• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
• /
• v.28 no.3
• /
• pp.177-185
• /
• 2017

In this paper, we proposed a concept of interference load to analyze the performance of spectrum sharing technologies in unlicensed frequency bands. The interference load can quantitatively compare the technical properties of various spectrum sharing technologies, such as frequency hopping(FH), duty cycle(DC), listen-before-talk(LBT). Therefore, it can help to evaluate whether a local regulation about spectrum sharing is reasonably established or not. In order to verify the suggested concept, we applied it to 2.4 GHz frequency bands. Also, we demonstrated a real-time test-bed. Two bit error rate(BER) curves for FH with 10 random channels and DC of 10 %, show such good agreement that our proposed concept is expected to be widely used to assess various spectrum sharing technologies.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
• /
• v.4 no.1
• /
• pp.32-43
• /
• 1999

This paper addresses schemes which securely transmit voice and data information under the worst communication environment using the frequency hopping(FH) communication system to avoid monitoring or interference against enemy. In case of using the conventional FEC and bit interleaving scheme. the processing time for error control coding and bit interleaving due to system complexity is highly demanded. In this paper. the effective information coding scheme of maprity error correction and block interleaving compatible to the proposed FH communication system is proposed to transmit voice or data (I6Kbps. 4.8Kbps. 2.4Kbps. 1.2Kbps, O.6Kbps) under the worst FH communication channel. In transmitter. low rate data signals are configured to majority data blocks. and transmitted repeatedly to FH channel which are structured to 20Kbps hopping frame cells. In receiver. the received data are decoded block by block, and taken majority error correction. Consequently. burst or random errors are corrected at the block deinterleaver and the majority decoder. The proposed coder structure reduces the coding/decnding processing time as well as the jamming interferences, and further simplify the data processing complexity for FH communication. Improved performance of the proposed scheme was verified under simulated channel environments.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
• /
• v.33 no.4
• /
• pp.346-351
• /
• 2011

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to measure the angular differences between the horizontal reference planes on the CBCT generated PA cephalogram and the modified interpupillary plane, which was usually used in the clinical examination, and to evaluate the validity of the horizontal reference planes. Methods: The CBCT generated PA cephalogram was used to measure the angles between the FH, Lo and IP planes. The subjects consisted of 42 patients with facial asymmetry (males: 21, females: 21, mean-age: 21.6 years). The control groups were also assessed (males: 10, females: 10, mean-age: 23.8 years). The distance of the interpupil was measured on the soft-tissue volume rendered image. The angular differences were statistically analyzed using the $Mann-Whitney$ $U$ $test$ for inter-group comparisons and the $Friedman$ $test$ for intra-group comparisions. Results: The angle between the FH plane and IP plane (the angle of the FH-IP line) showed a statistically significant difference between the two groups ($p$ <0.05). There was no statistical differences between each angle (angle of the FH-IP line, angle of the FH-Lo line, angle of the Lo-IP line) on the intra-group comparision ($p$ >0.05). Conclusion: The angle between the Lo line and IP line (angle of the Lo-IP line) showed no statistically significant difference in both the control and asymmetry groups. Therefore, the Lo line could be used as a horizontal reference plane in CBCT generated PA cephalograms.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
• /
• v.16 no.3
• /
• pp.68-80
• /
• 2013

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the applicability of UK design flood estimation model, FEH-ReFH through rainfall-runoff simulation of Korean watershed. For the Nam stream watershed($165.12km^2$), the model was calibrated using 6 storm events. The watershed and hydrological characteristics for the model requirements was prepared by developing input data pre-processors based on open GIS. The parameters of rainfall loss rate and unit hydrograph were calibrated from the observed data. The results can be used for improving and standardizing the Korean design flood estimation method.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
• /
• v.11 no.2
• /
• pp.392-401
• /
• 2007

Wireless network has high BER characteristic because of path loss, fading, noise and interference. Many packet losses occur without any congestion in wireless network. Therefore, many wireless TCP algorithms have been proposed. SNOOP, one of wireless TCP algorithms, hides packet losses for Fixed Host and retransmits lost packets in wireless network. However, SNOOP has a weakness for bust errors in wireless network. This paper proposes the SACK-SNOOP to improve TCP performance based on SNOOP and Freeze-TCP that use ZWA messages in wireless network. This message makes FH stop sending packets to MH. BS could retransmit error packets to MH for this time. SACK-SNOOP use improved Selective ACK, thereby reducing the number of packet sequences according to error environment. This method reduces the processing time for generation, transmission, analysis of ACK. This time gain is enough to retransmit local burst errors in wireless link. Furthermore, SACK-SNOOP can manage the retransmitted error by extending delay time to FH. The simulation shows that our proposed protocol is more effective for packet losses in wireless networks.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
• /
• v.30 no.3
• /
• pp.215-222
• /
• 2019

A frequency hopping(FH) signal can change its carrier frequency during transmission and has spread-spectrum characteristics in these frequency bands. Therefore, FH signals are widely used in applications that require low-probability-of-intercept(LPI) and anti-jamming (AJ) abilities in wireless communication environments. In this study, the authors propose a method for generating hopping information (HI), which includes start time, dwell time, and hopping frequency for unknown FH signals. The proposed blind HI generation method produces signal detection information based on the spectrum data and then extracts HI using operational procedures for estimating the target FH signal's status, such as appearance, maintenance, and termination. Further, simulation results demonstrate that the proposed method provides accurate HI without detection omissions for various FH signals.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering Conference
• /
• 2009.10a
• /
• pp.519-523
• /
• 2009

This paper presents the analysis of pitch static attitude (PSA) in thermally assisted magnetic recording (TAMR) suspension. The TAMR suspension using an optical fiber has high stiffness such as vertical, pitch and roll. Therefore, P-torque is greatly increased by the optical fiber. Also, flying height (FH) of the slider with TAMR suspension can be largely changed by PSA. In this paper, we focus on the FH by PSA of TAMR suspension. The FH is investigated using various PSA and proper PSA is proposed.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics S
• /
• v.35S no.2
• /
• pp.10-21
• /
• 1998

In this paper, we analyze the anynchrous cellular hybrid DS/FH spread spectrum system with diversity on nonselective Nakagami fading channel. Binary Psk scheme is considered and random spreading code sequences and random hopping patterns are used. We compare the performance of system using hard-limiting correlation receiver with diversity and linear corrleation receiver in Nakagami fading channel. We compute the average bit error probabilities with/without diversity according to spreading code sequence and the number of hop-ping frequencies under the same handwith espansion, and analyze near-far effect. The results show that hard-limiting correlation receiver with diversity gives a good performance over severe fading channel.

• Proceedings of the KIPE Conference
• /
• 2004.07a
• /
• pp.163-166
• /
• 2004

The conventional fluorescent lamp dimming system using an another control line is complex and will increased the cost. Therefore, many studies have focused on the wireless communication, but it is not fit for dimming system because of the interference generated by the infra-red light of lamp or switching noises in ballast. So, we applied the power line communication on the dimming system and we proposed a new coupling circuit using the voltage controlled impedance convertor for improving the performance of the FH/SS PLC modem. The performance for the proposed modem is evaluted by the BER.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Military Science and Technology
• /
• v.1 no.1
• /
• pp.219-226
• /
• 1998

군 위성통신 시스템의 생존성 향상을 위한 대전자전기능 설계기법으로 Dehop/Rehop 중계기를 사용하는 FH-FDMA 위성통신방식 설계구조를 제안하고 성능을 분석하였다. Dehop/Rehop방식은 적의 재밍조건하에서 필수적 통신링크를 보장하는 설계기법으로 Bent-Pipe방식에서의 Power Robbing, Hard-limiter에 의한 소신호 감쇄 등이 거의 없으며 광대역 도약으로 항재밍 능력의 개선이 가능하다. 본 연구에서는 75bps-2048kbps의 LDR/MDR/HDR 데이터 전송이 가능한 중계기 구조를 설계하고, SHF대역에서 도약대역폭에 따른 항재밍 성능분석과 Bent-Pipe방식 대비 Dehop/Rehop방식의 채널별 항재밍 성능분석결과 9-l0㏈내외의 성능개선이 가능함을 보였다.