인 대부분의 요인이 설계에 있으며, 문제 해결의 근원은 단적인 의미로 설계품질을 높이는 것이라 할 수 있다. 본 발표에서는 PL법 시행에 대비한 제조물 책임 예방대책을 알아 보고, QFD, 신뢰성 전개, FTA, FMEA를 단계별로 연결하여 신뢰성, 안전성 평가의 결과를 정확히 분석할 수 있는 QDRD 기법을 소개하고자 한다.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2006.11b
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• pp.1468-1476
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• 2006

The goal of this thesis is to support safety and reliability characteristics of software intensive critical systems. The verification method developed is innovative from current state of the art in what concerns the verification viewpoint adopted: focusing on software faults, and not, like many other approaches purely on fulfilling functional requirements. As a first step and based on a number of well defined criteria a comparison was made of available literature in the area of static non formal non probabilistic software fault removal techniques. But, None of the techniques evaluated fulfilled all criteria set in isolation. Therefore a new technique was developed based on a combination of two existing techniques: the FMEA and FTA. These two techniques complement each other very well. It is possible to integrate both techniques with commonly used techniques at system level. The resulting new technique can be shown to combine nearly all aspects of existing fault removal techniques.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers A
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• v.48 no.5
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• pp.517-523
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• 1999

The Start-up transformers or on-site stand-by transformers are installed for the start-up and shut-down of generator and emergency status in unclear power plant. The on-site power supply configuration using these transformers must be detemined by considering configuration requirements, site characteristics, reliability and availability severely because it is remarkably important for safety and benefit of plant. The start-up or stand-by power supply configuration has been determined considering only safety requirements and construction cost up to now in Korea. I study various reliability estimating methods for the prediction of availability, and estimate the unavailability for the start-up power supply system of two 1,000㎿ unclear power plants. I also detemine the reliability and unavailability and unavailavility of equipment, system and configuration using FTA method.

• Journal of Energy Engineering
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.10-16
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• 2015

Recently, RCM(reliability centered maintenance) process is introduced and applied for the planning and implementing efficient and effective maintenance system in terms of optimal rolling stock maintenance. Particularly, cost-time benefits analysis associated with the implementation of RCM for rolling stock maintenance is necessary and required for railway operator in advance. The RCM process was primarily starting from military, airplane and nuclear industries and is now adapted in railway industry for local railway operators. This paper focuses on suggesting the way of connecting the RCM process with railway maintenance activities in the railway operation field. Thus, in order to introduce and establish reliability activities, it needs to review and evaluate the maintenance environment in the organizational point of view. Based on these reviews and evaluations, various maintenance methodologies are reviewed for customizing local railway field situations and establish specific process in the application of major systems on the reliability technology. In this paper, the railway RCM process is proposed for the establishment and construction of the systematic and optimal maintenance system.

• Journal of Hydrogen and New Energy
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.73-81
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• 2020

For the fault tree analysis (FTA) analysis of the packaged hydrogen filling station, the composition of the charging station was analyzed and the fault tree (FT) diagram was prepared. FT diagrams were created by dividing the causes of events into external factors and internal factors with the hydrogen event as the top event. The external factors include the effects of major disasters caused by natural disasters and external factors as OR gates. Internal factors are divided into tube tailer, compressor & storage tank, and dispenser, which are composed of mistakes in operation process and causes of accidents caused by parts leakage. In this study, the purpose was to improve the hydrogen station. The subjects of this study were domestic packaged hydrogen stations and FTA study was conducted based on the previous studies, failure mode & effect analysis (FMEA) and hazard & operability study (HAZOP). Top event as a hydrogen leaking event and constructed the flow of events based on the previous study. Refer to "Off shore and onshore reliability data 6th edition", "European Industry Reliability Data Bank", technique for human error rate prediction (THERP) for reliability data. We hope that this study will help to improve the safety and activation of the hydrogen station.